碲化镉纳米晶中温度相关的能量转移（英文）

为了获得纳米晶之间以及单个纳米晶内部本体态至缺陷态两种能量转移在不同温度下对发光强度的影响,测量了碲化镉纳米晶层发光光谱随温度(78~300K)的变化情况.碲化镉纳米晶层发光光谱显示:碲化镉纳米晶层在低温下有明显的本体(约520nm)和缺陷(约605nm)发光,且发光强度随温度的改变呈现出不同的变化规律.在温度变化的第一阶段(78~140K),大尺寸碲化镉纳米晶发光效率高、表面缺陷少,小尺寸纳米晶至大尺寸纳米晶间的能量转移使得纳米晶本体发光强度逐渐升高、缺陷发光强度迅速降低.在温度变化的第二阶段(140~300K),随着温度的升高,无辐射跃迁几率的增大使得碲化镉纳米晶缺陷态和本体态发光强度均逐渐降低.因此,能量转移仅在温度变化的第一阶段对发光强度的影响起主要作用,在第二阶段起次要作用.为了进一步验证能量转移对发光强度的影响,将碲化镉纳米晶用聚乙二醇包裹以减少纳米晶间的能量转移;将纳米晶层的干燥过程放在近真空环境下进行以减少单个纳米晶内部本体至缺陷态的能量转移.光谱结果显示在温度变化的第一阶段,这两种方式下得到的纳米晶层发光强度均逐渐降低,能量转移对发光强度的影响不再起主要作用.证实了能量转移对发光强度的影响规律的合理性.     

PbSe胶质纳米晶温度依赖的光谱特性研究

在研究中,制备了3.8和5.8nm两种尺寸的PbSe胶质纳米晶,并对PbSe胶质纳米晶温度依赖的光学特性进行了研究。实验数据表明:在室温情况下,随着温度和尺寸的变化,PbSe胶质纳米晶的禁带宽度、发光峰值波长、发光强度及全波半宽度等都会发生改变。在纳米晶尺寸是3.8nm时,PbSe胶质纳米晶的禁带宽度随温度升高产生红移;但是当尺寸是5.8nm时,禁带宽度随温度升高产生蓝移。随温度的升高,PbSe胶质纳米晶的发光强度将下降、全波半宽度会增加。     

高频溅射生长ZnS:Tb,F薄膜的结构与发光

本文采用X射线衍射和阴极射线发光技术对溅射法生长的ZnS:Tb,F薄膜的发光光谱和薄膜的微观结构进行了研究,得出了激晶薄膜的晶粒尺寸与发光强度的关系.讨论了稀土离子的价态对掺杂稀土微晶薄膜的发光性质与晶粒尺寸的关系的影响.     

补偿离子掺杂与烧成温度对SrTiO3:0.002Pr3+ 材料的红色发光特性的影响

采用高温固相反应法合成SrTiO3：Pr^3＋系发光材料,利用荧光光谱、XRD等分析手段,研究了工艺参数,如不同价态K、Ca和Al离子掺杂,以及1050～1300℃不同烧成温度对SrTiO3：Pr^3＋体系发光性能的影响,以获得具有较好综合发光性能的SrTiO3：Pr^3＋系发光材料。选择不同价态补偿离子掺杂是为了研究电荷补偿作用机制对该类材料发光性能的作用。结果表明：随着烧成温度的升高,磷光体发光强度先增加后减弱,在1150℃烧成的材料其发光强度最大。无补偿掺杂与K、Ca或Al离子掺杂的所有样品均发出源于Pr^3＋的^1D2→^3H4跃迁的610nm红色光。在不同价态补偿离子掺杂样品中,以掺Al的SrTiO3：Pr^3＋体系发光强度最好;其发光强度比无补偿离子掺杂SrTiO3：Pr^3＋材料的发光强度提高10倍左右。另一方面,与Al离子具有类似的引入阴离子电荷缺陷的K离子掺杂材料的发光强度则基本没有变化,其发光强度与没有电荷补偿作用的无掺杂及Ca离子掺杂SrTiO3：Pr^3＋材料相似。上述实验结果可从电荷缺陷及微观固溶结构两方面的联合作用机制进行解释。在引入电荷缺陷的掺杂体系中,只有在发光离子PrSr^＋最近邻的Ti格位引入的电荷缺陷才能有效地起电荷补偿作用,达到增强发光强度的作用。研究结果给出了合理的制备工艺条件,并且提供了一种可有效提高发光强度的补偿离子掺杂的选择依据。     

CdSe纳米晶带隙随温度变化的研究

根据带隙与吸收光谱的第一吸收峰峰位之间存在的关系,测量了粒子尺寸分别为4.0 nm和2.5 nm的CdSe纳米晶在不同温度下的吸收光谱,找出了吸收光谱第一吸收峰峰位随温度的变化关系,总结出了CdSe纳米晶的带隙随温度的变化关系.结果表明：CdSe纳米晶材料的发光器件的发光颜色取决于它的带隙.     

Eu3+:Y态效应2O3纳米微粒的尺寸效应和表面的研究

通过相同掺杂浓度但不同颗粒尺寸的Eu:Y2O3纳米晶,和相同颗粒尺寸但掺杂浓度不同的纳米晶的发光衰减曲线研究了表面态和限域作用对能量传递的影响.纳米晶与体材料相比,有更高的猝灭浓度,分析了纳米材料中发光中心的猝灭浓度提高的原因.由于纳米材料与体材料相比,纳米晶中的缺陷密度很小,纳米晶中有较少的体猝灭中心.选择合适的颗粒尺寸并对其进行表面修饰,将获得较高发光效率和较高的猝灭浓度.     

高频溅射生长ZnS∶Tb，F薄膜的结构与发光

本文采用Ｘ射线衍射和阴极射线发光技术对溅射法生长的ＺｎＳ∶Ｔｂ，Ｆ薄膜的发光光谱和薄膜的微观结构进行了研究，得出了激晶薄膜的晶粒尺寸与发光强度的关系．讨论了稀土离子的价态对掺杂稀土微晶薄膜的发光性质与晶粒尺寸的关系的影响．     

补偿离子掺杂与烧成温度对SrTiO_3∶0.002Pr~(3+)材料的红色发光特性的影响

采用高温固相反应法合成SrTiO3∶Pr3+系发光材料,利用荧光光谱、XRD等分析手段,研究了工艺参数,如不同价态K、Ca和A l离子掺杂,以及1 050~1 300℃不同烧成温度对SrTiO3∶Pr3+体系发光性能的影响,以获得具有较好综合发光性能的SrTiO3∶Pr3+系发光材料。选择不同价态补偿离子掺杂是为了研究电荷补偿作用机制对该类材料发光性能的作用。结果表明:随着烧成温度的升高,磷光体发光强度先增加后减弱,在1 150℃烧成的材料其发光强度最大。无补偿掺杂与K、Ca或A l离子掺杂的所有样品均发出源于Pr3+的1D2→3H4跃迁的610 nm红色光。在不同价态补偿离子掺杂样品中,以掺A l的SrTiO3∶Pr3+体系发光强度最好;其发光强度比无补偿离子掺杂SrTiO3∶Pr3+材料的发光强度提高10倍左右。另一方面,与A l离子具有类似的引入阴离子电荷缺陷的K离子掺杂材料的发光强度则基本没有变化,其发光强度与没有电荷补偿作用的无掺杂及Ca离子掺杂SrTiO3∶Pr3+材料相似。上述实验结果可从电荷缺陷及微观固溶结构两方面的联合作用机制进行解释。在引入电荷缺陷的掺杂体系中,只有在发光离子PrS+r最近邻的Ti格位引入的电荷缺陷才能有效地起电荷补偿作用,达到增强发光强度的作用。研究结果给出了合理的制备工艺条件,并且提供了一种可有效提高发光强度的补偿离子掺杂的选择依据。     

氧化对单颗粒层纳米金刚石薄膜硅空位发光和微结构的影响

制备了单个颗粒(domain)组成的纳米金刚石薄膜,薄膜中单个颗粒由尺寸超过100 nm的金刚石晶粒与非晶碳复合而成.对薄膜进行氧化处理后,其硅空位色心的光致发光强度增强了22.7倍.扫描电镜及拉曼光谱测试结果表明,不同时间氧化后的样品中存在由尺寸超过100 nm的晶粒组成的花瓣状金刚石聚集体,这些金刚石在较长氧化时间下仍能保持稳定.氧化后的薄膜内非晶碳大大减少,金刚石含量增大,纳米金刚石晶粒充分暴露引起了薄膜发光强度大幅增强,其发光半峰宽为5.6—6.0 nm.继续增加氧化时间,薄膜的光致发光会因为部分细小纳米金刚石晶粒的损失而略微降低,但是稳定的大尺寸金刚石晶粒的存在使得薄膜的发光强度依然维持在氧化前的8.3倍以上.     

非晶和纳米ZrO_2,ZrO_2∶Y发光研究

利用共沉淀法制备了非晶和纳米ZrO2 和ZrO2 ∶Y(7% )。通过X射线衍射对其晶化过程的结构变化进行了表征 ,并在不同温度和气氛下进行处理 ,研究了对其发光性质的影响。结果表明发射谱由一个Gaus sian带 (峰值 2 6 9eV)和一个非对称带 (峰值 3 12eV)构成 ,它们对应的发光中心分别为F+ 心和 (F F) + 心。非晶样品的发光强度比纳米晶样品强 ,发光强度主要受氧空位的浓度和晶粒尺寸的影响 ,随着处理温度的升高 ,两者竞争的结果综合地影响了发光强度     

Guided-Wave Two-Dimensional Acousto-Optic Scanner Using Proton-Exchanged Lithium Niobate Waveguide

Two-dimensional scanning of a 0.6328 mum guided-light beam has been realized using noncolinear acousto-optic (AO) coplanar Bragg diffraction together with colinear AO guided-mode to substrate radiation-mode conversion in a Z-cut Xpropagation LiNbO3 proton-exchanged (PE) waveguide. The two surface acoustic (SAW) waves utilized are at the center frequencies of 500 and 200 MHz, propagating in the Y and X axes, respectively. Two-dimensional scanning of approximately 720 resolvable light beam spots, namely, 18 40 (horizontal vertical) scanning, has been demonstrated using a light beam of 1.0 mm aperture. The total number of resolvable beam spots can be greatly increased from 720 by simply utilizing SAW transducers of larger bandwidth and a light beam of greater aperture. It should also be possible to significantly increase the diffraction efficiency from 3 % by optimizing the parameters of the PE waveguide and the SAWs.     

Effect ofγ-radiation on the spectral luminescence characteristics of impure cadmium tungstate crystals

Results of a study of the effect of γ-radiation on the spectral luminescence properties of cadmium tungstate crystals doped with silver, bismuth, and molybdenum cations are presented. Spectral characteristics of the nondnnnoped crystals are briefly described. Absorption and photo and X-ray luminescence spectra of the crystals taken before and after exposure to γ-radiation (5.5·10⁴ Gy) are compared. It is found that the spectral characteristics of the crystals doped with silver, bismuth, and molybdenum cations do not change markedly after the exposure. The relation between the type of impurity-induced defects, individual characteristics of the impurity cations, and the character of the effect of γ-radiation on the spectral luminescence properties of impure crystals is analyzed (preliminarily). Translated from Zhurnal Prikladnoi Spektroskopii, Vol. 64, No. 1, pp. 55–60, January–February, 1997.     

Femtosecond Transform-Limited Pulse Generation by Compensating for the Linear Chirp of SPM Spectra in Dispersion Shifted Fibers

A simple technique of pulse compression, based on the linear chirp compensation of self-phase modulation (SPM) spectra in dispersion shifted fibers, is demonstrated. The optimization procedure is carried out, for a short span of a single-mode fiber, using a parabolic law, which describes the behavior of the squared output pulse width versus the pump peak power in the case of Gaussian pulses. The experimental results give a minimum pulse duration of 233 fs, which is in good agreement with the model. Shorter and coherent pulses, down to 90 fs, have been obtained by inserting an interference filter at the optical output.     

Sorting of bending magnets for the SSRF booster

The Shanghai Synchrotron Radiation Facility(SSRF)booster ring,a full energy injector for the storage ring,is deigned to accelerate the electron beam energy from 150MeV to 3.5GeV that demands high extraction efficiency at the extraction energy with low beam loss rate when electrons are ramping.Closed orbit distortion(COD)caused by bending magnet field uniformity errors which affects the machine performance harmfully could be effectively reduced by bending magnet location sorting.Considering the affections of random errors in measurement,both ideal sorting and realistic sorting are studied based on measured bending magnet field uniformity errors and one reasonable combination of bending magnets which can reduce the horizontal COD by a factor of 5is given as the final installation sequence of the booster bending magnets in this paper.     

Measurement of nonlinear coefficient of optical fiber based on small chirped soliton transmission

We measure the waveform and phase curves of short optical pulses before and after transmission over different lengths of fibers by use of the pulse analyzer with the frequency-resolved optical gating (FROG),and numerically simulate pulse evolution under the experimental conditions.The nonlinear coefficient of the fiber is given by comparing the experimental results with the numerical ones.Difference between the experiment and numerical simulation is analyzed.     

Resonance scattering of canonical elastic shells in absorbing fluid medium

Resonance scattering of elastic spherical shell and cylindrical shell while the surrounding fluid medium has absorption is studied. The normal mode solution derived using exact elastic theory and the separation of variables is still applicable. However, the scattering form function has to be modified for the absorbing medium, otherwise the unreasonable result would be obtained. The backscattering form function in the absorbing medium is redefined, and the form function of elastic spherical and cylindrical shell with vacuum or solid matter filled is calculated in various absorption conditions. The results show that the absorption of surrounding fluid leads to notable attenuation of the coincidence resonances in the mid-frequency, but it has a little influence on the low-frequency resonance scattering induced by the filler inside the shell.     

Single-beam self-referenced phase-sensitive surface plasmon resonance sensor with high detection resolution

A versatile and low-cost single-beam self-referenced phase-sensitive surface plasmon resonance(SPR)sensing system with ultra-high resolution performance is presented.The system exhibits a root-mean-square phase fluctuation of ±0.0028.over a period of 45 min.i.e.a resolution of±5.2×10-9 refractive index units.The enhanced performance has been achieved through the incorporation of three design elements:a true single-beam configuration enabling complete self-referencing so that only the phase change associated with SPR gets detected,a differential measurement scheme to eliminate spurious signals not related to the sensor response,and the elimination of retardation drifts by incorporating temperature stabilization in the liquid crystal phase modulato .Our design should bring the detection sensitivity of non-labeling SPR biosensing closer to that achievable by conventional fluorescence-based techniques.     

Influences of SiO2 protective layers and annealing on the laser-induced damage threshold of Ta2O5 films

Ta2O5 films are prepared on BK7 substrates with conventional electron beam evaporation deposition.The effects of SiO2 protective layers and annealing on the laser-induced damage threshold (LIDT) of the films are investigated.The results show that SiO2 protective layers exert little influence on the electric field intensity(EFI)distribution,microstructure and microdefect density but increase the absorption slightly.Annealing iS effective on decreasing the microdefect density and the absorption of the films.Both SiO2 protective layers and annealing are beneficial to the damage resistance of the films and the latter is more effective to improve the LIDT.Moreover,the maximal LIDT of Ta2O5 films is achieved by the combination of SiO2 protective layers and annealing.     

A stereo matching algorithm using multi-peak candidate matches and geometric constraints

Gray cross correlation matching technique is adopted to extract candidate matches with gray cross correla- tion coefficients less than some certain range of maximal correlation coefficient called multi-peak candidate matches. Multi-peak candidates are extracted corresponding to three closest feature points at first. The corresponding multi-peak candidate matches are used to construct the model polygon. Correspondence is determined based on the local geometric relations between the three feature points and the multi-peak candidates. The disparity test and the global consistency checkout are applied to eliminate the remaining ambiguous matches that are not removed by the local geometric relational test. Experimental results show that the proposed algorithm is feasible and accurate.