Synthesis and Evaluation of Some Schiff Base Surfactants for Treating Crude Oil Emulsions

Water soluble nonionic surfactants based on Schiff base monomers were prepared by their etherification with β,^` β- dichlorodiethylether and PEG 400 in presence of NaOH. The surface properties of the prepared surfactants were determined by measuring the surface tension at different temperatures. The prepared nonionic surfactants were evaluated as demulsifiers for synthetic water in crude-oil emulsions that were pronounced at different ratios of crude oil: water at 45°C and 60°C. The experimental results showed that the dehydration rate of the prepared demulsifiers reached 90% and 100% at some concentrations.     

Demulsification Efficiency of Some New Demulsifiers Based on 1,3,5-Triethanolhexahydro-1,3,5-triazine

This study mainly concentrates on the synthesis of three novel demulsifiers and the investigation of their demulsification efficiency. The demulsifiers were derived from 1,3,5-triethanolhexahydro-1,3,5-triazine, which was prepared by the reaction of monoethanol amine with formaldehyde. The 1,3,5-triethanolhexahydro-1,3,5-triazine was ethoxylated by introducing 20 units of ethylene oxide and then esterified at different molar ratios with oleic acid (1, 2, and 3) to give three demulsifiers, namely, E₂₀TO, E₂₀TO₂, and E₂₀TO₃. The chemical structures of the prepared demulsifiers were confirmed by ¹H NMR and FTIR spectrum. The demulsification efficiency of these demulsifiers was tested on the natural water-in-oil (w/o) emulsions (50% water content). From the obtained results, it has been found that the investigated demulsifiers have a great potential to break the w/o emulsions. The trioleat ester (E₂₀TO₃) exhibited the maximum demulsification efficiency (96%) after 120 minutes at 55°C.     

含席夫碱的噻吩两亲分子表面活性剂的合成

在氯化亚砜存在下,2,5-二甲酸噻吩与甲醇反应得到2,5-二甲酸甲酯噻吩(1),1与水合肼反应得对应的噻吩酰肼(2),2再与辛酮缩合得到含席夫碱的噻吩两亲分子表面活性剂,其结构经1H NMR,IR和元素分析确认。     

Synthesis and Evaluation of New Demulsifiers Incorporating Linear Alkyl Benzene Moiety for Treating Water-in-Oil Emulsion

In the present study, five types of water soluble demulsifiers based on linear alkyl benzene were prepared. The chemical structures of the prepared demulsifiers were elucidated using Fourier transform-infrared (FTIR) and ¹H NMR spectra. Different factors affecting demulsification efficiency such as; water content, demulsifier concentration, hydrophilic lipophilic balance (HLB), and ethylene oxide unit were investigated. Also, the rheological properties in relation to demulsification efficiency were studied. The surface and thermodynamic parameters of the prepared demulsifiers were determined at 25°C including, surface tension (γ) and effectiveness, maximum surface excess (Γ_max), and minimum surface area (A_min). From the obtained data, it was found that the demulsification efficiency increases with increasing the water content and concentration of the demulsifiers. Primarily evaluation study of demulsification performance of the new demulsifiers showed that as the ethylene oxide unit in the demulsifiers increase (10–40 ethylene oxide units), the performance of the demulsifiers increasing, however, it decrease in case of demulsifiers with (80 ethylene oxide unit).     

一个具有铁电性质的手性西佛碱

1,1,1,5,5,5-六氟戊烷-2,4-二酮和(1S,2S)-(--)-1,2-环己二胺反应可得到一个手性西佛碱 (1Z,4Z)-2,4-二（三氟甲基)-5a,6,7,8,9,9a-六氢-3H-benzo[b][1,4]diazepine (1).荧光分析表明当激发光波长为437 nm时,化合物发射波长在488 nm。晶体学分析该化合物属于具有铁电行为的非中心空间群C2,实验得到的铁电电滞回线证实了这个西佛碱具有典型的铁电性,剩余极化强度为0.01 μC/cm2,矫顽场强为0.27 kV/cm。     

新型席夫碱大环化合物的合成

利用Mn^2＋, Ba^2＋作为模板离子, 由邻苯二胺和α,ω-二(3'-羟基-4'-甲酰苯氧基)取代烷[即1,4-二(3'-羟基-4'-甲酰苯氧基)丁烷、1,6-二(3'-羟基-4'-甲酰苯氧基)己烷、1,8-二(3'-羟基-4'-甲酰苯氧基)辛烷]反应分别合成了系列新型大环席夫碱化合物Lⁿ (n＝4, 6, 8). Mn^2＋用于L⁴合成, 并在洗涤时自动解络; L⁶和L⁸的合成以Ba^2＋模板, L⁶和L⁸的Ba^2＋配合物经与Na₂SO₄水溶液反应解络, 得到自由大环配体L⁶和L⁸. 上述新型大环席夫碱化合物采用元素分析, ¹H NMR, IR, 紫外-可见光谱和MS等进行组成和结构表征.     

Electrocoagulation of Crude Oil From Oil-In-Water Emulsions Using a Rectangular Cell with a Horizontal Aluminium Wire Gauze Anode

Separation of crude oil from oil-in-water emulsions in a square batch electrocoagulation cell, using an aluminum screen as the sacrificial anode was studied, the cathode was a rectangular aluminum plate placed on the cell bottom below the anode. The oil separation efficiency was insensitive to the sodium chloride electrolyte concentration. Increasing current density increased the rate of oil separation from the emulsion. Also it was found that increasing the number of screens per stack at the same current intensity, does not affect the efficiency of oil separation. The removal doesn't depend on the initial pH in the range of pH ～3?8.     

Novel Bio-Based Amphiphilic Ionic Liquids for the Efficient Demulsification of Heavy Crude Oil Emulsions

In the last few decades, there has been an increasing trend for the usage of natural products and their derivatives as green and renewable oil-filed chemicals. Use of these compounds or their derivatives contributes to reducing the use of traditional chemicals, and enhances green chemistry principles. Curcumin (CRC) is one of the most popular natural products and is widely available. The green character, antioxidant action, and low cost of CRC prompt its use in several applications. In the present study, Curcumin was used to synthesize two new amphiphilic ionic liquids (AILs) by reacting with 1,3-propanesultone or bromoacetic acid to produce corresponding sulfonic and carboxylic acids, CRC-PS and CRC-BA, respectively. Following this, the formed CRC-PS and CRC-BA were allowed to react with 12-(2-hydroxyethyl)-15-(4-nonylphenoxy)-3,6,9-trioxa-12-azapentadecane-1,14-diol (HNTA) to form corresponding AILs, GCP-IL and GRB-IL, respectively. The chemical structures, surface tension, interfacial tension, and relative solubility number (RSN) of the synthesized AILs were investigated. The efficiency of GCP-IL and GRB-IL to demulsify water in heavy crude oil (W/O) emulsions was also investigated, where we observed that both GCP-IL and GRB-IL served as high-efficiency demulsifiers and the efficiency increased with a decreased ratio of water in W/O emulsion. Moreover, the data showed an increased efficiency of these AILs with an increased concentration. Among the two AILs, under testing conditions, GCP-IL exhibited a higher efficiency, shorter demulsification time, and cleaner demulsified water.     

水溶性高负责担载二茂铁希夫碱与DNA的作用

利用荧光探针技术和凝胶电泳等分析方法，对水溶性高分子聚丙烯酸-N-乙烯 基吡咯烷酮和聚甲基丙烯酸-N-乙烯基吡咯烷酮担载的二茂铁希夫碱与DNA的作用进 行了初步研究。实验结果表明：所合成的高分子二茂铁希夫碱在同DNA作用时存在 有静电作用和嵌入模式，由于水性基团的引入和高分子链的协同效应，促进了配合 物同DNA的这种作用．     

微量热法研究Schiff碱药物的抗菌作用

微量热法研究Ｓｃｈｉｆｆ碱药物的抗菌作用冯英，刘义，谢昌礼，屈松生，乐芝凤，冯长建，沈昊宇，张香才（武汉大学化学系武汉４３００７２）（华中师范大学化学系武汉）关键词Ｓｃｈｉｆｆ碱药物，微量热法，产气杆菌Ｓｃｈｉｆｆ碱及其金属配合物具有抗病毒抗菌等生物...     

一种制备Schiff碱的新型方法

介绍了一种制备Schiff碱的新型方法——超音速气流固相法,其原理是在超音速气流下使芳醛和芳胺在反应器中摩擦活化,再通过撞击固定靶产生迅速的能量交换而发生化学反应.利用该方法成功制备了两种对氨基苯甲酸类Schiff碱,采用DTA对其反应进行了定性分析,并用IR、MS、1HNMR表征产物的结构,实验结果显示该方法制备Schiff碱无需溶剂,操作简单,反应时间短,转化率高.     

Syntheses and Structures of Two New Schiff Base Metal Complexes

1 INTRODUCTION Schiff base ligands have been studied for a longtime due to the instant and enduring popularity fromtheir easy synthesis and versatility complexes. Theyplay an important role in the development of coor-dination chemistry as well as inorganic biochemistry,catalysis, optical materials and so on[1, . Consider- 2]able attention has been focused on the syntheses andstructures of copper(II) and nickle(II) complexes.The nickel complexes with multidentate Schiff baseligands have …     

Experimental Investigation on Yield Stress of Water-in-Heavy Crude Oil Emulsions in Order to Improve Pipeline Flow

An experimental study on yield stress of water-in-heavy crude oil emulsions has been carried out by using a HAAKE RS6000 Rheometer with a vane-type rotor. Several factors such as oil volume fraction, shear rate, temperature, and emulsifying agent on the yield stress of emulsions were investigated. Zero shear viscosity of heavy crude oil was 6000 mPas at 30°C, with a density 955 kg/m³. This study shows that the yield stress increases linearly with the increasing shear rate, and displays an exponential decay with increasing the temperature and oil volume fraction. Although the addition of emulsifying agent enhanced the stability of the emulsion, to some extent it also increased the yield stress, especially for the emulsions with high oil volume fractions. Therefore, to reduce the start-up force for the pipeline transport of water-in-heavy crude oil emulsions, the starting rate should be decreased, temperature increased, or oil volume fraction increased. These results are helpful to improve the transportation of water-in-heavy crude oil in pipeline.      

Janus Emulsions of Bixa Orellana Oil

Janus emulsions of the oil from the Bixa orellana (BO) nut, silicone oil (SO), and an aqueous solution of Tween 80 were prepared by intense mixing and optical microscopy images were obtained of the drops. The results showed the expected disordered emulsion of large SO drops with a number of attached smaller drops of the vegetable oil, whose images were transformed to regular Janus drops by the shear, when the cover glass was applied. The drops with a large BO/SO volume ratio did not immediately form well-defined and topologically equal Janus drops due to kinetic factors. The microscopy image was used to evaluate the correct angles and radii by a mathematical rotation to form an image with a straight-line contact line.     

席夫碱及其络合物的可逆热致变色材料

对具有可逆的热致变色的席夫碱及其络合物的分类、合成、变色机理以及发展前景等进行了回顾和探讨。     

Efficient,Convenient and Mild Three Component Template Preparation and Characterization of Some New Schiff Base Complexes

A few kinds of novel Schiff base complexes have been prepared by three component reaction of the substituted hydroxyacetophenone with several aliphatic diamines and transition metals such as; Ni(II), Zn(II) and UO₂(II) under mild reaction conditions. The products have been afforded with excellent yields and appropriate reaction times. The structure of these ligands has been characterized by their IR, ¹H NMR, ¹³C NMR and MS spectral and physical data.     

Characterization of Crude Oil Equivalent Alkane Carbon Number (EACN) for Surfactant Flooding Design

Equivalent alkane carbon number (EACN) of crude oil reflects the hydrophobicity of the crude oils, thus it would be helpful to estimate the EACN of crude oil before fine tuning the surfactant selection for enhanced oil recovery field application. In this study, we used the titration methodology to quantify the EACN values for several crude oil samples retrieved from the targeted mature oil fields. The results showed that the method of using extended surfactant was simpler but reliable to determine the EACN of crude oils. The resulting EACN for these crude oils was found to be in the range of 6.0–11.3.     

Synthesis and Characterizations of New Ferrocenyl Schiff Base with NLO Responses

IntroductionThereisconsiderableinterestinmaterialswithNLO(nonlinearoptics)propertiesinthepasttenyears"2.lthasstatedthattheuseoforganometalliccompoundswithNLOhasawidefanofadvantages'thatmakethemappropriateinthefieldofnonlinearoptics.ItispossibletobeusedaspromisingmateriaIbecauseofstabilityofferrocenylcomplexestoheatandoptics.Recently,K.R.J.Thomaset.al4haveinvestigatednewferrocenebaseddonor-acceptorcomplexescontainingthiopheneandfuranintheconjugationchain.Inthesecase,theimportanceofthepush-…     

香豆素基Schiff碱类化合物的合成及抗氧化性能

以2,3,4-三甲氧基苯甲醛为原料,经脱甲基、Knoevenagel缩合、亲核加成等反应合成了2个香豆素基Schiff碱类化合物,其结构经核磁共振谱(¹H NMR))和质谱(MS)确证。 并采用淬灭二苯代苦味肼基自由基(DPPH)、2,2'-联氮双(3-乙基苯并噻唑啉-6-磺酸)二铵盐(ABTS)和羟自由基等方法对其体外抗氧化性能进行了表征。 结果表明,目标化合物对3种自由基均具有一定的淬灭活性,其中对DPPH和羟自由基的淬灭活性高于母体化合物7,8-二甲氧基-3-氨基香豆素,具有较高的抗氧化活性。     

Syntheses of Novel Flavones Containing Schiff Base Moiety

Introduction Flavones and their derivatives existing in naturae are commonly contained in plants. The members of the flavone class show a wide variety of biological activities, such as anti-inflammatory[1], antimicrobial[2] and antitumor activities[3]. Schiff bases have been intensively investigated due to their antibacterial activity and antitumor property[4,5].