宇宙线μ子的大气契仑柯夫光像

给出理想条件下聚光镜焦平面上单个μ子大气契仑柯夫光像的理论结果．简要地介绍在标定第二代大气契仑柯夫光成像望远镜中的应用．     

外加静电场的聚焦激光脉冲真空加速电子方案

采用五阶修正的聚焦激光光场方程模拟研究了由Singh提出的在电子和激光脉冲作用尾部阶段施加外场的加速方案,将Singh方案中采用的外加磁场改成了外加电场,并且考虑了光束的纵向电场和光束衍射效应.模拟结果显示,电子可以从加速相位阶段被外场导入下一个加速相位阶段而不进入减速相位阶段,因此电子能获得比不加外场方案更高的净能增益. 关键词： 强激光 激光加速     

Hall-A上小角度GDH实验中气体契仑柯夫探测器的刻度修正

在JLab的A大厅上的小角度GDH实验中, 因为实验过程中硬件条件的变化, 对位于高分辨谱仪上的CO₂阈契仑柯夫探测器进行了多次刻度修正, 并得到7套修正系数. 单光电峰在阈契仑柯夫探测器的10个PMT中的信号响应均被调整到两百. 通过对在该探测器中的信号响应的判断, 本底π粒子可以被有效的去除.     

JLab Hall-A上小角度GDH实验中的粒子鉴别及其效率

在JLab的A大厅上的小角度GDH实验中, 因为散射截面及截面不对称度的测量需要干净的电子样本和足够的事例统计, 径迹在簇射量能器和气体阈契仑柯夫探测器理的信息被用来完成粒子鉴别的任务. 通过优化粒子在两种探测器里的信息筛选条件, 可以得到较高的电子接收效率和π的去除能力. 因为探测器的分辨能力与粒子的动量等运动学参量有关, 所以对于不同的数据的粒子鉴别条件分别进行了优化, 并得到了对应的电子接收效率和π的去除能力.     

少周期飞秒径向偏振脉冲聚焦特性仿真

建立聚焦数值模型,分析少周期径向偏振光聚焦光场的强度以及电场矢量方向周期性变化规律,对比无啁啾少周期径向偏振光脉冲及连续光束聚焦光场的时空电矢量及强度分布.结果表明,光强从聚焦光斑中心处向四周迅速减小且振动方向周期性变化;在相同能量下,相比于连续光,脉冲光的聚焦光斑更小,峰值功率更强;通过控制光程,无啁啾少周期径向偏振光束聚焦场的前向电场强于后向电场,适合于激光电子直接加速.该结果对指导利用少周期径向偏振光进行激光电子直接加速的方案设计及超快显微成像和超快探测具有参考意义.     

少周期飞秒径向偏振脉冲聚焦特性仿真（英文）

建立聚焦数值模型,分析少周期径向偏振光聚焦光场的强度以及电场矢量方向周期性变化规律,对比无啁啾少周期径向偏振光脉冲及连续光束聚焦光场的时空电矢量及强度分布.结果表明,光强从聚焦光斑中心处向四周迅速减小且振动方向周期性变化;在相同能量下,相比于连续光,脉冲光的聚焦光斑更小,峰值功率更强;通过控制光程,无啁啾少周期径向偏振光束聚焦场的前向电场强于后向电场,适合于激光电子直接加速.该结果对指导利用少周期径向偏振光进行激光电子直接加速的方案设计及超快显微成像和超快探测具有参考意义.     

填充预等离子体通道靶激光电子加速研究北大核心CSCD

采用紧聚焦的超强短脉冲激光与固体通道靶相互作用是获得大电量、高准直相对论电子束的一种有效方式。实验中由于激光预脉冲烧蚀靶壁产生预等离子体会膨胀、填充到真空通道中,从而导致电子束品质发生变化。采用二维PIC粒子模拟程序研究了通道靶中填充预等离子体的电子加速过程。模拟结果显示,在功率密度为5.0×10^(20W/cm^(2))的超强短脉冲激光条件下,通道中填充一定密度的等离子体时激光场优先与低密度等离子体相互作用,激光脉冲与通道壁的相互作用减弱,电子加速机制由纵向场主导的真空电子加速转变为横向电场主导的等离子体电子加速,产生电子束具有更大的电荷量,但能量降低,发散角增大。     

国防科大契仑柯夫自由电子激光器通过鉴定

由国防科技大学承担的国家高技术契仑柯夫自由电子激光(CFEL)研究项目于1993年3月30日至31日在长沙通过鉴定。国家高技术410主题专家组办公室主持了这次技术鉴定和验收工作。主题专家组首席科学家杜祥琬研究员任鉴定委员会主任委员。     

激光等离子体相互作用的局域振荡电子加热机制

 用2.5维粒子模拟程序模拟了超强激光与等离子体的相互作用过程，发现超强激光可以通过J×B加热机制加速电子并引起电荷分离，从而产生很强的静电场并形成电场势阱，电子在静电场势阱中振荡，被多次加速，使得高速电子被甩出势阱，进而增强电荷分离，然后静电场结构被破坏，静电势能传给电子。在此过程中，电子在此阱中作局域振荡，并且被J×B机制多次加速，激光的能量会有效地传给电子，使电子能量高达10MeV。这是一种新的电子加热机制，称之为局域振荡电子加热机制。     

光纤X射线探针和测量系统

利用Ｘ射线在探针中的康普顿散射以及电子在光纤中的契仑柯夫效应可以构成光纤Ｘ射线探针和测量系统，本文对此做了理论和实验研究，推导了光纤探针的灵敏度公式，给出了计算结果，并做了实验标定，讨论了光纤探针测量系统的构成，测量的动态范围和响应时间。     

A Cyclic Induction Accelerator

The main feature of the examined cyclic induction accelerator is the separation of control and accelerating electromagnetic fluxes. The control magnetic field is formed by analogy with the magnetic field of a weakly focusing synchrotron, and the accelerating vortex electric field is generated by electromagnetic cores – inductors. Such a design of the cyclic induction accelerator allows the active steel volume and the power of a supply unit to be reduced significantly, and the separation of control and accelerating magnetic fluxes allows the energy lost by particles by synchrotron emission to be compensated using a relatively simple method. Recent investigations have demonstrated that in this accelerator, electrons can be accelerated to energies exceeding 300 MeV.     

A high-frequency undulator for ion beam focusing and acceleration

The use of high-frequency field harmonics nonsynchronous with the beam for focusing and accelerating charged particles in periodic resonant structures is discussed. Conditions for effective acceleration of particles in the transverse and longitudinal fields of a high-frequency undulator are found. A specific implementation of particle focusing and acceleration, as well as the numerical calculation of deuterium ion dynamics in a new type of a linear accelerator, are reported.     

Ion-beam instabilities in an accelerating system with axial symmetry

Beam instabilities in an accelerator with focusing of an axisymmetric accelerating field are considered for deviation of the field from axial symmetry. The effect is evaluated quantitatively for an accelerator with phase-variable focusing produced by a two-conductor resonator. It is shown that at the resonances the effective beam radius can increase substantially, even for a short accelerator about 1 m in length.Translated from Izvestiya Vysshikh Uchebnykh Zavedenii, Fizika, No. 12, pp. 10–13, December, 1987.     

Stability of equilibrium orbits in isochronous ultrarelativistic cyclotron I

The paper deals with an investigation into the equilibrium orbits of charged particles in one variant of the isochronous ultrarelativistic cyclotron, i.e. accelerator with time independent, axially increasing magnetic field and strong focusing for accelerating charged particles at constant orbital time. The author finds phenomena well known from the theory of oscillations of non-linear mechanical systems (in a certain region of the parameters of a magnetic field there exist substantially two equilibrium orbits, while in another region none exist), which have no analogy in other accelerators. A variant of the ultrarelativistic cyclotron with axially scalloped equilibrium orbit is proposed.     

Overview of plasma-based accelerator concepts

An overview is given of the physics issues relevant to the plasma wakefield accelerator, the plasma beat-wave accelerator, the laser wakefield accelerator, including the self-modulated regime, and wakefield accelerators driven by multiple electron or laser pulses. Basic properties of linear and nonlinear plasma waves are discussed, as well as the trapping and acceleration of electrons in the plasma wave. Formulas are presented for the accelerating field and the energy gain in the various accelerator configurations. The propagation of the drive electron or laser beams is discussed, including limitations imposed by key instabilities and methods for optically guiding laser pulses. Recent experimental results are summarized     

Phase motion in a synchronous accelerator with tilted accelerating gap

A theory of phase motion in a synchronous circular accelerator is derived for the case that, in addition to the accelerating component of a high-frequency field, a component acts on a particle which deforms the path of the particle. For an accelerator with constant period of revolution and fixed magnetic field the result is asymptotic focusing of the particles to a certain phase _s.In conclusion the author thanks Dr. M. Seidl for suggesting this paper and for many remarks during its elaboration. He also thanks members of the seminary of the sector of accelerators for criticisn and, last but not least, L. Krlín for friendly cooperation.     

Ultracold electron bunch generation via plasma photocathode emission and acceleration in a beam-driven plasma blowout

Beam-driven plasma wakefield acceleration using low-ionization-threshold gas such as Li is combined with laser-controlled electron injection via ionization of high-ionization-threshold gas such as He. The He electrons are released with low transverse momentum in the focus of the copropagating, nonrelativistic-intensity laser pulse directly inside the accelerating or focusing phase of the Li blowout. This concept paves the way for the generation of sub-μm-size, ultralow-emittance, highly tunable electron bunches, thus enabling a flexible new class of an advanced free electron laser capable high-field accelerator.     

Acceleration and focusing of intense ion beams in rf undulator structures

Bunching, acceleration, and transverse focusing of intense ion beams in an undulator linac are considered. Such an accelerator features the absence of an rf field harmonic synchronous with the beam. A 3D equation of motion in the Hamiltonian form is derived in the smooth approximation, and the general conditions for ion beam acceleration and transverse focusing in the undulator linac are formulated. Basic analytical results are compared with the results of numerical simulation of the beam dynamics in the polyharmonic field of an accelerating cavity.     

Design concept of cryogenic accelerating structures of a copper accelerator

The surface resistance of copper is studied in the region of classical and anomalous skin effect. The surface resistance gain (equal to the ratio of the surface resistances of copper at room and helium temperatures) is determined as a function of the electromagnetic field frequency. It is shown that the gain has an inverse power dependence on frequency. The frequencies at which the gain for copper is equal to 10 are determined. It is found that high-frequency power losses in the walls of the accelerating structure of the accelerator, which is prepared from nonsuperconducting metals at T ≥ 4.2 K, can be reduced by more than an order of magnitude as compared to an accelerating structure operating at room temperature. This confirms the possibility of developing a high-efficiency accelerator.     

ON SOME IMPORTANT PROBLEMS OF THE PHASE ADJUSTED FOCUSING LASER ACCELERATOR

In this paper, it is pointed out that in the phase adjusted focusing laser accelerator,particles are accelerated by "slow wave" (synchronizing with the accelerated particles)but not "fast wave". (waves whose phase velocity is faster than the speed of light).Some measures should be taken so as to get stability in both longitudinal and transversemotion.