共查询到20条相似文献,搜索用时 15 毫秒
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Wen-Yen Chiu Min-Chun Tsai Chen-Chong Lin 《Journal of Dispersion Science and Technology》2013,34(3-4):267-282
A mathematical model of particle size distribution in continuous emulsion polymerization which accounts for the free radical desorption from polymer particles is presented. The desorption rate is based on the diffusion theories which suggest the rate coefficient should be inversely proportional to the surface area of the polymer particles. The number density and total particle number are estimated by our model. The average number of radicals per particle approaches Smith-Ewart case II In the range of large particle sizes. A means for predicting the nature of average desorption rate is proposed, and it seems to be influenced by concentrations of emulsifier and initiator, and residence times as well 相似文献
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在阳离子乳化剂的存在下八甲基环四硅氧烷的乳液聚合 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
研究了八甲基环四硅氧烷(D_4)在十二烷基二甲基苄基卤化铵及碱存在下乳液聚合的反应机理。聚合分二步进行:D_4先开环生成具有端羟基的聚二甲基硅氧烷,然后再缩合。反应终点有二个平衡反应;不同分子量的羟基封头的聚二甲基硅氧烷的平衡,以及羟基封头的线型聚硅氧烷和环硅氧烷的平衡。平衡时羟基封头的聚硅氧烷的量为87%并提出了主要反应位置是在胶束表面并逐渐转移到随后形成的聚合物颗粒表面,单体液滴是次要反应区。 相似文献
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Che-I Kao Do Ik Lee E. F. Stevens 《Journal of Dispersion Science and Technology》2013,34(3-4):283-299
Kinetics of seeded emulsion polymerization of styrene at 90°C was studied, n calculated using both Rp = kpCnN/NA and n - (a/4) (I0(a)/I1(a)) agreed very well with each other and indicated a significant gel effect even under relatively monomer-rich conditions. However, significant deviation of n values occurred in starved runs with slower monomer addition. Under these conditions, diffusion of monomer through the polymer matrix became rate limiting. A monomer-rich shell as the main polymerization site was deduced from the rate data and the thickness of the shell was estimated 相似文献
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Lian-yingLiu Zhi-xingZhang Wan-taiYang 《高分子科学》2005,(2):219-225
Photoinitiated inverse emulsion polymerization of sodium acrylate (AANa) in kerosene was carded out at room or lower temperature, using 2,2-dimethoxy-2-phenylacetophenone (DMPA) as the initiator. Kinetic investigations indicated that the polymerization could be completed in about 30 min and produce polymer with high molecular weight (10^6-10^7). It was found that monomer droplets are the main sites for the polymerization (nucleation). With the increase of DMPA concentration, polymerization rate (Rp) reaches a maximum value while molecular weight of the produced polymer has an adverse result, but the dependence of Rp on incident light intensity is similar. Influences of other parameters such as monomer concentration, emulsifier content and reaction temperature, etc. were also studied. At lower pH values of water phase, Rp depends strongly on the pH due to the electrostatic interaction between the ionized radicals and the monomer. At higher pH, Rp shows a slight dependence on pH. 相似文献
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以十二烷基硫酸钠(SDS)为乳化剂,采用多步种子乳液聚合方法制备了核/壳结构乳液,研究了乳化剂加入量以及加料速率对核壳乳液聚合的影响,并推导了核及壳乳液聚合阶段所需乳化剂量的计算公式.研究表明,当种子、核、壳乳液聚合阶段单体量分别为12g、50g和50g,种子乳液聚合阶段加入的乳化剂量为0.44g时,控制核、壳乳液聚合阶段乳化剂的加入量分别在0.64~2.07g及0.04~2.12g之间,且预乳化单体的滴加速度低于2.3g/min时,可以防止二次成核及新乳胶粒子的形成,制得粒径分布窄、核/壳结构明显的乳胶粒子.利用透射电镜(TEM)对所制备的核壳结构乳胶粒子的结构形态进行了验证,试验结果与理论预测结果一致. 相似文献
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J.W. Vanderhoff F.V. DiStefano M.S. El-Aasser R. O'Leary O.M. Shaffer D.L. Visioli 《Journal of Dispersion Science and Technology》2013,34(3-4):323-363
Inverse emulsion polymerization confers the benefits of emulsion polymerization kinetics — rapid polymerization rates combined with high polymer molecular weights — on water-soluble polymers, particularly polyacrylamide and its copolymers and derivatives, and allows easy dissolution of the polymer in water by inversion of the latex. The mechanism and kinetics of the inverse emulsion polymerization of acrylamide in o-xylene containing Tetronic 1102 emulslfier and benzoyl peroxide initiator are described, particularly the formation of 10-200nm multiple emulsion droplets resulting from the particulate emulsifier, and their effect on the polymerization process 相似文献
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Radiation-induced emulsion polymerization of styrene in soap-free system has beenstudied and the monodisperse polystyrene lattices were obtained. Both its purity and emulsionconversion are better than that of chemically initiated polymers. 相似文献
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八甲基环四硅氧烷阴离子乳液聚合反应的研究 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
研究了八甲基环四硅氧烷(D_4)在十二烷基本磺酸(DBSA)及其钠盐(Na-DBSA)作用下的阴离子乳液聚合反应,讨论了温度、乳化剂和催化剂用量对反应速度及聚合物分子量的影响。认为该聚合反应包括D_4的水解开环、D_4和羟基硅氧烷的加成及羟基硅氧烷之间的缩合三类基本反应,乳液颗粒表面是主要反应区。 相似文献
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含树枝状大分子PAMAM的苯乙烯乳液聚合 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
将树枝状大分子PAMAM (4 5代 )作为种子 ,以苯乙烯为代表性单体进行乳液聚合 .研究结果表明 ,加入树枝状大分子PAMAM时 ,所制得的聚合物乳液粒子平均粒径在 30~ 5 0nm之间 ,小于 10 0nm ,且大小分布均匀 ;所制备的聚合物在 16 70cm- 1 左右处出现酰胺的特征吸收峰 ,在 330 0cm- 1 左右处出现N—H伸缩振动特征峰 ;说明树枝状大分子PAMAM起到种子的作用 ,所制备的聚合物含树枝状大分子PAMAM . 相似文献
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乳液聚合法制备亚微米级分子印迹聚合物微球 总被引:10,自引:0,他引:10
以西咪替丁为印迹分子,2-丙烯酰胺-2-甲基丙磺酸(AMPS)为功能单体,三羟甲基丙烷三甲基丙烯酸甲酯(TRIM)为交联剂,采用乳液聚合法制备了亚微米级分子印迹聚合物微球.利用扫描电镜对此聚合物微球的形貌进行了观察,探讨了影响乳液稳定性、粒径大小与分布的主要因素,重点对聚合工艺和配方进行了优化,并将所得的聚合物用作吸附剂研究了其分子识别与选择性能.研究表明,乳液聚合法能够制得单分散性较好的、平均粒径在0.169μm~0.407μm的分子印迹聚合物微球,且该微球对其印迹分子呈现出较好的特异识别与选择性能,当以苯丙氨酸为竞争分子时,分离因子可达1.70. 相似文献
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乳液共聚反应过程与聚合物结构关系及13C-NMR对聚合物结构的表征 总被引:2,自引:1,他引:2
用间歇法和半连续法进行了丙烯酸丁酯(BuA)与醋酸乙烯酯(VAc)乳液共聚合.13C-NMR对共聚产物分子结构测试表明,在间歇法共聚合中随着反应进行其组成及结构发生很大变化,而半连续法确能制得成份及结构均匀一致的P(BuA-VAc)共聚物.由于BuA水溶性小于VAc,而其竟聚率远大于VAc,间歇法共聚合反应初期只有少量VAc参加共聚合.通过对间歇法共聚合中不同反应时间聚合物的13C-NMR测试,表明反应初期聚合的VAc以单链节或二元序列形式存在于主要由BuA单元构成的分子链中,而并未形成较长VAc链段.对上述试样玻璃化转变温度的测试结果与13C-NMR实验结果颇为一致. 相似文献
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以丙烯酸(AA)为第一配体、邻菲罗啉(Phen)为第二配体、Eu3+为中心离子,合成了一种可聚合的稀土铕配合物.以配合物单体、甲基丙烯酸甲酯、丙烯酰胺和对苯乙烯磺酸钠为共聚单体,通过无皂乳液聚合的方法,制备了含铕荧光共聚物乳液.采用红外光谱对共聚物的结构进行了表征,并探讨了配合物单体含量对共聚物乳液性能的影响.透射电子显微镜(TEM)和激光光散射粒度仪(PCS)测试结果表明,共聚物乳液形成了相对均一的球状结构,但随着配合物单体含量增加,共聚物微球粒径逐渐增大、分散性变差.采用荧光分光光度计测试了共聚物乳液的荧光性能,在594和619 nm处出现Eu3+的特征发射光谱,且荧光强度随着配合物单体含量增加而增强. 相似文献
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乳液共聚反应过程与聚合物结构关系及~(13)C-NMR对聚合物结构的表征 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
用间歇法和半连续法进行了丙烯酸丁酯(BuA)与醋酸乙烯酯(VAc)乳液共聚合.13C-NMR对共聚产物分子结构测试表明,在间歇法共聚合中随着反应进行其组成及结构发生很大变化,而半连续法确能制得成份及结构均匀一致的P(BuA-VAc)共聚物.由于BuA水溶性小于VAc,而其竟聚率远大于VAc,间歇法共聚合反应初期只有少量VAc参加共聚合.通过对间歇法共聚合中不同反应时间聚合物的13C-NMR测试,表明反应初期聚合的VAc以单链节或二元序列形式存在于主要由BuA单元构成的分子链中,而并未形成较长VAc链段.对上述试样玻璃化转变温度的测试结果与13C-NMR实验结果颇为一致. 相似文献