糖肽合成的新进展

本文综述了近年来在糖肽合成方面的研究进展, 主要包括三氯乙酰亚胺酯法, 缩水内醚糖法, 酶合成法, 固相合成法及酶与固相结合法。分析了不同的离去基团和不同的保护基策略对糖肽合成的影响。     

固相有机合成

综述了近年来固相有机合成中采用的连接分子和连接策略及固相合成在有机合成中的应用。     

有机硅连接体在固相有机合成中的应用

固相合成方法具有传统液相反应无可比拟的优越性,已被越来越多的化学家认可.反应物与高分子支持体的连接则是固相合成中的重要环节,连接体在其中扮演着重要的角色.近20多年来发展起来的有机硅连接体基本满足了理想连接体的要求,具有广阔的应用发展前景.本文从直接法和间接法两方面综述了26年来具有代表性的多种有机硅连接体的设计、制备及其在固相有机合成中的应用.     

糖肽的固相合成

综述了固相法合成糖肽的最新进展，论述了合成策略和所用聚合物载体，这是一种很有前途的合成糖肽的方法，参考文献４２篇。     

载体固相反应在多氮化合物合成中的应用

介绍了在载体固相反应中常用的固相载体以及多氮化合物的载体固相合成。参考文献10篇。     

Sansalvamide A固相合成新方法

报道了Pd催化丁基二乙基硅烷树脂与N-Boc-4-溴代苯丙氨酸甲酯直接反应形成Si—Ar键一步构建出硅基连接分子的新方法, 并采用Boc策略增长肽链, 以PyBOP (benzotriazole-1-yl-oxy-tris-pyrrolidino-phosphonium hexafluoro- phosphate)为环合剂固相合成了sansalvamide A.     

过渡金属磷钼钒酸盐纳米微粒的固相合成

多金属氧酸盐;固相反应;Keggin结构;过渡金属磷钼钒酸盐纳米微粒的固相合成     

金属氧化物硫化物纳米材料的低温固相合成*

本文介绍了具有独特的物理、化学性质的金属氧化物和硫化物纳米材料的低温固相合成方法,重点阐述了金属氧化物和硫化物纳米材料的低温固相制备方法的路线、反应类型、常用表征测试方法、光电磁性能研究及低温固相反应机理等方面内容,并列举了各种实例。低温固相合成方法在制备金属氧化物、硫化物纳米材料方面具有操作简便、成本低、污染小等优点,可望用于纳米材料的大规模生产。     

功能基化聚合物作为高分子试剂在固相有机合成中的应用研究

本文讨论了作者近年在制备功能基化聚合物方面的新方法,所制得的功能基化聚合物和工业离子交换树脂作为高分子载体,试剂和相转移催化剂在固相有机合成中的应用性能,以及功能基结构,反应介质,温度对固相合成反应的影响。     

使用新型芳基硼酸酯保护基高效合成双环肽BI-32169

芳基硼酸酯作为一种新型的多肽固相合成保护基,相比较烯丙基等传统保护基具有脱除条件简便、高效以及脱保护试剂绿色环保等优势.采用标准9-芴甲氧羰基（Fmoc）固相合成策略,通过固相环合方法,以芳基硼酸酯作为Asp侧链保护基成功首次合成具有独特双环结构的人胰高血糖素受体多肽类抑制剂BI-32169.该方法合成效率高,操作简便,能够为其他类似环肽的化学全合成提供参考.     

Combinatorial synthesis of MUC1 glycopeptides: polymer blotting facilitates chemical and enzymatic synthesis of highly complicated mucin glycopeptides

The chemoselective polymer blotting method allows for rapid and efficient synthesis of glycopeptides based on a "catch and release" strategy between solid-phase and water-soluble polymer supports. We have developed a heterobifunctional linker sensitive to glutamic acid specific protease (BLase). The general procedure consists of five steps, namely (i) the solid-phase synthesis of glycopeptide containing BLase sensitive linker, (ii) subsequent deprotections and the release of the glycopeptide from the resin, (iii) chemoselective blotting of the glycopeptide intermediates in the presence of water-soluble polymers with oxylamino functional groups, (iv) sugar elongations using glycosyltransferases, and (v) the release of target glycopeptides from the polymer platform by selective BLase promoted hydrolysis. The combined use of the solid-phase chemical syntheses of peptides and the enzymatic syntheses of carbohydrates on water-soluble polymers would greatly contribute to the production of complicated glycopeptide libraries, thereby enhancing applicative research. We report here a high-throughput synthetic system for the various types of MUC1 glycopeptides exhibiting a variety of sugar moieties. It is our belief that this concept will become part of the entrenched repertoire for the synthesis of biologically important glycopeptides on the basis of glycosyltransferase reactions in automated and combinatorial syntheses.     

The (2-phenyl-2-trimethylsilyl)ethyl-(PTMSEL)-linker in the synthesis of glycopeptide partial structures of complex cell surface glycoproteins

The (2-phenyl-2-trimethylsilyl)ethyl-(PTMSEL) linker represents a novel fluoride-sensitive anchor for the solid-phase synthesis of protected peptides and glycopeptides. Its cleavage is achieved under almost neutral conditions using tetrabutylammonium fluoride trihydrate in dichloromethane thus allowing the construction of complex molecules sensitive to basic and acidic media commonly required for the cleavage of standard linker systems. The advantages of the PTMSEL linker are demonstrated in the synthesis of glycopeptides from the liver intestine (LI)-cadherin and the mucin MUC1, bearing carbohydrate moieties such as N-linked chitobiose or O-linked sialyl-T(N)-residues. The synthesis of these types of glycopeptides is difficult because they are prone to secondary structure formation during the synthesis on the solid phase as well as in the completely deprotected form. Using the PTMSEL linker these molecules are accessible by automated synthesis according to the Fmoc strategy without frequently observed side reactions such as aspartimide or diketopiperazine formation.     

基于Fmoc策略的O-磷酸化多肽化学合成研究

以Fmoc-策略固相合成方法为基础,以亚磷酰胺为磷酸化试剂,分别以总体磷酸化法和单体磷酸化法合成了多种磷肽、修饰磷肽及其对应的非磷酸化多肽,并以乙腈/水/0.06%三氟乙酸为洗脱体系,用HPLC对磷肽和多肽进行分离.肽链的长度增加,总体法的磷酸化效率降低;这种基于Fmoc-策略的单体磷酸化法目前只适用于含酪氨酸磷肽的合成.     

Solid-Phase Synthesis of N-Aryl Succinimides

A new method upon adopting a solid-phase strategy for synthesis of N-aryl succinimides is described here, using the silica-bound benzoyl chloride (SBBC) as dehydrating agent in reaction with N-arylsuccinamic acids. The main advantage of this method is the recyclability of SBBC.     

与癌症相关的糖类抗原Globo-H六糖的全合成进展

Globo-H作为一种和乳腺癌、前列腺癌相关的复杂糖类抗原,其发现为糖类疫苗开发和癌症免疫治疗带来了机遇,但如何高效、高纯地获得合成糖类抗原,以供研究和临床应用,也向寡糖合成方法学提出了挑战.综述了1995年Danishefsky首次以糖烯组装策略全合成Globo-H以来的各种新方法,如:Schmidt的三氯乙酰亚胺酯法、Boons的双向糖苷化法、Wong的基于糖基给体活性差异的一锅煮策略、Seeberger的液相线性合成和固相自动组装法、Huang的多组份反复预活化一锅煮法和最新报道的酶法.就糖合成方法学而言,硫苷法依旧可称为"明星方法",糖烯、三氯乙酰亚胺酯和氟代糖也普遍采用,磷酸酯糖基给体在固相合成中的应用正显示出其新的活力.这些方法代表了当今糖化学的水平和发展趋势.     

An efficient protocol for the solid-phase synthesis of glycopeptides under microwave irradiation

A standardized and smooth protocol for solid-phase glycopeptides synthesis under microwave irradiation was developed. Double activation system was proved to allow for highly efficient coupling of Tn-Ser/Thr and bulky core 2-Ser/Thr derivatives. Versatility and robustness of the present strategy was demonstrated by constructing a Mucine-1 (MUC1) fragment and glycosylated fragments of tau protein. The success of this approach relies on the combination of microwave energy, a resin consisting totally of polyethylene glycol, a low excess of sugar amino acid and the "double activation" method.     

A novel sensitive analytical method for the simultaneous analysis of vancomycin and teicoplanin in human urine via single high-performance liquid chromatography coupled with photodiode array and mass spectrometry in series

Analysis of vancomycin and teicoplanin in biological fluids is vital since they are used in the treatment of hospital infections. For the determination of both glycopeptides in urine, a sensitive and accurate analytical method using high-performance liquid chromatography coupled with photodiode array and mass spectrometry was developed and validated. This research work is the first attempt to develop a chromatographic method for the determination of two glycopeptides with structural similarities. Moreover, the used non-invasive sampling method is an advantage of this research effort, especially when the blood sampling is difficult. Urine was treated with acetonitrile and 5% trichloroacetic acid, followed by solid-phase extraction. The chromatographic separation was established at a C18 column (4.6 × 150 mm, 5 μm), using a gradient method and an electrospray ionization source in a positive mode. The linearity of the method was R²≥ 0.9900. The precision was estimated with a maximum coefficient of variation below 15%, while the accuracy ranged from 64 to 121%. The limit of detection and quantification of both glycopeptides ranged from 0.076 up to 0.33 mg/L and 0.33 up to 2.1 mg/L, respectively, showing the same sensitivity as the triple quadrupole mass spectrometry, which is the most frequently used method.     

Solid-Phase Synthesis of Nitrogen-Containing Five-Membered Heterocycles

In recent decades, a large number of reports related to solid-phase synthesis of heterocycles have appeared, owing to the wide variety of their biological activity. This review introduces the key concepts of solid-phase methodology and combinatorial synthesis with particular focus on the important role of solid-phase synthesis in the synthesis of nitrogen-containing five-membered ring heterocycles.     

Recent progress in the solid-phase synthesis of glycopeptide

The recent understanding of the biological role of glycoproteins has brought about a demand for the highly homogeneous glycopeptides as the functional model for glycoproteins. Thus, much efforts have been made to establish easy and efficient method for glycopeptide synthesis. In this paper, we briefly review the recent advances in the synthesis of O- and N-linked glycopeptide based on the solid-phase method. In O-glycopeptide section, the preparation of glycosylated amino acid units with mucin type and other O-linked carbohydrate chains and their use for solid-phase synthesis are summarized. Other approaches, such as the glycosylation of resin bound peptide are also overviewed. In N-glycopeptide section, the synthesis using glycosylated amino acid units as well as other methods are described.