水与非水体系层状液晶稳定性的研究

水体系层状液晶已有较长的研究历史,非水层状液晶则是近年来才得发展.本文以层状液晶的相行为和~2H NMR测量,研究以极性有机物甘油代替水为溶剂后,对十二烷基硫酸钠/正癸醇/溶剂体系层状液晶稳定性的影响。1 实验试剂C_(12)H_(25)SO_4Na(SDS),正癸醇(C_(10)H_(21)OH,简为C_(10)OH),甘油(简为Gly)均同文献,水为二次蒸馏水.氚代物SDS_(-d25)和C_(10)OH_(-d21)均出自Cambridge Isotopes. 层状液晶单相区域的确定和~2H NMR测量见文献[92].     

金属蒸气法制备聚合物固载双金属催化剂———Pd-Cu催化剂的价态,分散度与活性

利用金属蒸气法制备了三种不同金属重量比的树脂固载及活性炭负载Ｐｄ Ｃｕ双金属催化剂．透射电镜（ＴＥＭ）和Ｘ 射线衍射（ＸＲＤ）测定结果表明催化剂中Ｐｄ Ｃｕ已形成合金．合金粒度极小，平均直径小于５ｎｍ．树脂固载催化剂金属粒度远小于活性炭负载催化剂的金属粒度．Ｘ 射线光电子能谱（ＸＰＳ）结果表明Ｐｄ和Ｃｕ均以零价态存在．在４ 甲基 ３ 戊烯 ２ 酮加氢反应中，树脂固载催化剂的活性和选择性均高于相应的活性炭负载催化剂     

树脂吸附法制备固定化乳糖酶及其操作稳定性的研究

利用树脂吸附并结合包埋与交联的方法进行微生物胞外乳糖酶的固定化。固定化乳糖酶体现了良好的操作稳定性。以5%乳糖溶液为底物,分批反应11次后,乳糖水解率仍保持85%以上;在填充床反应器中进行连续水解乳糖实验,反应62天后,乳糖水解率保持在80%。     

非水溶剂水热法制备CeO2纳米粉

本文以甲酸为反应介质,采用非水溶剂水热法制备了CeO2纳米粉,XRD分析结果表明产物为萤石结构的立方相CeO2,TEM分析结果表明产物颗粒呈球形,粒径分布范围很窄,IR和XRS分析结果表明产物中无水,甲酸,NO3^-吸附;同时采用光声光谱对CeO2纳米粉的量子尺寸效应进行了研究。     

非水层状液晶的稳定性与相行为

水体系层状液晶已研究较久,非水层状液晶则是近十年来才得到发展。本文以层状液晶的相行为和~2H NMR测量,研究并比较了非水层状液晶十二烷基硫酸钠/正癸醇溶剂以甘油或甲酰胺为溶剂时体系的结构与稳定性。 表面活性剂十二烷基硫酸钠(BDH,简写SDS)经无水乙醇重结晶两次提纯。用铂环法测     

金属离子水化学-溶胶凝胶法制备固体催化材料的化学基础

简要介绍了作为溶胶凝胶法制备固体催化材料的化学基础的金属离子水化学进展.     

PREPARATION OF BISPHENOL A EPOXY RESIN WATERBORNE DISPERSIONS BY THE PHASE INVERSION EMULSIFICATION TECHNIQUE*

The phase inversion emulsification technique (PIET) is an effective physical method for preparing waterbornedispersions of polymer resins. Some results concerning the preparation of bisphenol A epoxy resin waterborne dispersions byPIET in our laboratory were summarized. Electrical properties, rheological behavior and morphological evolution duringphase inversion progress were systematically characterized. The effects of the emulsifier concentration and emulsificationtemperature on phase inversion progress and the structural features of the waterborne particles were studied as well. Thedeformation and break up of water drops in a shear field were analyzed in terms of micro-rheology, while the interaction andcoalescence dynamics of water drops were discussed in terms of DLVO theory and Smoluchowski effective collision theory,respectively. Based on the experimental results and theoretical analysis, a physical model of phase inversion progress wassuggested, by which the effects of the parameters on phase inversion progress and the structural features of the waterborneparticles were interpreted and predicted.     

CATALYTIC PROPERTIES OF POLYMER-STABILIZED COLLOIDAL METAL NANOPARTICLES SYNTHESIZED BY MICROWAVE IRRADIATION

Catalytic properties of polymer-stabilized colloidal metal nanoparticles synthesized by microwave irradiation were studied in the selective hydrogenation of unsaturated aldehydes, o-chloronitrobenzene and the hydrogenation of alkenes. The results show that nanosized metal particles synthesized by microwave irradiation have similar catalytic performance in selective hydrogenation of unsaturated aldehydes, better selectivity to o-chloroaniline in hydrogenation of o-chloronitrobenzene and higher catalytic activities in hydrogenation of alkenes, compared with metal clusters prepared by conventional heating. The same apparent activation energy (Ea = 29 kJ mol^-1) for hydrogenation of 1-heptene catalyzed with platinum nanoparticles prepared by both heating modes implied that the reaction followed the same mechanism.     

STUDY ON THE INTERACTION BETWEEN POLYVINYLPYRROLIDONE AND PLATINUM METALS DURING THE FORMATION OF THE COLLOIDAL METAL NANOPARTICLES

Several PVP-stabilized colloidal platinum metals nanoparticles have been synthesized and characterized by FTIR and TEM.Comparing with the pure PVP,carbonyl groups of PVP in the mixture of PVP and the metal precursors or in the PVP-stabilized metal nanoparticles have obvious peak shifts in FTIR spectra.The peak shifts reveal the interaction between PVP and the metal species.The interaction between PVP and metal precursors has effect on the formation of the colloidal metal nanoparticles.Strength of the int...     

用MO-CVD技术制备金属氧化物薄膜及其光电化学行为

有机金属化学汽相沉积(MO-CVD)技术是一种新型薄膜材料制备技术,它优于目前通常采用的一般CVD和物理方法^[1]。主要优点:采用金属有机化合物为物质源,选择的范围比较大,其中含有易断裂的M-C键,易发生气相热分解氧化反应,成膜温度比较低,反应副产物仅有易挥发的碳氢化合物,使成膜环境无污染,易获得优质膜。因该技术是化学成膜,排除了物理方法中固有的不易控制化学计量的问题,易获得优质膜层。     

RANDOM COPOLYMER OF PROPYLENE OXIDE AND ETHYLENE OXIDE PREPARED BY DOUBLE METAL CYANIDE COMPLEX CATALYST

Copolymerization of propylene oxide (PO) and ethylene oxide (EO) using double metal cyanide (DMC) complexas the catalyst was carried out. The structure of random copolymers was confirmed by ~(13)C-NMR and IR spectra. ~1H-NMRanalysis shows that the EO content in the copolymer is the same as that in the initial monomer feed. Moderate molecularweight copolymers with various EO content were obtained and their values of molecular weigh distribution (MWD) fell inthe range of 1.21-1.55. It was found that the molecular weight of copolymers is controlled by the mass ratio of EO + PO toinitiator moles used. The reaction rate as well as polymer yield decrease with increasing EO content in the feed composition.     

金属和半导体纳米微粒薄膜的制备

由于金属、半导体纳米微粒在光物理、光化学、光催化等方面具有突出的性能,因此如何将金属、半导体纳米微粒通过某些方式构建成某些薄膜材料,对实现纳米微粒在分子器件和光电器件方面的应用具有重要的意义.本文以制备方法为主线,介绍了几种构建金属、半导体纳米微粒薄膜的基本方法,对其中一些重要的问题进行了比较详细的讨论.     

DMF和DMSO配位的金属十聚钨酸盐在非水溶剂中光致变色性质的研究

研究了某些DMF和DMSO配位的金属十聚钨酸盐在 3 种有机溶剂中的光致变色性质,通过ESR、NMR和可见吸收光谱的研究及对五价钨的测定,说明了光致变色性质的产生与金属阳离子无关,而取决于十聚钨酸根W₁₀O₃₂^4-、金属离子的配体及所采用溶剂。     

三价铀的制备和稳定性研究

在盐酸和硫酸介质中,研究了汞阴极电解还原和液态Zn-Hg齐还原制备U(Ⅲ)的实验方法,比较了不同介质、酸度、铀浓度和电解时间对U(Ⅲ)还原率的影响,获得了用电解法定量还原制备U(Ⅲ)的最佳条件。经对U(Ⅲ)在空气和氮气中稳定性的测定,得出U(Ⅲ)在空气中的氧化速率呈一级反应。     

研究螯合萃取和协同萃取机理的两相滳定法

本文用严格而简洁的方法导出用两相滴定法研究螯合萃取和协同萃取机理的理论公式。用两相滴定法研究了1-苯基-3-甲基-4-苯甲酰基吡唑啉酮-5(HPZL)的苯溶液对锌离子的萃取机理以及HPZL和TBP(磷酸三丁酯)的苯溶液对锌离子的协同萃取机理,证明这个方法得到的结果是可靠的。对两相滴定法的优缺点和适用范围进行了讨论。     

EVALUATING THE STABILITY AND REACTIVITY OF A LIGHT-SENSITIVE PROBE BY ENZYME ANALYSIS

Abstract— Enzymes can provide well defined functional targets for determining the availability and reaction characteristics of light sensitive probes. Trypsin and chymotrypsin are inhibited by flash photolysis with a photoprobe, 4-fluoro-3-nitrophenylazide (FNPA). Inhibition is competitive in the dark, and non-competitive (irreversible) following photolysis of the FNPA enzyme solution. Photoinactivation is dependent upon the concentration of FNPA, the flash rate, and the time of photolysis. The enzymes can be protected from photolytic inactivation with FNPA if photolysis is carried out in the presence of 2,4-dinitrophenol or 4-fluoro-3-nitroaniline which compete with FNPA for binding sites. The photo-probe is effective over a wide pH range (i.e. pH 2–11), and provides a sensitive tool for probing conformational and charge adjustments which increase or decrease the affinity of the binding site. Chymotrypsinogen was also sensitive to photolysis, indicating that FNPA binding sites are present in the zymogen structure.     

质量分率电导率法研究几种不同渣油的胶体稳定性

测定了中东常压渣油、中东减压渣油、大庆减压渣油和中东减压渣油正庚烷可溶质在用正庚烷稀释过程中的电导率，并计算得到了不同正庚烷稀释比例时的质量分率电导率，将质量分率电导率出现最大值时的（正庚烷/渣油）比值定义为渣油胶体稳定参数。用该方法研究不同渣油的胶体稳定性，对以上几种油品的研究结果与各油品的饱和分、芳香分、胶质、沥青质组分（SARA）组成所能反映的体系的稳定性是相一致的。     

不同添加物和制备方式对Al2O3热稳定性的影响

通过水溶液成胶和丙三醇络事助成胶制备了不同的结构的γ－Ａｌ２Ｏ３,研究了Ｌａ,Ｓｉ,Ｂａ以及Ｌａ,Ｓｉ和Ｌａ,Ｂａ双组分改性对它们结构热稳定的作用,讨论了改性元素的引入方式及硅铝比的影响。结果表明,丙三醇络合助成胶能明显提高Ａｌ２Ｏ３的比表面积和孔径,并能显著改善Ａｌ２Ｏ３的热稳定性。