全反射棱镜式激光陀螺自适应稳频技术

针对全反射棱镜式激光陀螺在稳频过程中相敏信号易受噪声干扰的现象,研究了全反射棱镜式激光陀螺自适应稳频技术。理论分析了全反射棱镜式激光陀螺的稳频特性,结合自适应噪声对消原理,建立了全反射棱镜式激光陀螺自适应稳频系统的数学模型。通过硬件电路设计,搭建了基于递归最小二乘算法的自适应稳频控制系统。分别对原有稳频技术与自适应稳频技术进行了实验测试,实验结果表明,自适应稳频能有效消除噪声对相敏信号的干扰,稳频精度提高了近一个数量级,陀螺精度相应提高了60%以上。此分析结果为提高全反射棱镜式激光陀螺的性能提供了重要参考。     

全反射棱镜式激光陀螺自适应稳频技术EI北大核心CSCD

针对全反射棱镜式激光陀螺在稳频过程中相敏信号易受噪声干扰的现象,研究了全反射棱镜式激光陀螺自适应稳频技术。理论分析了全反射棱镜式激光陀螺的稳频特性,结合自适应噪声对消原理,建立了全反射棱镜式激光陀螺自适应稳频系统的数学模型。通过硬件电路设计,搭建了基于递归最小二乘算法的自适应稳频控制系统。分别对原有稳频技术与自适应稳频技术进行了实验测试,实验结果表明,自适应稳频能有效消除噪声对相敏信号的干扰,稳频精度提高了近一个数量级,陀螺精度相应提高了60%以上。此分析结果为提高全反射棱镜式激光陀螺的性能提供了重要参考。     

基于锯齿波偏频的谐振式光纤陀螺标度因数测试

针对转台测试谐振式光纤陀螺标度因数时存在的测试精度受限于转台性能影响的问题,提出一种基于锯齿波等效输入的陀螺标度因数测试方法.通过在相位调制器上叠加锯齿波偏频信号用于模拟角速度输入,分析了实际转台输入和模拟角速度输入下谐振式光纤陀螺闭环传递函数,推导了偏频锯齿波信号参数与实际输入角速度的对应关系,理论证明了其技术可行性.搭建了基于锯齿波偏频的陀螺标度因数测试系统,对研制的陀螺样机进行了标度因数及非线性度测试,基于锯齿波偏频方法测得的陀螺标度因数与实际转台测试结果基本一致,且标度因数非线性度从0.42%优化到0.26%.研究表明基于锯齿波偏频的谐振式光纤陀螺标度因数快速标定测试方法不仅可以精确测得标度因数,还可有效抑制转台振动等环境干扰引入的测量误差.     

机械抖动棱镜式激光陀螺出射光强度特性

针对棱镜式激光陀螺在抖动状态下出射光强度被调制的现象, 系统地研究了机械抖动对棱镜式激光陀螺中光传输轨迹和光电探测器的影响机理. 在对现有棱镜式激光陀螺性能进行分析的基础上, 应用数值模拟和有限元分析方法, 将对称型全反射棱镜纳入四棱镜陀螺的结构设计方案, 并给出了由机械抖动引起的应力双折射和光电探测器位置偏移与出射光强度的一般关系. 结果表明, 机械抖动会使棱镜产生应力双折射, 使激光光路发生改变, 同时造成光电探测器与出射光束产生相对位移, 导致出射光强度幅值产生调制. 使用全对称型的陀螺结构, 选取具有合适折射率的对称型棱镜, 减小探测器与出射光斑中心的相对位移, 可以将出射光强度调制幅值相比原先减小52.63%以上, 显著地改善出射光强度被调制的现象. 此分析结果为提高激光陀螺的可靠性提供了重要参考.     

激光陀螺光强扫模曲线模高的影响因素与改善途径分析

激光陀螺光强扫模曲线是陀螺稳频的依据,也是激光陀螺环形激光器振荡特性的基本表征,同时也是陀螺性能好坏的重要标志之一.通过引入新的参量——模高,描述光强扫模曲线的其他特征.光强扫模曲线模高是在腔长变化一个0.6328μm条件下对应光强的最大变化量,是反映光强扫模曲线尖锐度的特征量,该特征量与陀螺稳频精度、稳频响应时间等物...     

激光陀螺稳频稳锁区控制参数测试系统

稳频稳锁区控制系统对提高激光陀螺的性能有着重要意义。设计了激光陀螺稳频稳锁区控制系统,并开发了稳频稳锁区控制参数测试系统。结合某型激光陀螺进行了试验验证。结果表明,该系统完全满足陀螺控制系统参数测试的需求,符合陀螺设计指标。     

四频差动激光陀螺稳频控制仿真

介绍了四频差动激光陀螺稳频的基本工作原理,在分析稳频电路各组成环节传递特性的基础上,给出了稳频控制系统的开环和闭环传递函数,并从满足相位裕度指标(45°)角度对控制系统各参数进行了优化,结果显示当开环总增益k取33时系统有较好的稳定性和较快的响应速度,满足四频差动激光陀螺稳频控制要求。     

异面腔四频差动激光陀螺的智能选模

针对异面腔四频差动激光陀螺(DILAG)工作模式不确定性和跳模对其性能的负面影响,提出了根据开机时腔体温度快速选择最优初始模的智能选模方法。分析了纵模阶数对DILAG的零偏和比例因子的影响以及跳模的危害,指出选择最优初始模是在现有基础上进一步提高DILAG性能的重要方法。通过温度实验做出了最优模相应的压电换能器(PZT)驱动电压随温度的变化曲线,为建立选模模型提供了基本依据。实验表明,智能选模使腔长控制系统加电后能快速稳定在最优初始模,减小了跳模几率,提高了腔长控制电路的鲁棒性和自适应性,对改善DILAG的性能、可靠性具有实用价值。     

四频差动激光陀螺小抖动稳频初步研究

为避免传统光强差稳频方式的缺陷,提出了四频差动激光陀螺小抖动稳频方法.从四频陀螺工作原理出发,分析了小抖动稳频的特性和难点,如鉴频灵敏度较低、陀螺参量不当时工作点有严重偏移、工作模式不易判别、陀螺零漂受稳频精度影响大.针对每一难点提出,解决办法,特别是极低噪声电路的设计技术是提高四频陀螺小抖动稳频精度的关键.提出的解决方案为进一步实验研究提供了理论指导.     

四频差动激光陀螺中的粒子数脉动效应

为研究激光陀螺精细模耦合作用,考虑了增益介质中的粒子数脉动效应.从激光器物理原理出发,分析了粒子数脉动效应的产生机制,结合四频差动激光陀螺特点,得出粒子数脉动效应是一种精细模耦合效应,不同激光模式间的拍频使增益介质中粒子数布居差产生调制,进而对模耦合产生影响.数值计算了粒子数脉动在耦合效应中的大小.计算结果表明:粒子数脉动效应和其他耦合效应随腔频变化基本一致,在大多数腔频范围内数值较小,为其他耦合效应的4%以下;在某些腔频范围(如0.37＜ξ＜0.46,0.02＜ξ＜0.06,0.86＜ξ＜0.88)有较大数值,为其他耦合效应的80%以上,在激光陀螺的模耦合分析中不可忽略.     

Polarization properties in a prism laser gyro with mechanical dither bias

<正>Theoretical analysis and experimental research on the polarization properties of output light in gyro are carried out to investigate the phenomenon that the amplitude of an output voltage signal is modulated by dither bias in laser gyros consisting of totally reflecting prisms.Taking the effect of prism stress birefringence into account,an analytical formula of the output light intensity in the gyro and the relationship between the polarization parameter and the amplitude modulation of the output signal are obtained and discussed.For the first time,the polarized power value of the output light is adopted as a basis to estimate the output signal amplitude fading extent of laser gyros.Experimental results demonstrate that when the value of polarized power of output light is below 25.5%of that in ideal static case,the standard error is over 0.0337 dBm,and the displacement extent of the prism is higher than 53%of the radius of the beam waist in the gyro cavity,the amplitude modulation extent of gyro output signal can reach up to 16%,which badly influences the measurement accuracy of the laser gyro.Using this polarized power detecting measurement method can repair the gyro immediately during its fabrication process,improve the testing and production efficiency and shorten the product development cycle.     

Total internal reflection prism in a laser cavity with polarized radiation

We have obtained the dependence of the reflectance of a right-angle roof prism on its refractive index and the azimuth angle for linearly polarized radiation incident on it. We have shown that using such a prism in the optical layout of a single-shot laser with an electro-optical element (EO) for a certain orientation makes it possible to substantially reduce the control voltage on the EO, compared with the conventional layout of a single-shot laser with an EO providing a beam path difference of λ/4.     

Measurement of apex angle of the prism using total internal reflection

Total internal reflection technique is examined critically for the measurement of apex angle of the prism. Recognition of the critical boundary completely specifies the apex angle ‘A’ of the prism by keeping constant the ratio of refractive index of sample fluid (n₁=1.4) to that of glass (n₂=1.7). Recording of observations in the laboratory is dependent upon whether the apex angle ‘A’ of prism is greater than or less than or equal to critical angle ‘r_c’. The minimum value of error function ‘χ’ in the proximity of Abbe angle explain the choice of Abbe type instruments and shown invariant by relating positive ‘₊’ and the negative angle of emergence ‘₋’. Using ray-tracing technique, an expression for the length of the critical boundary ‘l’ is derived and is shown as a measure of the apex angle ‘A’ of the prism.

The choice of the realistic grazing condition leads us to two turning points for which error function ‘χ’ is minimal and yields appropriate option of the measurement of apex angle ‘A’ of the prism. It is further shown that the small error ‘ζ’ crept in the apex angle ‘A’ of the prism can lead to a significant error in the design of Pulfrich type instruments.

Experimental measurements are in-line with the predictions made.     

空间正交三轴激光陀螺的调腔技术

通过分析传统激光陀螺的调腔方式,提出了激光陀螺应在实际工作条件(具有增益能力状态)下进行调腔的观点,以及通过控制其腔长或光程长来控制反射镜的反射方向的调腔方法,并相应地设计了新的腔长控制镜结构。通过全面扫描的方式,找出了空间正交三轴激光陀螺的三腔在高质量运转时的最佳角度控制参数,解决了空间三轴激光陀螺高精度调腔的难题。     

连续谱全反射法研究三棱镜折射率色散特性

利用连续光谱全反射法,研究了三棱镜的折射率色散特性,增加了测量波长数目.利用最小二乘法进行曲线拟合,给出三棱镜折射率的柯西表达式.     

基于全反射原理的圆台压平棱镜设计与应用实验

利用全反射原理,设计了特殊的圆台压平棱镜探头,可线性测量角膜的压平面积.本文介绍了圆台压平棱镜的设计方法,给出了测量压平面积的实验装置和测量结果.     

Modes of a prism cavity with small reflection and diffraction losses

Huygens's principle is used to solve the integral equation for the lower modes of a cavity formed by two three-faced prisms with total internal reflection, which are inclined at the Brewster angle to eliminate reflection losses and which have planoconvex lenses at the side faces to minimize diffraction losses.I am indebted to Professor V. A. Fabrikant for direction in this work.