THE EFFECT OF MIXED MICELLES OF SURFACTANTS ON THE ALKALINE HYDROLYSIS OF ESTERS

The alkaline hydrolysis of aromatic and normal aliphatic acid esters have been studied at 25°C In mixed micellar solution of surfactants (Brij35—SDS, Brij35 — DTAB, Brij35—TTAB.Brij35-CTAB. Triton X—100 —CTAB, Triton X— 100 —SDS) with UV spectrophotometry and the method of thermokinetics The critical mice liar concentrations of the corresponding systems have also been measured with UV spectrophotometry in this paper. K_jnln micellar pseudo-phase has been calculated- The ratios of ki.to ki.for all mixed micellar systems Investigated are less than 1. The results indicate that these reactions are inhibited by the mixed micelles and the mixed micelles exhibit a greater effect of Inhibition on the reactions than those do In corresponding single ones. The reason for this is that the micropolarity of the compact Stern layer of mixed micelle is lower, and the micro viscidity Is higher. The Inhibition effect! also depend on the hydrophobic chain length of the surfactants and the hydrophobicity of the substrate.     

模拟热谱曲线法（Ⅰ）——简单级数化学反应

提出模拟各种简单级数化学反应的普适热谱曲线方程△＝ａｔｅ＾－ｋβｔ，建立了一种新的热动力学研究法－－模拟热谱曲线法，导出了简单级数化学反应的动力学参数Ｋｎ和速率常数ｋｎ的计算式。实验说明该方法对研究慢反应及较快的反应均适用，还能用于求热动力学体系的冷却常数。     

表面活性剂复配混合胶束对酯碱性水解反应的影响

应用紫外分光光度法和热动力学法研究了芳香酸酯和正脂肪酸乙酯在表面活性剂复配事胶束（ＳＤＳ－Ｂ３５，ＤＴＡＢ－Ｂｒｉｊ－３５，ＴＴａｂ－Ｂｒｉｊ３５，ＣＴＡＢ－Ｂｒｉｊ３５，ＣＢＡＢ－Ｔｒｉｔｏｎ Ｘ－１００，ＳＤＳ－Ｔｒｉｔｏｎ Ｘ－１００）中的碱性水解反应，复配胶束对酯的碱性水解反应起禁阻作用，其禁阻作用比单一胶束的禁阻作用强，并讨论了复配胶束对酯碱解起禁阻作用的原因。     

THE EFFECT OF SURFACTANT MICELLES ON THE ALKALINE HYDROLYSIS OF DIMETHYLFORMAMIDE

The alkaline hydrolysis of dimethylformamide has been studied at 40'C in micellar solutions of single surfactant (CTAB. SDS. Brij 35) with the analog thermoanalytical curve method of thermokinetics. A kinetic equation of micellar catalysis under the condition of highter reactant concentration than micellar concentration ([S]>[M]) has been derived from the pseudophase model of micellar catalysis and some relative assumptions, The kinetic parameters. k_m, k_2mand the association constant of reactant with micelle K₁, have been calculated in this way. the results indicate that these surfactant micelles exhibit catalytic effect on the reaction. This is attributed to the micropolarity and local concentration effect of micelles.     

THE EFFECTS OF MIXED MICELLES OF SURFACTANTS ON POLYMERIZATION OF ACRYLAMIDE

The polymerization of acrylamide in mixed micellar solutions of surfactants, initiated by NaHSO₃ has been studied at 20 and 3Q° C with time variable method of thermokinetics for 1. 5-order reaction. The results indicate that the mixed micellar systems of cationic or anionic with zwitterionic surfactants (SLS/ CTAB, SLS/ TTAB, SLS/ SDS) and cationic with nonionic surfactants (Brij 357sol; CTAB, Bri-J35/TTAB, Brij35/ DTAB) have catalytic effect on the polymerization in the order, at 20° C. SLS/ SDS SLS/ TTAB SLS/ CTAB Brij35/ CTAB at 30° C SLS/ SDS SLS/ TTAB≈ / CTAB Bri-j35/ DTAB= sBrij35/ TTAB as Brij35/ CTAB, while Brij35/ SDS mixed micellar system has inhibition. These effects are attributed to the effect of the Stern layer of mixed micelles on the step of initiator (HSOT) to form free radical.     

THE EFFECT OF SLNGLE AND MIXED MICELLES OF SURFACTANTS ON POLYMERIZATION OF ACRYLAMIDE

Acrylamide is conveniendy polymerized in aqueous solution lo a water soluble polymer. The measurements of kinetic parameters of polymerization of acrylamide, in aqueous and micellar solution, have been earned out by conduction calorimeter. The polymerization is initiated by sodium sulfite and sulfite-persulfate redox system. The effect of initiator and monomer concentration as well as temperature and surfactants on polymerization rale constant has been investigated. The analog thermogram method has been employed to calculate the rate constants. The activation energy is calculated from Arrhenius relationship and molecular weights are determined by viscometry. Rate equations have been derived and reaction mechanism hove been suggested. The rate of reaction is found to increase with temperature and monomer concentration.     

氨基吡啶树脂的合成及其对贵金属离子的吸附性

合成了三种氨基吡啶树脂(APR)。功能基含量3.22—3.71mmol-NH-C_5H_4N/gAPR,吸附容量614.8—665mg Au(Ⅲ)/gAPR。摩尔络合比Au(Ⅲ)/-NH-C_5H_4N=1.0,Pt(Ⅳ)/-NH-C_5H_4N=0.48。选择吸附性Pt(Ⅳ)>Au(Ⅲ)>Cd~(2+)>Zn~(2+)>Pd(Ⅱ)>Mn~(2+)、Cu(2+)、Fe~(3+).吸附的Au(Ⅲ)可用2％硫脲水溶液定量地洗脱,再生的4-APR可重复使用。氨基吡啶树脂有应用开发前景。