LDHs薄膜基纳米荧光传感器的制备及其研究进展

层状复合氢氧化物(LDHs)是一种层板金属元素和层间离子可调的无机层状材料,利用其独特的插层组装特性,基于静电、氢键、范德华力等相互作用力,功能性荧光客体分子可与LDHs纳米片复合构筑多功能荧光薄膜材料.LDHs薄膜基荧光材料用于荧光传感器,在有机挥发性气体(VOCs)、温度、压力、重要生物分子等的检测中显示了良好性能.本文总结了LDHs复合薄膜的制备方法以及近年来其在纳米荧光传感领域的进展,并对其未来发展做出了展望.     

10-羟基喜树碱-癸二酸-LDH杂化物的制备及性能

采用二次插层法成功制备了10-羟基喜树碱(HCPT)-癸二酸(SC)插层的层状双金属氢氧化物(LDH). 先采用共沉淀法制备SC柱撑LDH杂化物(SC-LDH), 再在乙醇介质中将HCPT插入LDH层间形成HCPT-SC-LDH纳米杂化物. 依据SC和HCPT的分子尺寸和纳米杂化物的通道高度, 推测SC分子在层间可能为双层排列, SC分子两端的羧基同时键合在同一个LDH层片表面上; HCPT分子插入(或溶入)SC分子碳氢链形成的疏水区中. 所制备的纳米杂化物既可稳定HCPT的内酯环, 又可明显提高HCPT的溶解度, 还具有明显的药物缓释效果, 其释放动力学过程符合准二级动力学方程.     

布洛芬插层类水滑石/淀粉凝胶复合物的制备及缓释行为

为设计新型布洛芬缓释体系提供实验依据,以氯化镁、氯化铝、布洛芬(IBU)及淀粉等为原料,采取共沉淀-焙烧还原法及冷冻-解冻法,制备了层状双氢氧化物-布洛芬插层复合物(LDH-IBU)、淀粉凝胶-布洛芬复合物(淀粉凝胶-IBU)及层状双氢氧化物/淀粉凝胶-布洛芬插层复合物(LDH/淀粉凝胶-IBU)。 通过傅里叶红外光谱仪(FT-IR)、X射线衍射仪(XRD)表征了上述3种复合物的结构,并研究了它们在模拟人体环境条件下的缓释性能。 结果表明,3种复合物中的IBU在不同的缓释介质中都具有一定的缓释效果,复合物释放速率大小为:LDH/淀粉凝胶-IBU>LDH-IBU>淀粉凝胶-IBU;在pH值为6.6和7.4以及0.9%生理盐水3种缓冲介质中释放速率依次减小。 释放动力学均符合准一级动力学方程。     

氟尿苷-层状双金属氢氧化物纳米杂化物制备及表征

采用共沉淀法将抗癌药物氟尿苷插入Mg-Al层状双金属氢氧化物(LDHs)的层间,合成了氟尿苷-LDHs纳米杂化物。依据氟尿苷分子大小和杂化物通道高度推测,氟尿苷分子是以长轴垂直或略倾斜于LDHs层片在LDHs层间呈双层排列。分别在pH=4.8和7.2的介质中研究了药物释放动力学,表明符合准二级动力学方程;释放速率随载药量增大而降低;氟尿苷-LDHs纳米杂化物具有良好的缓释效果。     

聚乙烯醇/层状双氢氧化物纳米复合材料研究进展

聚乙烯醇/层状双氢氧化物纳米复合材料是近年来开发的新型聚合物基复合材料,表现出与纯聚乙烯醇基体明显不同的结晶行为,且具有良好的机械力学性能、耐热性能以及阻燃性能等,有着广泛的应用前景。本文首先对层状双氢氧化物的结构组成、制备方法和性质进行简要综述,然后着重介绍聚乙烯醇/层状双氢氧化物纳米复合材料的制备、结构表征、结晶行为、力学和热性能等方面的研究进展,最后对其应用前景进行展望。     

聚氯乙烯/层状双氢氧化物纳米复合材料研究进展

聚氯乙烯(PVC)/层状双氢氧化物(LDHs)纳米复合材料相比于纯聚氯乙烯具有更好的热稳定性、力学性能、阻燃抑烟性、耐候性与耐光性等,是一种性能优异并具有广泛应用前景的新型聚合物基纳米复合材料。本文首先介绍了LDHs的化学组成和结构特点,并对其制备过程和性质特点进行了分析和探讨;然后综述了PVC/LDH纳米复合材料的制备、结构表征及性能等方面的最新研究进展,重点阐述了LDHs的表面有机化处理及其对PVC/LDH纳米复合材料制备与性能的重要作用;最后对其应用前景进行展望。     

Zn/Al层状双氢氧化物-聚氯乙烯纳米复合物的制备与性能

用共沉淀法制备油酸钾改性的Zn2+、Al 3+层状双氢氧化物(Zn/Al-LDH),以环己酮为溶剂,用溶液插层法制备了Zn/Al层状双氢氧化物-聚氯乙烯(PVC)纳米复合物。采用傅里叶红外(FT-IR)、X-射线衍射(XRD)、透射电镜(TEM)对复合材料的结构及形貌进行了表征,并用热分析仪、万能试验机和紫外分光光度计研究了复合物的热稳定性能、拉伸性能和紫外吸收性能。结果表明:Zn/Al-LDH纳米片层无序分散在PVC基体中;Zn/Al-LDH对PVC低温时的骨干脱氯化氢有促进作用;与PVC膜相比,复合膜的分解温度降低,高温碳化温度升高,复合膜的拉伸强度及断裂伸长率得到提高,在300~380nm具有一定的紫外吸收性能。     

插层材料ZnAl-LDHs的制备和应用

本文总结了锌铝层状双金属氢氧化物(ZnAl-LDHs)的基本制备方法,重点介绍了插层组装和层板剥离方面的最新进展,并阐述了ZnAl-LDHs在催化、医药、阴离子吸附和功能高分子方面的应用。     

Fe3 O4@(TF-LDHs)纳米复合体的制备及药物缓释性能

采用共沉淀法, 以替加氟(Tegafur, TF)插层层状双金属氢氧化物(LDHs)纳米杂化物(TF-LDHs)包覆磁性基质Fe3O4, 得到了具有核/壳结构的纳米复合体[Fe3O4@(TF-LDHs)], 采用XRD, FTIR, TEM, VSM和元素分析等技术对样品的化学组成、 晶体结构\, 形貌及磁性等进行了表征, 探讨了药物分子在LDHs层间的存在状态, 考察了其药物释放行为. 结果表明, Fe3O4@(TF-LDHs)纳米复合体具有顺磁性, 其比饱和磁化强度随磁性基质含量的增大而增强; TF分子在LDHs层间以长轴略倾斜于LDHs层板的方式呈双层排布; Fe3O4@(TF-LDHs)纳米复合体具有明显的药物缓释性能, 其释放动力学过程符合准二级动力学方程, 颗粒内部扩散为释放过程的速率控制步骤.     

(羟基喜树碱@胆酸钠)-层状双金属氢氧化物纳米杂化物的组装及表征

采用“药物修饰-共组装”法制备了(羟基喜树碱@胆酸钠)-层状双金属氢氧化物纳米杂化物. 先用胆酸钠(SCL)包裹羟基喜树碱(HCPT)形成胶束, 再与微反应器制备的层状双氢氧化物(LDH)纳米片共组装形成纳米杂化物, 其载药量可达12.9%, 杂化物中HCPT以高生物活性的内酯形式存在. 采用聚乙二醇(PEG)和羧甲基纤维素(CMC)分别对所制备的(HCPT@SCL)-LDH纳米杂化物进行了表面修饰, 结果表明, 纳米杂化物的分散性得到明显改善; PEG的修饰效果优于CMC, 所获得的PEG-(HCPT@SCL)-LDH杂化物的平均粒径可小至约70 nm, 具有良好的分散性和药物缓释效果. 其药物释放过程可用准二级动力学方程描述, 颗粒内部扩散是药物释放过程的控制步骤.     

超分子结构姜黄素插层镁铝水滑石的组装、结构及缓释性能

以镁铝水滑石为主体, 以中药提取物姜黄素为客体, 由共沉淀法、离子交换法和焙烧复原法三种不同方法组装得到超分子结构复合材料——姜黄素插层镁铝水滑石. 并用XRD, IR, HPLC等手段对该材料进行了表征. 结果表明, 共沉淀法和离子交换法成功组装得到两种不同结构的姜黄素插层产物, 使材料的层间距扩大为0.82～1.36 nm, 层间客体姜黄素阴离子是以平行或者单层垂直的定位方向排列于层间的. 考察了该材料在不同pH值的磷酸盐缓冲溶液中的缓释性能, 其缓释历程为客体阴离子与介质中 的离子交换过程. 该研究指出了阴离子层状材料——水滑石在中药释释剂领域的应用潜力.     

Synthesis of Hybrid Organic-Inorganic Hydrotalcite-Like Materials Intercalated with Duplex Herbicides: The Characterization and Simultaneous Release Properties

In this study, a controlled-release formulation of duplex herbicides, namely, 2,4,5-trichlorophenoxybutyric acid (TBA) and 3,4-dichlorophenoxy-acetic acid (3,4D), was simultaneously embedded into Zn-Al-layered double hydroxides (LDHs). The resulting nanohybrid Zinc-Aluminium-3,4D-TBA (ZADTX) was composed of a well-ordered crystalline layered structure with increasing basal spacing from 8.9 Å to 20.0 Å in the Powder X-ray Diffraction (PXRD) with 3,4D and TBA anions located in the gallery of LDHs with bilayer arrangement. The release of 3,4D and TBA fit the pseudo-second-order model. This duplex nanohybrid possessed a well-controlled release property (53.4% release from TBA and 27.8% release from 3,4D), which was highly effective, requiring the use of a small quantity and, hence, environmentally safer.     

2-羟基-4-甲氧基二苯甲酮-5-磺酸插层水滑石的制备及性能(英文)

以层状镁铝双金属氢氧化物(MgAlLayeredDoubleHydroxides,Mg-AlLDHs)为主体,以有机紫外光稳定剂2-羟基-4-甲氧基二苯甲酮-5-磺酸(BP)为客体,结合焙烧复原法和阴离子交换法合成了具有超分子结构有机-无机插层复合物(MgAl-BPLDHs),研究了层间阴离子、反应介质、pH值、反应时间等因素对于插层材料超分子结构的影响。用FTIR、XRD、TG-DTA、UV-Vis和粒度分析对其不同尺度的结构、热稳定性和紫外光稳定性等进行表征。结果表明,采用阴离子交换法难以进行插层反应;通过焙烧复原法可显著降低MgAl-LDHs层间CO2-离子,从而有利于BP阴离子交换进入MgAl-LDHs层间,在去离子水中,水温100℃,pH=7,反应时间为48h,BP过饱和的条件下合成得到最高插层率的MgAl-BP-LDHs;主体水滑石层板与客体以静电力和氢键相互作用,得到的超分子结构材料具有良好的热稳定及兼具优异的紫外屏蔽、吸收性能,是一种新型的有机-无机复合光热稳定剂。     

2-羟基-4-甲氧基二苯甲酮-5-磺酸插层水滑石的制备及性能

以层状镁铝双金属氢氧化物（MgAl Layered Double Hydroxides,Mg-Al LDHs）为主体,以有机紫外光稳定剂2-羟基-4-甲氧基二苯甲酮-5-磺酸（BP）为客体,结合焙烧复原法和阴离子交换法合成了具有超分子结构有机-无机插层复合物（MgAl-BP-LDHs）,研究了层间阴离子、反应介质、pH值、反应时间等因素对于插层材料超分子结构的影响。用FTIR、XRD、TG-DTA、UV-Vis和粒度分析对其不同尺度的结构、热稳定性和紫外光稳定性等进行表征。结果表明,采用阴离子交换法难以进行插层反应;通过焙烧复原法可显著降低MgAl-LDHs层间CO₂^-离子,从而有利于BP阴离子交换进入MgAl-LDHs层间,在去离子水中,水温100℃,pH=7,反应时间为48 h,BP过饱和的条件下合成得到最高插层率的MgAl-BP-LDHs;主体水滑石层板与客体以静电力和氢键相互作用,得到的超分子结构材料具有良好的热稳定及兼具优异的紫外屏蔽、吸收性能,是一种新型的有机-无机复合光热稳定剂。     

Intercalation of Norfloxacin into Layered Double Hydroxides by Delamination/Restacking Process and its Controlled-Release Property

Norfloxacin (NFX)-layered double hydroxide (LDH) intercalated nanocomposite was synthesized by delamination/restacking process. In this method, LDH particles were first delaminated to well-dispersed two-dimensional nanosheets in formamide, and then the LDH nanosheets and NFX anions co-assembled into NFX-LDH nanocomposite. Characterization by powder x-ray diffraction, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, elemental analysis, and thermogravimetry revealed that the product had an expanded LDH structure. This finding indicated that NFX was successfully intercalated into LDH layers, and NFX had both horizontal and vertical orientation in the interlayers of NFX-LDH nanocomposite. Additionally, the delamination/restacking method displayed various remarkable advantages such as simple procedure, short reaction time, and mild conditions compared with the conventional methods of ion exchange, co-precipitation, and reconstruction. Results further showed that the thermal stability of NFX greatly improved after intercalation into LDH layers and that NFX release of the NFX-LDH nanocomposite was gradual, suggesting potential use as an effective drug delivery system.     

喜树碱插层的镁铝型层状双金属氢氧化物的合成及表征

采用共沉淀法把抗癌药物喜树碱（Camptothecin, CPT）插入层状双金属氢氧化物(layered double hydroxide, LDH)层间, 合成了CPT-LDH纳米杂化物。结果表明,在CPT-LDH纳米杂化物中,CPT在层间的排布方式有两种,即平行于层板的单层排列和垂直于层板的双层排列;缓释研究表明,CPT-LDH在pH 7.5的磷酸缓冲液中具有明显的缓释效果,其释放速率较相同pH值时CPT和LDH物理混合物的释放速率明显降低;考察了CPT-LDH的药物释放机理,在 pH 7.5的缓冲溶液中,释放过程受粒内扩散过程控制;CPT-LDH纳米杂化物的释放动力学符合准一级动力学过程。     

铝代α-Co（OH）2的制备及其电化学性能

采用化学共沉淀方法制备了Co-Al双金属氢氧化物,用红外光谱对所制样品的成分进行分析;用X射线衍射和场发射扫描电子显微镜表征产物的结构和形貌;用循环伏安、恒电流充放电等测试方法对Co/Al摩尔比为9∶1、8∶2和7∶3的铝代α-Co(OH)2的电化学性能进行研究。测试表明,Co/Al摩尔比为8∶2的铝代α-Co(OH)2具有最佳的电容性能,单电极比电容可达1180F/g,并且在1A/g电流密度下循环500周后,比电容仍能保持91%,有望成为电化学电容器的电极材料。     

The Effect of the Addition of Mg-Al LDH Intercalated with Dodecyl Sulfate on the Fire Retardancy Properties of Epoxy

Summary: Layered double hydroxides (LDH) are chemical compounds that can be added to polymeric resins to confer fire retardant characteristics. The focus of this work is to study the incorporation of LDH intercalated with dodecylsulfate anions into epoxy resins. The mechanical properties were investigated using tensile, flexural and impact mechanical tests. The flame-retardant properties were assessed using horizontal (UL 94 HB) and vertical burning (UL 94 V) tests. The highest tensile strength was obtained for the composite with 3 wt% of LDH, whereas the highest flexural strength was found by incorporating 1 wt% of LDH. All samples containing LDH showed self-extinguishing behavior in the vertical test and lower burning rate than pristine epoxy.     

Layered Double Hydroxides as Rising-Star Adsorbents for Water Purification: A Brief Discussion

Within the frame of this article, briefly but comprehensively, we present the existing knowledge, perspectives, and challenges for the utilization of Layered Double Hydroxides (LDHs) as adsorbents against a plethora of pollutants in aquatic matrixes. The use of LDHs as adsorbents was established by considering their significant physicochemical features, including their textural, structural, morphological, and chemical composition, as well as their method of synthesis, followed by their advantages and disadvantages as remediation media. The utilization of LDHs towards the adsorptive removal of dyes, metals, oxyanions, and emerging pollutants is critically reviewed, while all the reported kinds of interactions that gather the removal are collectively presented. Finally, future perspectives on the topic are discussed. It is expected that this discussion will encourage researchers in the area to seek new ideas for the design, development, and applications of novel LDHs-based nanomaterials as selective adsorbents, and hence to further explore the potential of their utilization also for analytic approaches to detect and monitor various pollutants.