基于ICP-MS法的苹果酒发酵过程矿质元素的动态分析

利用电感耦合等离子质谱仪(ICP-MS)测定苹果酒发酵的不同时期主要矿质元素含量,分析在苹果酒发酵过程中主要矿质元素的吸收和释放的动态变化。结果表明：发酵液中含有的主要矿质元素有钾、钠、钙、镁、铁、锰、铜、锌、锶、硼等十种,其中钾元素的含量最高,在苹果汁中达到1 853.83 mg·L-1,经过发酵后的含量为1 654.38 mg·L-1。在发酵过程中,各种矿质元素的含量处于不断的动态变化之中,整体看来,在发酵进行72～120 h以及144～216 h,大部分矿质元素的含量变化波动较大;尤其在发酵进行到192 h,大部分矿质元素的含量都达到峰值或谷值,其中铁和锌元素的含量达到峰值,钾、钠、钙、镁、锰、硼六种元素的含量达到谷值。但在随后发酵结束前的24 h内,矿质元素的含量又剧烈反弹。经过发酵过程后,钾、镁、铜、锌、硼等元素的含量显著降低,钠、钙、锰、铁、锶等元素含量变化不显著。对十种元素进行相关性分析,结果表明钙元素和锰元素之间的相关性最高,pearson相关系数达到0.924。试验结果为调控酿酒过程,控制产品质量提供了理论依据。     

微波消解-ICP-OES测定滇杨中的矿质元素

采用微波消解法消解样品,利用电感耦合等离子体-发射光谱法(ICP-OES)测定滇杨中的矿质元素.方法的RSD为0.5％-3.8％,加标回收率为96.7％-104.4％,表明该方法有良好的精密度和准确度.用该法对滇杨样品中的钙、镁、铁、锌、钾、锰、磷、硼、铜、钠、硅等11种矿质元素进行测定,发现铜含量明显偏低,不能达到植...     

微波消解/ICP-MS法检测八种梨果实中主要矿质元素含量

采用ICP-MS法测定了八种梨果实中的钠、钾、钙、镁、锌、铜、铁、锰、硼等元素的含量。不同品种梨果实中主要元素组成基本相同, 但各种元素的含量存在一定的差异。其中,钾的含量最高, 其次是镁、钙、钠等元素。采用欧盟果蔬汁工业协会(AIJN)提供的果汁质量评价参考范围作参照标准,梨果实中钾、镁和钙元素含量高于该标准,钠元素含量低于该标准,其余元素含量均接近于该标准的规定。     

ICP-OES同时测定婴幼儿营养食品中的14种元素

采用湿式消解处理电感耦合等离子体发射光谱法(ICP-OES)对婴幼儿营养食品中的钾、钠、钙、镁、铜、铁、锰、锌、硼、铬、镍、铝、钡和磷等14种元素同时测定.结果显示检出限能达到0.0001-0.076mg/kg,RSD%小于2.39%.     

原子吸收分光光度法测定利心丸中钙、镁、铁、锰、铜、锌的含量

本文采用原子吸收分光光度法测定利心丸中钙、镁、铁、锰、铜、锌六种元素的含量。结果表明,利心丸中含有较为丰富的钙、镁、铁、锰、铜、锌元素,宏量元素含量,钙＞镁,微量元素含量,铁＞锌＞锰＞铜,尤以铁的含量最为丰富。本实验结果为探讨中成药利心丸中钙、镁、铁、锰、铜、锌的含量与治疗心血管疾病的关系提供了有用的数据。     

内蒙古兴和县育龄妇女头发中矿质元素分布及影响因素研究

使用电感耦合等离子体原子发射光谱(ICP-AES)和原子荧光光谱法(AFS)分别对内蒙古自治区兴和县180名农村育龄妇女头发中21种矿物元素(铝,硼,钡,钙,镉,钴,铬,铜,铁,镁,锰,钼,镍,铅,硒,硅,锡,锶,钛,钒和锌)的含量及年龄、生育史及饮食习惯等对其产生的影响进行了研究。结果表明,大多数矿物元素(硼,镉,铬,钴,铜,铁,镁,锰,钼,镍,铅,硒,硅,锡,锶,钛,钒和锌)含量从青年组(18～29岁)到老年组(40～45岁)依次减少,而中年组(30～39岁)的钙,镁,锰、铅的含量最低。生育二胎的妇女钙,镁,锰,钼,镍,铅,锡,锶和锌含量最低,这可能与生育次数的增加有关,相关性分析证实钙,铅和锡与生育史有显著性相关。此外,饮食习惯也会影响头发中矿物质元素的含量。经常食用酸菜会导致锌,铁,铜,锰,锶含量水平较低,但钼,铅和硒含量水平较高。而且,锌和硒含量随肉类摄入频率增加而增加。规律性摄入蔬菜会增加硅的含量。同时,经常食用水果会增加锰,镍和钛的含量水平。因此,该研究为解决不均衡饮食习惯盛行的农村地区生育和妇女健康提供基础数据和有用的信息。     

内蒙古兴和县育龄妇女头发中矿质元素分布及影响因素研究（英文）

使用电感耦合等离子体原子发射光谱(ICP-AES)和原子荧光光谱法(AFS)分别对内蒙古自治区兴和县180名农村育龄妇女头发中21种矿物元素(铝,硼,钡,钙,镉,钴,铬,铜,铁,镁,锰,钼,镍,铅,硒,硅,锡,锶,钛,钒和锌)的含量及年龄、生育史及饮食习惯等对其产生的影响进行了研究。结果表明,大多数矿物元素(硼,镉,铬,钴,铜,铁,镁,锰,钼,镍,铅,硒,硅,锡,锶,钛,钒和锌)含量从青年组(18~29岁)到老年组(40~45岁)依次减少,而中年组(30~39岁)的钙,镁,锰、铅的含量最低。生育二胎的妇女钙,镁,锰,钼,镍,铅,锡,锶和锌含量最低,这可能与生育次数的增加有关,相关性分析证实钙,铅和锡与生育史有显著性相关。此外,饮食习惯也会影响头发中矿物质元素的含量。经常食用酸菜会导致锌,铁,铜,锰,锶含量水平较低,但钼,铅和硒含量水平较高。而且,锌和硒含量随肉类摄入频率增加而增加。规律性摄入蔬菜会增加硅的含量。同时,经常食用水果会增加锰,镍和钛的含量水平。因此,该研究为解决不均衡饮食习惯盛行的农村地区生育和妇女健康提供基础数据和有用的信息。     

ICP-AES测定茶中微量元素的含量

茶是健康饮品之一,它含有的化学成分300多种。电感耦合等离子体发射光谱法测定茶叶中的铝、钙、铜、铁、钾、镁、锰、钠、锶、锌10种微量元素,该法具有稳定性好、灵敏度高、精密度好、多元素同时分析的优点,为健康饮茶提供科学依据。     

不同产地的螺旋藻粉中元素含量分析

采用X射线荧光光谱分析法(XRF)测定了5个不同产地的螺旋藻粉中钾、钠、钙、镁、铁、锌、锰等元素的含量。螺旋藻含有丰富的人体所必需的矿质元素,不同产地的螺旋藻粉的主要元素谱基本相同,但各种元素的含量存在一定的差异。钾的含量最高,平均为5.00%,钠含量为0.352%,平均钠/钾比为0.070。探讨了钾、钠/钾比与螺旋藻的医疗保健作用的关系,较低的钠/钾比有利于高血压患者恢复健康。所用测定方法具有简便、快捷、准确、灵敏度高、适用元素多和含量范围广等特点。研究结果为提高螺旋藻矿质元素的品质以及进一步开发利用螺旋藻提供了新的科学依据。     

ICP-AES测定向日葵花盘中13种金属元素

向日葵花盘经湿法消解,采用ICP-AES对其中钾、钙、钠、钡、铝、铬、铜、镁、铁、锰、镍、锶、锌13种元素进行测定.对光谱仪的工作条件及分析谱线等测定条件进行了选择,并进行了方法的回收率及精密度试验,其回收率在95％-122％之间.     

Guided-Wave Two-Dimensional Acousto-Optic Scanner Using Proton-Exchanged Lithium Niobate Waveguide

Two-dimensional scanning of a 0.6328 mum guided-light beam has been realized using noncolinear acousto-optic (AO) coplanar Bragg diffraction together with colinear AO guided-mode to substrate radiation-mode conversion in a Z-cut Xpropagation LiNbO3 proton-exchanged (PE) waveguide. The two surface acoustic (SAW) waves utilized are at the center frequencies of 500 and 200 MHz, propagating in the Y and X axes, respectively. Two-dimensional scanning of approximately 720 resolvable light beam spots, namely, 18 40 (horizontal vertical) scanning, has been demonstrated using a light beam of 1.0 mm aperture. The total number of resolvable beam spots can be greatly increased from 720 by simply utilizing SAW transducers of larger bandwidth and a light beam of greater aperture. It should also be possible to significantly increase the diffraction efficiency from 3 % by optimizing the parameters of the PE waveguide and the SAWs.     

Hybrid Wavelength and Code Division Multiple Access in Optical Networks

A review of schemes for multiple access in fiber optic networks shows that a hybrid of wavelength and code division multiple access (WCDMA) combines the best features of both. In particular, the hybrid scheme retains the large information carrying capacity of wavelength division multiple access (WDMA) and flexibility of code division multiple access (CDMA). In this paper WDMA, optical CDMA (OCDMA), and WCDMA networks are discussed. In OCDMA networks, concept of incoherent and coherent coding including inverse decoding and matched filter is introduced. The delay performance of both WDMA and WCDMA networks, under the simple suboptimum access protocols based on cyclic search, is computed. It has been shown quantitatively that tuning delay significantly affects the delay performance of both WDMA and WCDMA networks. Futhermore, delay performance of WCDMA networks is always better than the WDMA networks for the same tuning delay, load, and number of users.     

Effect ofγ-radiation on the spectral luminescence characteristics of impure cadmium tungstate crystals

Results of a study of the effect of γ-radiation on the spectral luminescence properties of cadmium tungstate crystals doped with silver, bismuth, and molybdenum cations are presented. Spectral characteristics of the nondnnnoped crystals are briefly described. Absorption and photo and X-ray luminescence spectra of the crystals taken before and after exposure to γ-radiation (5.5·10⁴ Gy) are compared. It is found that the spectral characteristics of the crystals doped with silver, bismuth, and molybdenum cations do not change markedly after the exposure. The relation between the type of impurity-induced defects, individual characteristics of the impurity cations, and the character of the effect of γ-radiation on the spectral luminescence properties of impure crystals is analyzed (preliminarily). Translated from Zhurnal Prikladnoi Spektroskopii, Vol. 64, No. 1, pp. 55–60, January–February, 1997.     

Femtosecond Transform-Limited Pulse Generation by Compensating for the Linear Chirp of SPM Spectra in Dispersion Shifted Fibers

A simple technique of pulse compression, based on the linear chirp compensation of self-phase modulation (SPM) spectra in dispersion shifted fibers, is demonstrated. The optimization procedure is carried out, for a short span of a single-mode fiber, using a parabolic law, which describes the behavior of the squared output pulse width versus the pump peak power in the case of Gaussian pulses. The experimental results give a minimum pulse duration of 233 fs, which is in good agreement with the model. Shorter and coherent pulses, down to 90 fs, have been obtained by inserting an interference filter at the optical output.     

Sorting of bending magnets for the SSRF booster

The Shanghai Synchrotron Radiation Facility(SSRF)booster ring,a full energy injector for the storage ring,is deigned to accelerate the electron beam energy from 150MeV to 3.5GeV that demands high extraction efficiency at the extraction energy with low beam loss rate when electrons are ramping.Closed orbit distortion(COD)caused by bending magnet field uniformity errors which affects the machine performance harmfully could be effectively reduced by bending magnet location sorting.Considering the affections of random errors in measurement,both ideal sorting and realistic sorting are studied based on measured bending magnet field uniformity errors and one reasonable combination of bending magnets which can reduce the horizontal COD by a factor of 5is given as the final installation sequence of the booster bending magnets in this paper.     

Measurement of nonlinear coefficient of optical fiber based on small chirped soliton transmission

We measure the waveform and phase curves of short optical pulses before and after transmission over different lengths of fibers by use of the pulse analyzer with the frequency-resolved optical gating (FROG),and numerically simulate pulse evolution under the experimental conditions.The nonlinear coefficient of the fiber is given by comparing the experimental results with the numerical ones.Difference between the experiment and numerical simulation is analyzed.     

Resonance scattering of canonical elastic shells in absorbing fluid medium

Resonance scattering of elastic spherical shell and cylindrical shell while the surrounding fluid medium has absorption is studied. The normal mode solution derived using exact elastic theory and the separation of variables is still applicable. However, the scattering form function has to be modified for the absorbing medium, otherwise the unreasonable result would be obtained. The backscattering form function in the absorbing medium is redefined, and the form function of elastic spherical and cylindrical shell with vacuum or solid matter filled is calculated in various absorption conditions. The results show that the absorption of surrounding fluid leads to notable attenuation of the coincidence resonances in the mid-frequency, but it has a little influence on the low-frequency resonance scattering induced by the filler inside the shell.     

Single-beam self-referenced phase-sensitive surface plasmon resonance sensor with high detection resolution

A versatile and low-cost single-beam self-referenced phase-sensitive surface plasmon resonance(SPR)sensing system with ultra-high resolution performance is presented.The system exhibits a root-mean-square phase fluctuation of ±0.0028.over a period of 45 min.i.e.a resolution of±5.2×10-9 refractive index units.The enhanced performance has been achieved through the incorporation of three design elements:a true single-beam configuration enabling complete self-referencing so that only the phase change associated with SPR gets detected,a differential measurement scheme to eliminate spurious signals not related to the sensor response,and the elimination of retardation drifts by incorporating temperature stabilization in the liquid crystal phase modulato .Our design should bring the detection sensitivity of non-labeling SPR biosensing closer to that achievable by conventional fluorescence-based techniques.     

Influences of SiO2 protective layers and annealing on the laser-induced damage threshold of Ta2O5 films

Ta2O5 films are prepared on BK7 substrates with conventional electron beam evaporation deposition.The effects of SiO2 protective layers and annealing on the laser-induced damage threshold (LIDT) of the films are investigated.The results show that SiO2 protective layers exert little influence on the electric field intensity(EFI)distribution,microstructure and microdefect density but increase the absorption slightly.Annealing iS effective on decreasing the microdefect density and the absorption of the films.Both SiO2 protective layers and annealing are beneficial to the damage resistance of the films and the latter is more effective to improve the LIDT.Moreover,the maximal LIDT of Ta2O5 films is achieved by the combination of SiO2 protective layers and annealing.