铈对多孔锂铝合金阳极的影响

研究了含多孔锂铝合金阳极的制备方法,讨论了对多孔锂铝合金阳极物理机械性能的影响,测试了含铈多孔锂铝合金阳极的充放电性能。实验结果显示,,采用ＮａＣｌ为成孔物质以１００－１５０ＭＰａ压力成型和５５０－５７０℃温度烧结,可以获得性能理想的多孔孔铝;以多孔铝为基体,用电化学方法合成的含０．５％－１．５％铈多孔β－锂铝合金阳极具有理想的充放电性能。     

铈对锂在铝电极上电极过程的影响

利用循环钛安法和计时电流法研究了在铈在铝电极上的电极过程和铈对锂在铝电极上电有过程的影响。铈不仅改善了锂铝合金的电化学性能，而且改进了铝基体材料的物理性能。为制备锂铝合金阳极提供了依据。     

铈、锂盐对铝阳极氧化膜的协同封闭作用

研究了铈、锂盐在铝阳极氧化膜封闭处理中的协同作用.场发射扫描电镜和X射线衍射谱对铈、锂盐协同封闭前后铝阳极氧化膜形貌和结构的研究结果表明，封闭后膜表面的孔洞消失，封闭产物分布均匀，封闭后膜仍然以非晶态形式存在.根据X射线光电子能谱的结果，封闭后的膜主要由含结晶水的Al2O3及铈、锂的混合氢氧化物组成，同时膜中还含有及封闭溶液组分中的一些阴离子.电化学阻抗谱的研究结果表明铈、锂盐协同封闭能够显著提高膜的耐蚀性能.在实验结果基础上，初步认为铈、锂盐封闭是通过生成结构紧密的封闭产物填充、覆盖膜孔，从而显著提高铝阳极氧化膜的耐蚀性能.     

添加铈对铅钙合金在硫酸溶液中电化学性能的影响

为了改善铅钙合金的耐腐蚀性能和提高铅蓄电池的循环寿命, 应用交流阻抗, 阳极极化曲线, 交流伏安, 恒流腐蚀等方法研究了在铅钙锡铝合金中添加铈对合金电化学性能的影响. 研究结果表明: 铈能提高合金的耐腐蚀能力, 添加铈使合金腐蚀膜的阻抗明显降低, 有利于缓解早期容量损失(PCL-1)现象, 实验电池的循环寿命也明显延长. 因此掺铈铅钙合金是一种性能优良的阀控式铅酸电池正极板栅合金材料.     

杂质及铈作用下铝锂合金的应力集中敏感性

建立了评价铝锂合金应力集中敏感性的缺口敏感因子,通过测定薄板法拉伸性能,求出了不同元素及杂质含量的铝锂合金缺口敏感因子,Fe,Si,Na,K杂质均明显地增加2090及8090合金的应力集中敏感性,铈能够在一定程度上降低具有较高强度水平的合金应力集中敏感性,但在塑性水平较高的1420合金中,铈添加量超过一定限度后,反而会显著提高材料的应力集中敏感性,相对于普通铝合金,铝锂合金的应力集中敏感性一般处于较高水平,这个问题在此对类合金的实际研究中应给予充分注意。     

铅基稀土合金作为正极板栅的阳极膜性能

采用交流阻抗（EIS)、交流伏安（ACV）、循环伏安(CV)、腐蚀失重实验等方法研究了铅-钙-锡-铝-银合金中添加混合镧铈稀土在硫酸溶液中的阳极行为。 实验结果表明,混合镧铈稀土的添加能有效抑制阳极Pb(Ⅱ)膜的生长,降低Pb电极表面生成的Pb(Ⅱ)膜氧化膜电化学反应阻抗,改善阳极膜的导电性。 增强合金的耐腐蚀性能,并且增加析氧的过电位,抑制氧气的析出,降低电池的早期容量损失。 混合镧铈稀土的添加有利于提高电池的深循环寿命。 当镧铈混合稀土质量分数为0.5％时,各方面综合性能更优,效果更好。     

碳酸酯类电解液中Mg(NO3)2添加剂抑制锂枝晶生长的研究

在锂-硫化聚丙烯腈电池体系中,负极锂枝晶的形成和生长严重恶化了电池充放电性能,并给电池带来了安全隐患。而在更有利于稳定正极硫化聚丙烯腈材料的碳酸酯类电解液中,锂枝晶生长尤为严重。本文通过将硝酸镁添加到碳酸酯类电解液中,研究硝酸根和镁离子对锂金属表面改性的共同作用。实验数据发现,在硝酸根和镁离子共同作用下,锂枝晶生长被有效抑制。当硝酸镁浓度为100 mmol·L^-1时,锂铜半电池的库仑效率明显提高,并显著改善了锂-硫化聚丙烯腈电池的循环性能。300次循环后容量保持率为71%,远高于硝酸锂的61%和无添加剂的50%。     

稀土元素对2090铝锂合金疲劳短裂纹门槛值的影响

测出２０９０铝锂合金的ΔＫｔｈ～Δａｔｈ，ΔＫｃｌ．ｔｈ～Δａｔｈ等曲线，并选用７０７５铝合金作对比试验，定量地评定了该合金疲劳短裂纹扩展抗力，探明了基短裂纹效应强的本质原因。同时，研究了稀土元素铈的影响。结果表明，在２０９０铝锂合金中添加微量铈，可较大提出其Δｋｉ，也有益于其ΔＫＣｌ．ｔｈ，因此，不仅消除了该合金疲劳短裂纹扩展抗力低的本质因素，还使其疲劳长裂纹扩展抗力进一步提高。     

水性黏结剂海藻酸钠和果胶酸钠对锂离子电池石墨负极电化学性能的影响

利用循环伏安和恒电流充放电测试,结合扫描电镜观测,研究了水性黏结剂海藻酸钠和果胶酸钠对石墨负极电化学性能的影响.结果表明,石墨负极在这两种黏结剂中均可以进行有效的嵌锂脱锂循环,且电化学循环性能较好,50次循环后可逆比容量损失不超过5%.两种水性黏结剂在改善石墨电极的嵌脱锂循环性能方面具有较好的发展前景.     

稀土对锌铝合金镀层作用机理的研究

研究了镧、铈混合稀土对锌铝合金镀层结构及性能的影响。性能检测证实,添加稀土的锌铝合金镀层具有优异的附着力、塑性和加工成型性。经化学分析和微观测试,确定了稀土在镀层中的数量、存在形式及分布,从而初步探讨了稀土对改善镀层外观及性能的作用机理。     

定量的复合金属锂作为三维泡沫锂电极用于锂电池的研究

金属锂作为电池的负极材料具有极高的比容量和极低的氧化还原电位,能够显著提升电池的能量密度。然而,金属锂负极在实际应用中所面临的主要问题是锂枝晶、界面副反应和电极体积变化大的难题。在本文中,我们提出了一种通过将定量的金属锂与三维骨架进行复合形成三维泡沫锂负极的策略,并利用三维泡沫锂来抑制锂枝晶的生长和缓解电极的体积变化。因此,三维泡沫锂电极有利于金属锂负极的高效利用,并能借助其与平面锂箔相比更高的比表面积和更多的反应位点来提升电池的倍率性能。因此,通过采用三维泡沫锂,对称电池的循环寿命和倍率性能都得到了有效的提升。EIS数据结果表明,三维泡沫锂能够减小对称电池的电荷转移阻抗。而且,将三维泡沫锂作为负极组装的LTO全电池,与锂箔作为负极相比,循环1000周平均放电比容量从65 mAh·g^-1提升至121 mAh·g^-1。     

二次锂离子电池正极活性材料—LiCoO_2制备研究进展

本文简单对比了高温相 LiCoO2和低温相 LiCoO2的结构和电化学性能的差别，详细介绍了 LiCoO2的各种合成方法并评述了不同合成方法、反应条件对 LiCoO2结构、形貌及电化学性能的影响，并提出了今后研究的方向。     

Selectivity of a Lithium‐Recovery Process Based on LiFePO4

The demand for lithium will increase in the near future to 713,000 tonnes per year. Although lake brines contribute to 80% of the production, existing methods for purification of lithium from this source are expensive, slow, and inefficient. A novel electrochemical process with low energy consumption and the ability to increase the purity of a brine solution to close to 98% with a single‐stage galvanostatic cycle is presented.     

Electrochemically fabricated polypyrrole-cobalt-oxygen coordination complex as high-performance lithium-storage materials

Current lithium-ion battery (LIB) technologies are all based on inorganic electrode materials, though organic materials have been used as electrodes for years. Disadvantages such as limited thermal stability and low specific capacity hinder their applications. On the other hand, the transition metal oxides that provide high lithium-storage capacity by way of electrochemical conversion reaction suffer from poor cycling stability. Here we report a novel high-performance, organic, lithium-storage material, a polypyrrole-cobalt-oxygen (PPy-Co-O) coordination complex, with high lithium-storage capacity and excellent cycling stability. Extended X-ray absorption fine structure and Raman spectroscopy and other physical and electrochemical characterizations demonstrate that this coordination complex can be electrochemically fabricated by cycling PPy-coated Co(3)O(4) between 0.0 V and 3.0 V versus Li(+)/Li. Density functional theory (DFT) calculations indicate that each cobalt atom coordinates with two nitrogen atoms within the PPy-Co coordination layer and the layers are connected with oxygen atoms between them. Coordination weakens the C-H bonds on PPy and makes the complex a novel lithium-storage material with high capacity and high cycling stability.     

Formation and Thermal Decomposition of Gallium Oxynitride Compounds

The formation of a previously unknown crystalline phase was observed in the system Li–Ga–N–O. During the reactions of Ga₂O₃ with Li₃N and of LiGaO₂ with Li₃N, a new compound with the stoichiometry Li₄GaNO₂ was formed. The stages in thermal decomposition of the new phase were determined. This revised version was published online in July 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date.     

Electrochemistry of a lithium electrode in lithium polysulfide solutions

The effect of lithium polysulfides on the cycling of a lithium electrode and the corrosion rate of lithium cathodic deposits in sulfolane electrolytes is studied. Lithium polysulfides are found to affect the shape of polarization curves, the overpotential of electrode processes, and the cycling time. The presence of lithium polysulfides in electrolyte systems increases the cycling time of a lithium electrode and positively affects the quality of lithium cathodic deposits. A suggested reason for the positive effect of lithium polysulfides is the appearance of a surface film on metallic lithium: this film has quite high protective properties but does not inhibit electrochemical processes.     

Formation and Thermal Decomposition of Indium Oxynitride Compounds

During the reactions of lithium oxide with indium nitride, lithium nitride with indium oxide, and lithium nitride with lithium indate LiInO2, the formation of a previously unknown crystalline phase, of composition Li4InNO2, was observed. The course of thermal decomposition of the new compound was determined. This revised version was published online in July 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date.     

全自动电位滴定法测定锂电池原料碳酸锂中主成分的含量

采用全自动电位滴定法测定锂电池原料碳酸锂中主成分的含量,用盐酸标准溶液进行滴定,考虑自动电位滴定仪的灵敏性和准确度,通过多次对比实验,确定了仪器的最佳工作参数、滴定剂浓度和样品称样量等滴定条件;对两个不同品位试样分别进行了11次平行测定,相对标准偏差(RSD)均小于1％.在碳酸锂试样中加入基准物质无水碳酸钠进行碳酸根的...     

A Liquid/Liquid Electrolyte Interface that Inhibits Corrosion and Dendrite Growth of Lithium in Lithium‐Metal Batteries

A proof‐of‐concept study on a liquid/liquid (L/L) two‐phase electrolyte interface is reported by using the polarity difference of solvent for the protection of Li‐metal anode with long‐term operation over 2000 h. The L/L electrolyte interface constructed by non‐polar fluorosilicane (PFTOS) and conventionally polar dimethyl sulfoxide solvents can block direct contact between conventional electrolyte and Li anode, and consequently their side reactions can be significantly eliminated. Moreover, the homogeneous Li‐ion flow and Li‐mass deposition can be realized by the formation of a thin and uniform solid‐electrolyte interphase (SEI) composed of LiF, Li_xC, Li_xSiO_y between PFTOS and Li anode, as well as the super‐wettability state of PFTOS to Li anode, resulting in the suppression of Li dendrite formation. The cycling stability in a lithium–oxygen battery as a model is improved 4 times with the L/L electrolyte interface.