INS／ESGM／Doppler组合导航系统中的联合Kalman滤波方法

在INS/ESGM/Doppler组合导航系统集中Kalamnihan滤波器的基础上,进一步建立了该组合导航系统的联合Kalman滤波器结构和滤波算法,并讨论了该滤波器的容错性及简化形式。数字仿真的结果表明,本文所设计的联合Kalman滤波器与集中Kalman滤波器相比,其滤波精度基本一致,而滤波器的解算速度更快,容错性能更好。     

INS/ESGM组合导航系统的多模型自适应滤波技术研究

研究了一种随机系统多模型自适应估计的方法，并将此方法应用于INS／ESGM组合导航系统。通过数字仿真将单一模型的INS／ESGM组合导航系统与多模型的INS／ESGM组合导航系统的性能进行了详细比较，说明将多模型自适应估计理论应用于INS／ESGM组合导航系统，可增强系统对环境的适用性，大大提高组合导航系统的精度。     

INS/ESGM组合系统导航数据处理技术研究

本文建立了INS和ESGM的误差方程,在此基础上,实现了INS/ESGM组合系统导航过程的卡尔曼滤波器设计.仿真试验表明,本文所设计的滤波器实际可行,利用该滤波器INS/ESGM组合系统能够给出高精度的位置、姿态及速度信息.     

基于不同局部模型的联合滤波算法研究

从组合导航系统研究的角度出发，提出了一种基于不同局部模型的联合滤波算法，并对INS/GPS/Doppler组合导航系统进行了仿真。结果表明：该算法不要求局部模型一致，增强了系统的通用性，提高了运算速度。     

静电陀螺监控器对航天器定轨精度影响分析

航天测量船与陆基测控站在对航天器进行轨道跟踪测量中存在很大区别,陆基测控站是定点测控,定轨精度完全取决于无线电设备自身精度,而测量船是海基动态测控,定轨精度除受无线电设备自身精度影响,更大程度上受制于惯性导航系统(INS)提供的船姿船位(航向、船摇、位置)数据精度。测量船为提高船姿船位数据精度,使用了静电陀螺监控器(ESGM)与惯性导航设备(INS)、全球卫星导航系统(GNSS)相结合的组合导航系统。结合INS/ESGM/GNSS工作原理和测量船航天器定轨中船姿船位数据源的选择,将船姿船位数据精度对测量船定轨精度的影响进行了仿真,并通过无线电设备实测数据的事后数据处理对仿真结果进行了验证。研究结果表明,ESGM能够在很大程度上提高测量船航天器的定轨精度。     

基于新息速率抗差估计的INS/GNSS组合导航系统欺骗检测算法

在INS/GNSS组合导航系统中常采用基于新息的欺骗检测算法.针对现有算法对同步式欺骗干扰的检测时间较长、漏警率和误警率较高的问题,提出了一种基于新息速率抗差估计的INS/GNSS组合导航系统欺骗检测算法.该算法将Kalman滤波估计得到的新息速率作为检测量来判断是否存在欺骗干扰,并利用抗差估计削弱欺骗干扰对新息序列的...     

适合于航空应用的INS/CNS/Doppler组合导航系统研究

针对无阻尼惯导系统的误差特点,设计了适合航空应用的惯性(INS)/天文(CNS)/Doppler组合导航系统,建立了该组合导航系统卡尔曼滤波模型。仿真试验表明,该组合导航系统能为飞行体提供精确的导航信息。     

基于递推最小二乘估计的CNS/INS组合导航系统初始对准

针对CNS/INS组合导航系统中缩短初始对准时间的问题,设计了一种CNS/INS组合导航系统组合对准新方法。在CNS/INS姿态四元数组合算法的基础上,推导CNS/INS组合系统线性化状态方程,分析了INS和CNS姿态四元数差值构建量测方程。利用递推最小二乘原理实现了对该组合系统的信息融合,设计了基于该估计原理的组合导航系统初始对准方法,考虑到大气层内动基座条件下对于星敏感器造成的干扰因素增加了加权处理环节,最后通过仿真实验验证了递推加权最小二乘法在处理组合导航系统初始对准中的有效性。仿真结果表明在微晃基座条件下,与传统的滤波方法相比较该估计方法能够有效地缩短约25%的对准时间。     

低成本车载GPS/INS组合导航姿态角更新算法

低成本INS系统的元件误差严重影响INS导航精度.针对车载系统,提出一种低成本车载GPS/INS组合导航姿态角更新算法.首先在GPS/INS组合导航Kalman滤波方程基础上,给出两种姿态角更新的观测方程.然后给出利用GPS测速确定航向角的原理,并且对低成本车载INS系统的俯仰角和翻滚角进行了分析,指出由INS随机误差造成的俯仰角和翻滚角误差比其本身量值要大,建议令俯仰角和翻滚角数值保持不变.利用实测算例确定了不同速度下的航向角精度,并且验证了该算法的有效性,以及相对于基于位置、速度组合的Kalman滤波,导航精度有明显提高.     

降阶扩展卡尔曼滤波算法在船用INS/GPS组合导航系统中的应用

TNNS(真航向导航系统)由MS860接收机、INS及处理数据的PC/104架构的嵌入式工控机构成。针对TNNS推导了INS(惯性导航系统)的误差模型,提出了适合于TNNS的降阶扩展卡尔曼滤波算法组合GPS和INS。系统在东海作了三次海试,软件及滤波算法平台由C/C 编制。海上试验表明,组合滤波后,INS的位置误差由100m降低到40m以下;进行最优化滤波后的航向误差σ由原来的0.105°减小为0.034°,纵横摇的误差也大幅减小。整个海试结果表明,在TNNS中组合GPS/INS采用的降阶扩展卡尔曼滤波算法,大幅提高了系统精度和可靠性。     

Group properties of utt=[F(u)ux]x

The group properties and the associated Lie algebra are developed for the subject quasilinear wave equation, for arbitrary f[fεC²(R), f > 0, f ≠ 0]. From the resulting information sets of explicit invariant solutions are constructed for wave propagation in gases and for the transonic equation.     

Exact solution of the non-linear differential equation RR̈ + 32R2 − AR−4 + B = 0

The non-linear equation $\text{R}\text{R}\text{?}\text{+}\text{3}\text{2}\text{R}{}^2\text{- AR}{}^{\mathrm{?4}}\text{+ B = 0}$ is shown to represent simply periodic motion with a minimum at R₁ and a maximum at R₁R₀ or a maximum at R₁ and a minimum at R₁R₀^?1. R₀ is a function of the ratio $\text{A}\text{B}$ and is greater than 1 for $\text{A}\text{B}$ > 1 and less than 1 for $\text{A}\text{B}$ > 1. The period of the motion satisfies the simple relation T(R₀^?1) = R₀^?1T(R₀). The exact solution to the above equation is represented in terms of elliptic integrals of the first and second kinds and a simple algebraic function.     

Explicit expressions of S(v), H(v) and L(v) for anisotropic elastic materials

The three matrices L(v), S(v) and H(v), appearing frequently in the investigations of the two-dimensional steady state motions of elastic solids, are expressed explicitly in terms of the elastic stiffness for general anisotropic materials. The special cases of monoclinic materials with a plane of symmetry at x₃ = 0, x₁ = 0, and x₂ = 0 are all deduced. Results for orthotropic materials appearing in the literature may be recovered from the present explicit expressions.     

惯导／GNSS／罗兰C／航姿系统组合导航方案

为保证飞行器的导航精度及可靠性,采用了惯导/GNSS/罗兰C/航姿系统的组合导航。该组合导航采用开环组合方式,将多系统导航信息在计算机中进行综合,提高导航信息精度。仿真试验结果说明,所设计的组合导航系统是可行的,能满足任务要求。     

Phase portraits and bifurcations of the non-linear oscillator: ẍ + (α + γx2 + βx + δx3 = 0

The non-linear oscillator ? + αx + γx²x + βx + δx³ = 0 is studied using the methods of differentiable dynamics to obtain qualitative behaviour. The case x, β<0; γ, δ> 0 is considered in some detail; it has physical relevance as a simple model in certain now-induced structural vibration problems in which the structural non-linearities act to maintain overall stability. The presence of local and global bifurcations is detected and their physical significance discussed.     

Rheology/morphology/flow conditions relationships for polymethylmethacrylate/rubber blend

Viscoelastic behavior, phase morphology and flow conditions relationships in polymer/rubber blends have been investigated. The importance of such correlations is illustrated on polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA)/rubber blends subjected to different flow conditions both under small and large deformations. In small-amplitude oscillatory shear (the morphology does not change during the flow) the elastic modulus G of the concentrated blends shows a secondary plateau, G _p , in the low frequency region. This solid-like behavior appears for rubber particle contents beyond the percolation threshold concentration (15%). Morphological observations revealed that for concentrations higher than 15%, the particles are dispersed in a three-dimensional network-type structure.In capillary flow it was found that the network-type structure was destroyed and replaced by an alignment of particles in the flow direction. This morphological modification resulted in a decrease in both viscosity and post-extrusion swell of the blends. Morphological observations revealed that the ordered structure in the flow direction was concentrated only in the skin region of the extrudate, where the shear stress is higher than the secondary plateau, G _p . A simple kinetic mechanism is proposed to explain the observed morphology.Similarly, steady shear measurements performed in the cone-and-plate geometry revealed alignment of particles in the flow direction for shear stress values higher than G_p.Presented in part at the Symposium Recent Developments in Structured Continua Montréal (Canada) 26–28 May 1993 and at the 45th Canadian Chemical Engineering Conference, Quebec, October 15–18 (1995)     

溅射沉积WSx/Ni/a-C/Ni多层膜的微结构及大气环境摩擦学性能

采用磁控溅射技术在硅基体上交替沉积WS₂、Ni及非晶碳(a-C)层制备出不同Ni层厚度的WS_x/Ni/a-C/Ni多层膜. 利用扫描电子显微镜、X射线衍射仪、拉曼光谱仪、X射线光电子能谱仪等研究了多层膜的成分及微观结构;通过纳米压痕仪、划痕仪和球盘式摩擦磨损试验机等评价了薄膜的力学及大气环境中的摩擦学性能. 结果表明:随着Ni层厚度的增加,WS_x/Ni/a-C/Ni多层膜的致密度下降,n_s/n_w值(S与W原子百分数之比)由0.84降至0.73,WS_x层以微晶或非晶的形式存在. 多层膜的硬度和磨损率均随Ni层厚度的增加先降低后升高,但摩擦系数由0.22升至0.38,结合力先增大后减小. Ni层厚度为6 nm的多层膜的硬度可达13.4 GPa,抗氧化性能和耐磨性最优,磨损率仅为9.47×10–14 m3/(Nm).      

机翼-机身-挂架-短舱复杂流场数值模拟

本文采用分区搭接网格技术,对机翼/机身/挂架/短舱复杂组合体进行网格分布,通过分析计算网格对结果的影响,探讨了网格的划分.基于Roe的近似黎曼解的方法,采用S-A湍流模型,通过求解N-S方程,对该组合体外流场/发动机短舱内流场进行一体化数值模拟,与相应风洞实验数据进行了比较与分析,取得了与实验数据较为吻合的结果.与无发动机短舱的组合体的气动特性进行比较,分析了短舱对翼身组合体的气动干扰.     

On free energy-based formulations for kinematic hardening and the decomposition F = fpfe

Within the framework of linear plasticity, based on additive decomposition of the linear strain tensor, kinematical hardening can be described by means of extended potentials. The method is elegant and avoids the need for evolution equations. The extension of small strain formulations to the finite strain case, which is based on the multiplicative decomposition of the deformation gradient into elastic and inelastic parts, proved not straight forward. Specifically, the symmetry of the resulting back stress remained elusive. In this paper, a free energy-based formulation incorporating the effect of kinematic hardening is proposed. The formulation is able to reproduce symmetric expressions for the back stress while incorporating the multiplicative decomposition of the deformation gradient. Kinematic hardening is combined with isotropic hardening where an associative flow rule and von Mises yield criterion are applied. It is shown that the symmetry of the back stress is strongly related to its treatment as a truly spatial tensor, where contraction operations are to be conducted using the current metric. The latter depends naturally on the deformation gradient itself. Various numerical examples are presented.