Multiplex Multi-Core Pattern of Network Organizations: An Exploratory Study

Recent research on small-world theory has been expanded upon organizations behavior. However, most individual studies have taken a simplified view of individuals and relationships among members by focusing on a single type of links mainly within dyadic relationships. In reality, members of organizations are interacting with each other and often connected via many types of links within more complex relationships. To explore this complex interaction, this study models organization as network and proposes a multiplex approach that captures the complexity of relationships among members in organizations. This approach accounts for the multiple types of links among members and the multiple roles of members within network organizations. It is illustrated via a case study of a network organization. The case study demonstrates how this approach could capture the many types of relationship among members as well as the various roles that members play within the network organization. Such an approach can yield new insights on how to better manage network organizations.     

Evolution of Unit Fraction Conceptions in Two Fifth-Graders with a Learning Disability: An Exploratory Study

The literature seems limited in what is known about conceptual processes that underlie evolution of students with learning disabilities (SLD) conceptions of fractions. This exploratory study examines how a foundational scheme of unit fractions (1/n) may evolve through the mathematical activity of two fifth grade girls. We analyze data segments from episodes conducted during a teaching experiment grounded in the activity of iterating estimates of one person's equal share. Our findings include four distinct conceptual stages: (1) No Conception of the Nature of Adjustment to the Magnitude of a Unit Fraction, (2) Evolving Anticipation of the Nature of Adjustment but not of its Relative Amount, (3) Anticipation of the Nature of Adjustment with an Evolving Partial Amount, and (4) a Dual Anticipation of the Nature and Amount of Adjustment. Findings demonstrate each girl was able to use her constructed scheme to successfully solve and reason about novel problems. We discuss the need for more research to confirm the findings from this study, while offering a conjecture of the possibilities for more SLDs to advance their conceptions of fractions in future interventions.     

Informal Science Experience,Attitudes, Future Interest in Science,and Gender of High-Ability Students: An Exploratory Study

The present study examined specific science-related attitudes, informal science-related experiences, future interest in science, and gender of young high-ability students. The sample consisted of 111 high-ability students between the ages of 9 and 13. Students completed the Test of Science Related Attitudes (TOSRA), the Science Experience Survey, and the Course Selection Sheet. Two regression models were developed to predict number of physical science and life science courses selected. In the first model, gender, TOSRA subscale Career Interest in Science, and informal physical science related experience predicted 42% of the variance related to number of physical science courses selected. The second model (R²= .24) predicted number of life science courses based on informal life science related experience, informal physical science related experience, and TOSRA subscale Enjoyment of Science Lessons. Recommendations were made recognizing differences regarding gender and ability level.     

Affect control theory: An assessment*

This paper reviews affect control theory's major strengths, the contributions of recent work to its growth, and the most promising avenues for future work. Affect control theory's strengths include (1) the precision of its mathematical statement and empirical base (especially when compared with earlier interpretive sociologies), (2) its ability to link the internal processing that generates social action to the socio‐cultural system upon which that action is based, and (3) the generality that allows a parsimonious explanation of a wide range of processes and previous research findings. Recent advances provide (1) new, more accurate impression‐change formulas, (2) the expansion of the theory to encompass settings, emotions, and traits, (3) new dictionaries of evaluation, potency and acitivity meanings and (4) tests of the theory using likelihood judgments, verbal scenarios and actual behavior of naive experimental subjects. Further work must include links to cognitive structures that will further delineate definition of situation and behavior selection processes. In addition, integration of affect control theory with new sociological work on the development of shared social knowledge and on institutionalized production systems expand the theory in useful ways. Finally, new work must find innovative and convincing ways to test simulation outcomes using both verbal accounts and behavior.     

An Exploratory Study of College Students' Views of Mathematical Thinking in a Historical Approach Calculus Course

Heuristic training alone is not enough for developing one's mathematical thinking. One missing component is a mathematical point of view. This study reports findings regarding outcomes of a historical approach calculus course to foster Taiwanese college students' views of mathematical thinking. This study consisted of 3 stages. During the initial phase, 44 engineering majors' views on mathematical thinking were tabulated by an open-ended questionnaire, and 9 randomly selected students were invited to participate in follow-up interviews. Students then received an 18-week historical approach calculus course in which mathematical concepts were problematized to challenge their intuition-based empirical beliefs about doing mathematics. Near the end of the semester, all participants answered the identical questionnaire, and we interviewed the same students to pinpoint any shifts in their views on mathematical thinking. We found that participants were more likely to value logical sense, creativity, and imagination in doing mathematics. Further, students were leaning toward a conservative attitude toward certainty of mathematical knowledge. Participants' focus seemingly shifted from mathematics as a product to mathematics as a process.     

An Exploratory Study of College Students' Views of Mathematical Thinking in a Historical Approach Calculus Course

Heuristic training alone is not enough for developing one's mathematical thinking. One missing component is a mathematical point of view. This study reports findings regarding outcomes of a historical approach calculus course to foster Taiwanese college students' views of mathematical thinking. This study consisted of 3 stages. During the initial phase, 44 engineering majors' views on mathematical thinking were tabulated by an open-ended questionnaire, and 9 randomly selected students were invited to participate in follow-up interviews. Students then received an 18-week historical approach calculus course in which mathematical concepts were problematized to challenge their intuition-based empirical beliefs about doing mathematics. Near the end of the semester, all participants answered the identical questionnaire, and we interviewed the same students to pinpoint any shifts in their views on mathematical thinking. We found that participants were more likely to value logical sense, creativity, and imagination in doing mathematics. Further, students were leaning toward a conservative attitude toward certainty of mathematical knowledge. Participants' focus seemingly shifted from mathematics as a product to mathematics as a process.     

Promoting Equitable Biology Lab Instruction by Engaging All Students in a Broad Range of Science Practices: An Exploratory Study

This study examines what students enrolled in the honors and general sections of a high school biology course offered at the same school learn when they have an opportunity to participate in a broad or narrow range of science practices during their laboratory experiences. The results of our analysis suggest that the students enrolled in the general sections of the course made similar or larger gains than the students enrolled in the honors section of the course in their abilities to plan and carry out an investigation, argue from evidence, and write a science‐specific persuasive essay when these students had an opportunity to participate in a broad range of science practices. These findings suggest that laboratory experiences that give students an opportunity to participate in a broad range of science practices, although considered challenging by many teachers, have the potential to help all students become more proficient in science. The article concludes with a discussion of the implications of this study for classroom instruction and educational policy.     

Copula的局部变结构点诊断的实证研究

基于Copula函数对相关性研究的特有优势,构建了二元正态Copula模型,提出了在时变相关系数的基础上对局部变结构点的诊断方法.以上证煤炭指数及有色金属指数作为实证样本,研究了煤炭指数和有色金属的相关性发生显著变化的时刻,并分析其变化原因.本文的研究结果能更敏锐地捕捉金融市场的动向和指导风险投资.     

An unexpected property of quadrilaterals*

These notes discuss several related propositions in geometry that can be explored in a dynamic geometry environment. The propositions involve an unexpected property of quadrilaterals.     

直接数值模拟／大涡模拟中数值误差影响的研究

通过比较湍流的能谱和总动能,对数值误差(包括混淆误差、离散截断误差)、亚格子模型以及它们之间相互作用对直接数值模拟和大涡模拟的影响进行了系统研究.算例采用了三维各向均匀同性湍流.为了研究复杂几何形状,数值格式采用了谱方法和Pade紧致格式.大涡模型采用了truncated Navior-Stokes(TNS)模型结合Pade离散滤波器.结果表明直接数值模拟中离散误差对结果有很大影响,低阶格式会导致计算发散.而大涡模拟中亚格子模型不仅能表征小尺度对大尺度的影响,而且还缓解了数值误差对计算结果的影响.因而低精度格式也可取得不错的结果.     

Higher-Rank Graph C *-Algebras: An Inverse Semigroup and Groupoid Approach

We provide inverse semigroup and groupoid models for the Toeplitz and Cuntz-Krieger algebras of finitely aligned higher-rank graphs. Using these models, we prove a uniqueness theorem for the Cuntz-Krieger algebra.     

一个构造增生映像零点的带误差的迭代算法

设E是一致光滑的Banach空间,A:D(A)E→2~E是一个满足值域条件的增生算子,进一步满足线性增长条件:‖Ax‖≤C(1+‖x‖)对某个常数C0, x∈D(A).设z∈D(A)是任意固定元,x_1∈D(A), A~(-1)0≠Φ.定义序列{x_n}D(A)如下:x_(n+1)∈x_n-λ_n(Ax_n+θ_n(x_n-z+e_n)),n≥1,其中{λ_n}与{θ_n}是满足一定条件的非负数列.则x_n→x~*∈A~(-1)(0),(n→∞).作为应用,我们推出构造连续伪压缩映像的不动点的收敛定理.