Nuclear magnetic resonance in ferromagnetic terbium

The temperature dependence of the magnetic dipole and electric quadrupole hyperfine fields has been measured by NMR in ferromagnetic terbium metal. The results are in excellent agreement with a general theoretical relation connecting moments of the magnetization. This relation allows us to separate ionic and crystalline contributions to the nuclear electric field gradient.     

Nuclear magnetic resonance on oriented76,77,82Br in Fe

Nuclear magnetic resonance on oriented^76,77,82BrFe has been measured using recoil-implanted samples. The magnetic hyperfine splitting frequency of⁸²BrFe in a zero external magnetic field has been determined to be 201.90(3) MHz. The resonances of⁷⁶BrFe and⁷⁷BrFe were also observed in an external magnetic field of 0.2 T asv(⁷⁶BrFe)=340.9(3) MHz andv(⁷⁷BrFe)=403.5(2) MHz. With the known values of theg-factors, the hyperfine fields have been deduced:B _HF(⁸²BrFe)=81.397(27) T,B _HF(⁷⁶BrFe)=81.38(7) T. Theg-factor of⁷⁷Br was determined to be |0.6487(4)|.     

Nuclear magnetic resonance in ferromagnetic HCP and FCC 59cobalt

The ⁵⁹Co nuclear magnetic resonance spectra of powdered metal have been investigated in the temperature range from 3 K – 295 K. Both HCP resonance lines, coming from nuclei at the center and the edge of the domain walls (v₁ = 221 MHzv₂ = 214 MHz at 295 K, respectively) have been observed as in bulk material. The quadrupole splitting, directly measured only by Kawakami et al., was verified. The line spacing v_q = 3e²Qq/2I(2I - 1)h is v_q = (178 ± 5) kHz at 295 K. A new line with v = 221.7 MHz at 295 K was found, which is probably due to a stacking fault.The temperature behaviour of the FCC-linewidth is anomalous. Between 3 and 10 K a line splitting due to frequency pulling, already predicted by De Gennes et al. in 1962, was discovered. The frequency shift derived from the splitting of the FCC line at 3 K is δω₀ ≈ 2.51 MHz. The corresponding anisotropy field and zero field ferromagnetic resonance frequency of FCC cobalt are H_A ≈ 1.25 × 10² Oe and ω_e ≈ 2.27 × 10⁹ Hz, respectively.     

Nuclear magnetic resonance on oriented192Ir in Fe and Ni

The hyperfine interaction of¹⁹²Ir nuclei as dilute impurities in Fe and Ni has been investigated with NMR on oriented nuclei. With the use of highly dilute and pure alloys the line widths could be reduced so far that the quadrupole splitting of¹⁹²IrFe and¹⁹²IrNi could be resolved. Taking hyperfine anomalies into account the ground state nuclear moments of¹⁹²Ir are deduced as |μ|=1.924(10)μ _N andQ=2.36(ll) b. The hyperfine field of IrNi was investigated as a function of the Ir concentrationc between 0.01 at % and 5 at %. The dependence ofH _HF onc was found to be significantly smaller than that reported from Mössbauer effect measurements. Forc=0.01 at %H _HF=?454.7(2.3)kG is deduced. The resonance shift with an external magnetic field has been studied precisely, yieldingK=0.012(23) andK=0.026(12) for the Knight-shift of¹⁹²Ir in Fe and Ni, respectively.     

A study of the nuclear magnetic resonance of isotope Fe57 in hematite

The results of studying the nuclear magnetic resonance of isotope Fe⁵⁷ in weak ferromagnetic hematite -Fe₂O₃ for different types of samples are presented. Measurements of the temperature dependence of the nuclear magnetic resonance frequency in the range of 250–820°K, as well as the dependence of the signal intensity on temperature, the orientation and intensity of the static and h.f. field were carried out. The interpretation of the experimental results is based on the assumption that the signal originates from the nuclei inside the domain walls. The abnormally high value of the enhancement factor of the h.f. field is explained by the closeness of the nuclear magnetic resonance frequency and the resonance frequency of the domain walls.In conclusion the author expresses his thanks to Prof. J. Bro for his valuable advice and comments when preparing this paper; to Prof. R. Rost, Dr. Z Hauptman and M. Vichr for providing the samples; to Dr. V. Houdek for measuring the Néel temperature and to J. Pavlíek for substantial help in the measurements     

铁磁共振法测磁各向异性

采用铁磁共振方法,研究了铁磁/反铁磁双层膜系统中,因交换耦合以及磁晶各向异性而产生的有效各向异性场.结果表明:被测系统有无交换偏置场以及其正负号性质等均能在共振谱中得到辨析.结果还显示:沿着不同结晶方向施加外磁场,共振场的行为与磁晶各向异性以及铁磁/反铁磁交换耦合作用而诱发的单向各向异性等密切相关.将共振频率的变化看成外磁场(包括其方向和大小)的函数,研究得到了单向各向异性,立方各向异性等对共振频率的影响,并同实验结果做了很好的比较. 关键词： 铁磁/反铁磁双层膜 交换耦合 铁磁共振 单向各向异性     

Nuclear magnetic resonance in inhomogeneous magnetic fields

The response of the spin system has been investigated by numerical simulations in the case of a nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) experiment performed in inhomogeneous static and radiofrequency fields. The particular case of the NMR-MOUSE was considered. The static field and the component of the radiofrequency field perpendicular to the static field were evaluated as well as the spatial distribution of the maximum NMR signal detected by the surface coil. The NMR response to various pulse sequences was evaluated numerically for the case of an ensemble of isolated spins (1/2). The behavior of the echo train in Carr-Purcell-like pulse sequences used for measurements of transverse relaxation and self-diffusion was simulated and compared with the experiment. The echo train is shown to behave qualitatively differently depending on the particular phase schemes used in these pulse sequences. Different echo trains are obtained, because of the different superposition of Hahn and stimulated echoes forming mixed echoes as a result of the spatial distribution of pulse flip angles. The superposition of Hahn and stimulated echoes originating from different spatial regions leads to distortions of the mixed echoes in intensity, shape, and phase. The volume selection produced by Carr-Purcell-like pulse sequences is also investigated for the NMR-MOUSE. The developed numerical simulation procedure is useful for understanding a variety of experiments performed with the NMR-MOUSE and for improving its performance. Copyright 2000 Academic Press.     

Nuclear magnetic resonance cryoporometry

Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) cryoporometry is a technique for non-destructively determining pore size distributions in porous media through the observation of the depressed melting point of a confined liquid. It is suitable for measuring pore diameters in the range 2 nm–1 μm, depending on the absorbate. Whilst NMR cryoporometry is a perturbative measurement, the results are independent of spin interactions at the pore surface and so can offer direct measurements of pore volume as a function of pore diameter. Pore size distributions obtained with NMR cryoporometry have been shown to compare favourably with those from other methods such as gas adsorption, DSC thermoporosimetry, and SANS. The applications of NMR cryoporometry include studies of silica gels, bones, cements, rocks and many other porous materials. It is also possible to adapt the basic experiment to provide structural resolution in spatially-dependent pore size distributions, or behavioural information about the confined liquid.     

Local ferromagnetic resonance imaging with magnetic resonance force microscopy

We report nanoscale scanned probe ferromagnetic resonance force microscopy (FMRFM) imaging of individual ferromagnetic microstructures. This reveals the mechanism for high spatial resolution in FMRFM imaging: the strongly inhomogeneous local magnetic field of the cantilever mounted micromagnetic probe magnet used in FMRFM enables selective, local excitation of ferromagnetic resonance (FMR). This approach, demonstrated here in individual permalloy disks, is straightforwardly extended to excitation of localized FMR modes, and hence imaging in extended films.     

Nuclear resonance scattering of synchrotron radiation by two non-equivalent crystal sublattices in57Fe3BO6

Pure nuclear Bragg reflections off a single crystal of⁵⁷Fe₃BO₆ consisting of two antiferromagnetic sublattices were studied using Mössbauer and synchrotron radiation. Energy and time spectra were measured of different reflections (h00), when either only one sublattice was reflecting, (300), or both sublattices at comparable strength either in antiphase, (500), or in phase, (700). Characteristic line shapes and quantum beat modulations revealed the interference of the scattering by the two sublattices.     

Nuclear magnetic resonance in Ag-Pd alloys

Using the results of the self-consistent KKR CPA band calculation, the magnitudes of electron interactions in silver-rich Ag-Pd alloys are estimated from the experimental NMR data for ¹⁰⁹Ag, and Stoner's enhancement factor in the s-band spin susceptibility is found to be about 2.