P2O5和H2SO4射流脱除单重态氧气流中的水汽

为提高化学氧碘激光的性能,用五氧化二磷(P2O5)和硫酸(H2SO4)射流进行了单重态氧气流中的水汽脱除实验。实验结果表明：在约4 kPa压力、20 m/s流速和5 ms停留时间的气流状态下,P2O5和H2SO4射流可将水汽含量分别降低至原来的约1/5和1/16,发烟硫酸甚至可降至约原来的1/90,而且对单重态氧的猝灭很小。P2O5和H2SO4都是极佳的常温射流除水剂。     

冷射流方法脱除单重态氧气流中的水汽

为提高化学氧碘激光性能,分别使用-117 ℃乙醇、-110 ℃氟里昂和-45 ℃质量分数为50%过氧化氢冷射流进行单重态氧气流中的水汽脱除实验。实验结果表明:这3种冷射流的除水效果并不显著,乙醇基本上没有任何脱水效果,氟里昂和过氧化氢仅可以将水汽含量分别降低至原来的约1/5和1/4;乙醇和氟里昂因极易挥发而对气流产生严重干扰,并不适合用于除水;只有难挥发的过氧化氢才是合适的候选。     

冷射流方法脱除单重态氧气流中的水汽

为提高化学氧碘激光性能,分别使用-117 ℃乙醇、-110 ℃氟里昂和-45 ℃质量分数为50%过氧化氢冷射流进行单重态氧气流中的水汽脱除实验。实验结果表明：这3种冷射流的除水效果并不显著,乙醇基本上没有任何脱水效果,氟里昂和过氧化氢仅可以将水汽含量分别降低至原来的约1/5和1/4;乙醇和氟里昂因极易挥发而对气流产生严重干扰,并不适合用于除水;只有难挥发的过氧化氢才是合适的候选。     

氧碘化学激光器中转盘式单重态氧发生器研究

通过对单重态氧发生器（SOG）内的传质、传热及化学动力学过程的研究,提出高效SOG的设计原则,并研制出一台可用于高功率超音速氧碘化学激光器（COIL）的SOG, 其Cl2流量在0.6~1mol/s时,O2(1Δ)分压可达333.3~519.9Pa;O2(1Δ)浓度达到50%~68%;Cl2利用率大于90%;混合气中水蒸汽含量小于10%。     

氧碘化学激光器中转盘式单重态氧发生器研究

 通过对单重态氧发生器（SOG）内的传质、传热及化学动力学过程的研究，提出高效SOG的设计原则，并研制出一台可用于高功率超音速氧碘化学激光器（COIL）的SOG， 其Cl₂流量在0.6~1mol/s时，O₂(¹Δ)分压可达333.3~519.9Pa； O₂(¹Δ)浓度达到50%~68%；Cl₂利用率大于90%；混合气中水蒸汽含量小于10%。     

旋流喷雾式单重态氧发生器的气液分离初步研究

为解决气液分离问题,提出了粒径可控离心分离的设想,即通过某种雾化技术产生粒径可控的液滴,然后根据液滴的粒径确定气液分离所需要的离心力,在高速旋转的叶片所产生的离心力作用下液滴一边与气流发生反应一边完成气液分离。为验证这一思想,搭建了一台旋流喷雾式单重态氧发生器（TFA-SOG）,并通过计算流体力学模拟和实验对这台TFA-SOG进行了研究。研究结果表明,模拟的气液分离效率与实验的相一致,粒径可控离心分离的设想是可行的。     

射流式单重态氧发生器的工作稳定性实验

实验研究了BHP的化学稳定性以及射流式SOG稳定工作的判据,为射流式SOG的研究提供了实验依据。通过理论研究和实验数据的综合分析,给出了单排孔进气结构射流式单重态氧发生器稳定工作的判据vg/vj≤2。提高射流式SOG的BHP驱动压力,以提高射流的速度是提高Cl2摩尔流量也即单重态氧发生量的有效手段。     

射流式单重态氧发生器的工作稳定性实验

 实验研究了BHP的化学稳定性以及射流式SOG稳定工作的判据,为射流式SOG的研究提供了实验依据。通过理论研究和实验数据的综合分析,给出了单排孔进气结构射流式单重态氧发生器稳定工作的判据vg/vj≤2。提高射流式SOG的BHP驱动压力,以提高射流的速度是提高Cl₂摩尔流量也即单重态氧发生量的有效手段。     

射流式单重态氧发生器研究

单重态氧O2 (a1Δg)是迄今唯一能用纯化学反应高效产生的具有长寿命的亚稳激发态分子 .为了考察提出的用两个O2 (1Δ)能量汇集反应生成氧第二单重激发态O2 (b1Σ+ g)以实现近可见短波长化学激光方案的现实性 ,设计和实验了一个氯流量为 3～ 10mmol/s的射流式单重态氧发生器 (JSOG) .考察了三种具有不同孔径和孔数目的喷头、氯气流量和脱水冷阱温度等对JSOG出口的O2 (1Δ)浓度、O2 (1Δ)分压、氯利用率及水蒸气含量的影响 .发现用聚氯乙烯管作冷阱时 ,最佳冷阱介质温度为 - 140～ - 15 0℃ ,对此提出了O2 (1Δ)表面脱活与脱水互相竞争的解释 .在最佳条件下 ,可将O2 (1Δ)气中水分压降低至 4Pa ,这一结果是首次报导     

横向射流式单重态氧发生器的性能实验研究

对氧碘化学激光器的单重态氧发生器（SOG）进行了改进,采用横向射流方式,并对该横向射流式单重态氧发生器的性能进行了检测。实验中过氧化氢碱溶液温度控制在－16℃左右,氯气流量为530mmol/s,He与氯气的流量比为3;采用PS法测量单重态氧分子的产率,吸收法测量氯气的利用率和相对水含量。得出如下结论:在不使用冷阱和分离器的情况下,最高单重态氧分子产率达到58%, 氯气利用率在80%以上,相对水含量小于等于0.5;气体达到最大流量时,发生器仍然能稳定地工作。     

The Raman spectra and structure of pure vitreous P2O5

We report the polarized Raman spectra of pure anhydrous vitreous P₂O₅ and conclude that this glass is a 3-connected network in which each P atom is surrounded almost tetrahedrally by three bridging O atoms and one double-bonded O terminator. Vibrational calculations on an anchored fragment are used to determine atomic motions in the higher frequency modes; these calculations confirm that the dominant Raman modes involve in-phase compression of neighboring PO bonds.     

Li2SO4—Li2B2O4,Li2SO4—(NH4)2SO4赝二元系相图及离子导电性研究

本文用差热分析和X射线衍射方法对Li₂SO₄-Li₂B₂O₄和Li₂SO₄-[NH₄]₂SO₄两个赝二元系相图进行了研究。Li₂SO₄-Li₂B₂O₄是共晶体系,共晶温度为720℃ 关键词：     

H2O2氧化法制备Fe3O4纳米颗粒及与共沉淀法制备该样品的比较

在近中性条件下，利用H₂Ｏ₂氧化Fe(OH)2胶体成功制备了Fe₃ Ｏ₄纳米颗粒.分别利用透射电镜(TEM)，x射线衍射仪(XRD)，振动样品磁强计(VSM)和超导量子干涉仪（SQUI D）对样品的形貌，结构，宏观磁性进行了表征和测量.TEM图像表明样品为球形颗粒，直径 大小约18nm，且分布较均匀.XRD结果表明样品为立方尖晶石结构.穆斯堡尔谱测量表明样品 室温下对应两套六线谱，样品的晶体结构存在缺陷，内磁场略小于块体Fe₃Ｏ4的值. 宏观磁测量表明样品的饱和磁化强度可达67×10^-3A·m²/g，在20 K出现了Verw ey转变.选择该法制备的Fe₃Ｏ₄纳米颗粒与共沉淀法得到的样品作 了磁性比较.宏观磁 测量表明共沉淀法制备的样品在外磁场为1T时仍未饱和，磁化强度仅为46×10^-3A·m²/g，在178K出现了超顺磁转变温度，且在测量温度范围内没有发现Verwe y转变. 关键词： 亚铁磁 超顺磁 穆斯堡尔谱     

V4+ brownian motion in splat cooled amorphous V2O5 after water vapor adsorption

Splat cooling of molten V₂O₅ yields an amorphous oxide consisting of strongly entangled polymeric vanadium-oxygen chains. Upon hydration of this powder, a swelling process takes place and a Brownian motion of the fibres occurs. Vanadium pentoxide is usually non-stoichiometric and contains vanadium ions in a reduced oxidation state, namely V₄₊. These paramagnetic ions, which are part of the fibres constituents, can be used as spin probes to study the Brownian motion. X and Q band ESR spectra appear to be drastically modified when water is adsorbed on the powder at a given temperature. They have been analysed according to Kivelson's theory in the fast tumbling region between 293 and 373 K. An apparent activation energy of 3.8 kcal mole^-1 and a correlation time of about 10^?10 sec are observed. These results agree with the polymeric model proposed to explain the solubility of amorphous V₂O₅.     

Photoelectron spectra of As4S3, P4S3, P4Se3 and As4O6

The He(I) UV photoelectron spectra of As₄S₃, P₄S₃, P₄Se₃ and As₄O₆ are reported in this paper. The spectra of As₄S₃ and the isostructural molecules P₄S₃ and P₄Se₃ comprise seven broad but clearly defined peaks, whilst the spectrum of As₄O₆ consists of six peaks and two shoulders. By comparing the spectra with one another and with the photoelectron spectra of other arsenic and phosphorus compounds, the character and symmetry species of the highest-energy occupied molecular orbitals of the molecules have been assigned.     

Spectroscopic and laser properties of (Pr,La)P5O14 and (Pr,Y)P5O14 crystals

Systematic emission and absorption spectroscopic studies of Pr_xLa_1?xP₅O₁₄ (for x=1, 0.9, 0.8, 0.7, 0.5, 0.1) and Pr_xY_1?xP₅O₁₄ (for x=0.75 and 0.5) were performed at 300 and 77 K. The structure of Pr³⁺ energetic levels in pentaphosphates was determined for each concentration considered. Numerical values of the most important spectroscopic parameters — the emission cross section, fluorescence quantum yield and branching ratio — determining the laser properties of the compounds investigated, were evaluated. Also, the radiative lifetime and normalized quenching rate values were obtained. The results of the measurements complete the information about the laser properties of praseodymium pentaphosphates, which were reported in previous papers.     

Crystal structure and thermal behavior of two new organic monosulfates NH3(CH2)5NH3SO4 1.5H2O and NH3(CH2)9NH3SO4 H2O

The chemical preparation, the calorimetric studies and the crystal structure are given for two new organic sulfates NH₃(CH₂)₅NH₃SO₄ 1.5H₂O (DAP-S) and NH₃(CH₂)₉NH₃SO₄·H₂O (DAN-S). DAP-S is monoclinic P2₁/n with unit cell dimensions: a=11.9330(2) Å; b=10.9290(2) Å; c=17.5260(2) Å; β=101.873(1)°; V=2236.77(6) Å³; and Z=8. Its atomic arrangement is described as inorganic layers of units and water molecules separated by organic chains. DAN-S is monoclinic P2₁/c with unit cell parameters: a=5.768(2) Å; b=25.890(10) Å; c=11.177(5) Å; β=115.70(4)°; V=1504.0(11) Å³ and Z=4. Its structure exhibits infinite chains, parallel to the [100] direction where the organic cations are interconnected. In both structures a network of strong and weak hydrogen bonds connects the different components in the building of the crystal.