Structure and Anti-Tumor Activity of Bovine alpha-Lactalbumin after Binding Linoleic AcidSCIEI北大核心CSCD

The structure changes of alpha-lactalbumin after binding oleic acid and linoleic acid, including hydrophobic amino acids, hydrophobic regions, tertiary structure, secondary structure, was studied by intrinsic fluorescence, ANS-binding intrinsic fluorescence and circular dichroism spectrum, respectively. The anti-tumor activity of the lactalbumin-oleic acid complex and lactalbumin-linoleic acid complex was measured using the methylene blue method. It can be seen from the fluorescence spectra that a significant red-shift from 331.07 to 337.67 nm and 337.60 nm of alpha-lactalbumin occurred after binding of oleic acid and linoleic acid, respectively. Together with the ANS-binding spectra, which exhibited a blue-shift (from 516.20 to 514.10 nm and 508.50 nm, respectively) with an increased fluorescence intensity, it can be indicated that binding of oleic acid and linoleic acid lead to the exposure of hydrophobic amino acids and hydrophobic regions. Results of circular dichroism spectra indicated the partial loss of the tertiary structure, and an decrease of beta-turn and random coil, which turn to the p-sheet structure. Furthermore, the antitumor activity of the two complexes was verified on the three types of tumor cells. This study laid a theoretical basis for the development of anti-tumor drugs.     

牛α-乳白蛋白-亚油酸复合物的结构及抗肿瘤活性

利用内源性荧光光谱、荧光探针(ANS)结合荧光光谱及圆二色谱,以乳白蛋白-油酸为参照,研究了乳白蛋白结合亚油酸后,疏水性氨基酸、疏水性区域、三级结构及二级结构的变化,并利用亚甲基蓝的方法评价了该复合物的抗肿瘤活性。荧光光谱结果显示,与乳白蛋白-油酸复合物类似,乳白蛋白结合亚油酸后,其内源性荧光光谱显著红移,从331.07 nm移至337.60 nm;外源性ANS结合光谱蓝移,从516.20 nm移至508.50 nm;且荧光强度增加,表明乳白蛋白结合亚油酸后同样出现了疏水性氨基酸及疏水性区域暴露的现象。圆二色谱结果表明,与乳白蛋白-油酸复合物类似,乳白蛋白结合亚油酸后,三级结构部分丧失,二级结构中β-转角及无规卷曲的含量显著降低,β-折叠含量增加。细胞实验证实了乳白蛋白-亚油酸复合物具有良好的抗肿瘤效果。该研究从复合物结构和功能的两方面,为新型抗肿瘤乳白蛋白-亚油酸复合物的开发提供了依据。     

芬布芬与牛血清白蛋白相互作用的荧光光谱检测

在模拟生理条件下,用荧光光谱法和紫外-可见吸收光谱法研究芬布芬(FBF)和牛血清白蛋白(BSA)结合反应的特征.研究表明:芬布芬与牛血清白蛋白形成复合物,从而猝灭牛血清白蛋白的内源性荧光,该过程为静态猝灭过程.根据Stem-V(o)lmer方程得出了不同温度下结合位点数和结合常数;根据F(0)rster非辐射能量转移理...     

白酒单体物质紫外荧光光谱研究

白酒荧光光谱是由各种单体物质的荧光共同叠加而表征出来的。不同品牌的白酒中所含的单体物质种类基本相同,都包括水、酒精以及各种微量成分,然而其荧光光谱却差别很大。白酒中的各种单体物质成分究竟是如何对白酒的荧光光谱产生影响,至今未见相关报道。通过对白酒中的主要单体物质,包扩酒精、水及各种主要的微量成分(共10种)在不同激发波长下产生的荧光光谱进行测定,并将其与已测定的大量白酒三维荧光光谱进行对比发现,可以对白酒的荧光光谱产生影响的单体物质是乙醇和主要微量成分。白酒主要微量成分中醇类、酸类、酯类和醛类物质对其荧光光谱都有着一定的影响,但各自影响的程度及影响的光谱范围又各自有所不同。研究结果对白酒荧光光谱的进一步细化研究有着重要的意义。     

Phosphorescence of pi-conjugated oligomers and polymers

We observed phosphorescence from a ladder-type poly-(para-phenylene) and an analogous oligomer containing five phenylene rings. The spectra are similar to the intrinsic fluorescence spectra and bear out a singlet-triplet splitting of 5000 cm(-1) (polymer) and 6800 cm(-1) (oligomer). Phosphorescence decay of the polymer occurs on a 10-100-micros scale obeying a power law and suggestive of nonradiative quenching, while that of the oligomer is asymptotically exponential with an intrinsic decay time of approximately 250 ms. The polymer also exhibits delayed fluorescence. It originates from delayed recombination of geminate electron-hole pairs rather than from triplet-triplet annihilation.     

头孢噻肟钠与牛血清蛋白相互作用的光谱特征

用光谱法研究头孢噻肟钠（CS）和牛血清蛋白（BSA）在模拟生命体生理条件下相互作用的特征.结果表明CS主要以静态猝灭方式使BSA的荧光强度显著降低;利用同步荧光法研究了CS和BSA作用后牛血清蛋白的构象发生了变化;求得不同温度下二者的结合常数和结合位点数,探讨了微量金属离子对实验体系结合常数的影响,并根据热力学参数确定了CS和BSA之间主要依靠静电力结合.根据Froester非辐射能量转移机理,测定了CS与BSA相互结合时的作用距离2.56nm,表明BSA与CS之间发生了非辐射能量转移.     

胶乳微球与抗体蛋白相互作用机理的荧光光谱法分析

利用共价偶联的方法制备了胶乳-抗体蛋白复合物,并采用荧光光谱法对复合物的性质进行了研究,以揭示胶乳微球与抗体蛋白之间的相互作用机理。内源荧光光谱分析结果表明,共价偶联后,抗体蛋白的最大发射峰发生显著蓝移,最大发射峰强度显著降低,抗体蛋白的三级结构发生了一定的变化,胶乳微球与抗体蛋白之间的相互作用对抗体蛋白的内源荧光有显著的猝灭作用,猝灭效果随着偶联体系pH值以及胶乳浓度的增加而增强,猝灭机制为静态猝灭。外源荧光光谱分析结果表明,共价偶联后抗体蛋白的最大发射峰强度显著增强,且随着偶联体系pH值的升高,抗体蛋白的疏水性显著降低,随着胶乳浓度的增加,疏水性逐渐升高。     

光谱法研究人胞红蛋白与铜(Ⅱ)离子的相互作用

胞红蛋白(Cygb)是近期在脊椎动物中发现的一种球蛋白家族成员,具有典型珠蛋白的“3+3”式的α-螺旋三明治折叠结构。利用紫外可见吸收光谱、荧光光谱、同步荧光光谱及圆二色(CD)光谱法研究了Cu2+离子与Cygb的相互作用。结果表明,当Cu2+离子加入到Cygb溶液中后,Cygb在280 nm处的紫外吸收强度增大,说明Cu2+与Cygb发生了相互作用;Cu2+使Cygb的内源性荧光发生猝灭,其猝灭方式为静态猝灭。同步荧光光谱研究表明,Cu2+可使色氨酸和酪氨酸的微环境发生较小的改变,与酪氨酸相比Cu2+对Cygb的键合部位更接近于色氨酸。圆二色光谱研究表明,Cu2+对Cygb的二级结构未引起明显变化。     

不同波长激发光对血清荧光光谱影响的实验研究

采用日本岛津荧光光度计RF5301,研究了血清的荧光光谱与激发光波长的关系。实验结果表明：在不同波长的紫外光激励下,血清产生的荧光光谱线型及峰值波长基本相同,与激励光波长无关,但荧光峰强度随激励光波长变化而变化。血清的荧光光谱有两个较强的荧光发射区,其中第一个发射区处于300～410 nm,第二个发射区处于410～530 nm。当激发光波长小于310 nm,荧光主要集中在第一发射区,荧光峰位于330和370 nm处,并产生竞争现象。当激发光波长大于250 nm时,只出现330 nm处的荧光峰,其最佳激励光波长为300 nm;当激发光波长大于320 nm,第一发射区的荧光变弱,在第二发射区的荧光变强,荧光峰位于452 nm。此研究为血液的光谱特性研究提供了实验依据,对光诱导荧光光谱诊断技术中激发光波长的选择具有一定的参考价值。     

Recent Advances in the Use of Intrinsic Fluorescence for Bacterial Identification and Characterization

Live bacteria contain a variety of intracellular biomolecules that have specific excitation and emission wavelength spectra characterizing their intrinsic fluorescence. This paper reviews recent developed methods using bacterial intrinsic fluorescence for identification and characterization purposes. Potential applications of such methods at the industrial level are also addressed.     

光谱法研究儿茶素与牛血清白蛋白的相互作用

运用荧光猝灭光谱、傅里叶红外光谱(FTIR)等光谱手段研究了模拟人体牛理条件下儿茶素与牛血清白蛋白(bovine serum albumin,BSA)的相互作用,求出了儿茶素与BSA结合的结合常数、结合位置、结合类型等参数,并研究了共存离子对儿茶素与BSA的结合常数的影响.实验结果表明:儿茶素与BsA形成复合物从而猝灭BSA的内源荧光,且其荧光猝灭机理符合静态机制.296,303,310 K下儿茶素与BSA结合的结合常数分别为:2.368,2.249,2.152×106 L·mol-1.热力学数据表明儿茶素与BsA主要靠疏水作用力和静电作用力结合,探针实验表明儿茶素与BSA在结合位点Site Ⅰ发生结合.F(o)ster偶极一偶极非辐射能量转移机理确定了儿茶素在BSA中与第214位色氨酸残基之间的距离r=1.93 nm.FTIR光谱显示,儿茶素诱导BSA的二级结构发生了变化.     

血清白蛋白与小分子化合物相互作用的荧光光谱研究

以牛血清白蛋白-Triton X-100和牛血清白蛋白-盐酸西布曲明两个体系为实例,考察了以血清白蛋白和小分子化合物为荧光检测对象所获得的相互作用信息的差异。发现两种方法获得的分子间结合常数差异显著,说明在以血清白蛋白为检测对象的传统荧光光谱法中,以色氨酸基团的荧光光谱所表达的信息来代表整个蛋白分子的相互作用信息是不准确的。文章提出了以荧光小分子化合物为检测对象的改进荧光光谱方法和荧光背景扣除方法,前者能全面表达相互作用过程中分子的整体信息,后者实现了荧光光谱交叠体系的荧光光谱法相互作用分析。     

Binding of Fluorescein Isothiocyanate to Insulin: A Fluorimetric Labeling Study

The determination of the fluorophore to the protein molar ratio has been studied using fluorescence spectroscopy. The tyrosine fluorescence is measured from insulin (Ins) solutions at wavelengths lambda(ex)/lambda(em) = 276/300 nm and from fluorescein isothiocyanate (FITC) solutions at lambda(em)/lambda(em) = 494/518 nm. Series of solutions prepared from insulin and FITC are tested for conjugation, recording their fluorimetric intensities. Fluorimetric titrations with different formal concentrations are followed either by intrinsic and extrinsic emission intensities at lambda(ex)/lambda(em) = 276 or 494/518 nm and by their typical emission spectra at pH 9.0. All results denoted a binding ratio of 3 moles of FITC/mole of Ins.     

Analysis of the local conformation of proteins with two-dimensional fluorescence techniques

Two 2D fluorescence techniques are described which allow the study of conformational changes in proteins in their native form in μM solutions using aromatic amino acids (tryptophan, tyrosine) as intrinsic fluorescence markers. Simultaneous time- and wavelength-resolved fluorescence spectra are measured using a 80 ps laser source in conjunction with streak detection in the exit plane of an astigmatism-corrected spectrometer. This approach allows identification of different photophysical processes by their associated lifetime and spectral intensity distribution; errors due to the more common integration over a wider spectral range are avoided. Time-resolved spectra are sensitive to changes in the collisional environment (dynamic quenching) and can thus be used to monitor local conformation changes close to the respective fluorophors. This is demonstrated for the Ras protein which undergoes a drastic conformation change while binding to different nucleotides. Excitation-emission spectra are two-dimensional fluorescence images with one axis corresponding to the excitation and the other to the emission wavelength. Thus, they contain all conventional excitation and fluorescence spectra of a given substance. The 2D structure facilitates the interpretation of these spectra and allows the direct identification of resonance effects, scattering and the isolation of the contribution of different fluorophors to the complete spectrum. This is demonstrated for mixtures of tyrosine and tryptophan. In this case, both wavelength-resolved spectra and temporal decays are affected by energy transfer processes between the two amino acids. In a last example, both static and time-resolved spectral methods are combined to determine the respective contribution of static and dynamic quenching in calsequestrin. Evaluation of the fluorescence data is in good agreement with a recent crystallographic analysis which shows that all tryptophans are located in a conserved domain of the protein. Addition of Ca²⁺ ions leads to a more compact form of calsequestrin and to polymers. This information would not be obtainable from either of the two techniques alone. Received: 10 February 2000 / Published online: 13 September 2000     

头孢他啶与牛血清白蛋白(BSA)的相互作用

采用荧光、紫外及红外光谱法研究了头孢他啶与牛血清白蛋白(BSA)的结合反应.头孢他啶对BSA的色氨酸残基和酪氨酸残基均具有猝灭作用,其猝灭机理为静态猝灭,两者之间形成新的复合物是导致BSA荧光猝灭的主要原因.获取了复合物的结合常数(298K:1.27×10~4L·mol~(-1);310K:1.33×10~41·mol~(-1)).BSA Ⅱ A结构域的site I位点是其唯一可能结合位点.同步荧光光谱表明头孢他啶造成BSA的酪氨酸残基的极性增强.红外光谱表明头孢他啶引起了BSA二级结构的改变,使其α-螺旋含量降低.     

基于扩散理论的生物组织固有荧光光谱复原方法研究

组织固有荧光光谱定义为未受生物组织吸收、散射作用影响的荧光光谱,能够直接反映组织微观结构和生物化学性质信息。为了减少吸收和散射特性对组织荧光光谱的干扰,从实测的组织荧光光谱中复原更能反映组织荧光特性的组织固有荧光光谱,搭建了基于光纤探头的组织光谱测量系统,实现生物组织相同位置处的荧光光谱和漫反射光谱测量。提出运用扩散理论从实测的漫反射光谱中提取组织生理参数,包括组织中血液体积分数、血氧饱和度、黑色素含量以及波长500 nm处约化散射系数和瑞利散射在总散射中的比例,进而计算可见波段范围内的组织光学参数;然后,根据组织光学参数和实测的漫反射光谱,从实测的荧光光谱中复原得到组织固有荧光光谱。进行临床试验验证,采集受试者皮肤组织荧光光谱与组织漫反射光谱,并复原皮肤固有荧光光谱。通过复原得到的固有荧光光谱反映人体皮肤糖基化终产物积聚量,并最终用于糖尿病无创筛查。结果显示,分别使用实测的荧光光谱和复原得到的固有荧光光谱用于糖尿病筛查时,在特异性水平同为75%时,敏感性分别为69%和90%。     

Excimer emission from glassy films of some aromatic hydrocarbons

The fluorescence emission spectra and fluorescence decay times of amorphous films prepared by evaporation of a number of aromatic hydrocarbons on to a substrate cooled with liquid nitrogen were measured. The fluorescence of such films appears to originate from sites where the interaction between neighbouring molecules is of the same kind as that present in the well-known excimer state. The density of such sites is found to be so high as effectively to prevent energy migration. Some interesting exceptions to this behaviour are noted and comparisons drawn with experimental data reported for excimer formation in solution and in the crystalline phase.     

基于紫外光诱导血浆的三维同步荧光光谱共振能量转移及能量再吸收的分析

利用三维同步荧光光谱技术研究了不同浓度的血浆溶液在紫外光波段的同步荧光光谱.实验结果表明：血浆蛋白的主要的激发峰主要有三个,分别在257 nm、274 nm和280 nm附近,同步荧光光谱峰值大小随着血浆的浓度的变化而有所不同.通过改变Δλ值而获得的同步荧光光谱,表明血浆存在三个同步荧光峰,其Δλ值分别为90 nm、72 nm和44 nm,根据实验数据计算,表明血浆的各个内源荧光团之间存在着荧光共振能量转移以及二次光吸收现象.     

2(水杨醛缩苯胺)-(1,10-邻菲罗啉)合钙的光谱特性

合成了一种新型的蓝光发射材料2(水杨醛缩苯胺)-(1,10-邻菲罗啉)合钙,并利用红外光谱、X射线衍射谱、DSC热分析、UV-vis吸收谱、荧光激发光谱和荧光发射光谱研究了其结构、晶态、热稳定性以及光学特性,分析了它的能态结构和发光机理。结果表明,2(水杨醛缩苯胺)-(1,10-邻菲罗啉)合钙的热稳定性较高,是一种多晶粉末发光材料,禁带宽度2.93eV,在紫外光的激发下,固态荧光发射峰在449.7nm处,在乙醇溶液体系中的荧光发射峰在491nm处,均为蓝色荧光,色纯度高,荧光量子效率高,其荧光发射主要来源于长波吸收带,最大波长吸收带对荧光发射贡献最大。     

一系列金属卟啉化合物的合成及光物理性质的研究

本文合成了一系列金属卟啉化合物并测量了其紫外－可见光谱及其中典型金属卟啉化合物的荧光发射光谱，并将这些光谱结果进行了比较。