On Real Forms of Belyi Surfaces With Symmetric Groups of Automorphisms

In virtue of the Belyi Theorem an algebraic curve can be defined over the algebraic numbers if and only if the corresponding Riemann surface can be uniformized by a subgroup of a Fuchsian triangle group. Such surfaces are known as Belyi surfaces. Here we study the actions of the symmetric groups S _n on Belyi Riemann surfaces. We show that such surfaces are symmetric and we calculate the number of connected components of the corresponding real forms.     

An Arakelov inequality in characteristic p and upper bound of p-rank zero locus

In this paper we show an Arakelov inequality for semi-stable families of algebraic curves of genus g?1 over characteristic p with nontrivial Kodaira-Spencer maps. We apply this inequality to obtain an upper bound of the number of algebraic curves of p-rank zero in a semi-stable family over characteristic p with nontrivial Kodaira-Spencer map in terms of the genus of a general closed fiber, the genus of the base curve and the number of singular fibres. The parallel results for smooth families of Abelian varieties over k with W₂-lifting assumption are also obtained.     

Connections and restrictions to curves

We construct a vector bundle E on a smooth complex projective surface X with the property that the restriction of E to any smooth closed curve in X admits an algebraic connection while E does not admit any algebraic connection.     

Two applications of the subnormality of the Hessenberg matrix related to general orthogonal polynomials

In this paper we prove two consequences of the subnormal character of the Hessenberg matrix D when the hermitian matrix M of an inner product is a moment matrix. If this inner product is defined by a measure supported on an algebraic curve in the complex plane, then D satisfies the equation of the curve in a noncommutative sense. We also prove an extension of the Krein theorem for discrete measures on the complex plane based on properties of subnormal operators.     

The Nöther and Riemann-Roch type theorems for piecewise algebraic curve

A piecewise algebraic curve is a curve determined by the zero set of a bivariate spline function. In this paper, the Nöther type theorems for C ^µ piecewise algebraic curves are obtained. The theory of the linear series of sets of places on the piecewise algebraic curve is also established. In this theory, singular cycles are put into the linear series, and a complete series of the piecewise algebraic curves consists of all effective ordinary cycles in an equivalence class and all effective singular cycles which are equivalent specifically to any effective ordinary cycle in the equivalence class. This theory is a generalization of that of linear series of the algebraic curve. With this theory and the fundamental theory of multivariate splines on smoothing cofactors and global conformality conditions, and the results on the general expression of multivariate splines, we get a formula on the index, the order and the dimension of a complete series of the irreducible C ^µ piecewise algebraic curves and the degree, the genus and the smoothness of the curves, hence the Riemann-Roch type theorem of the C ^µ piecewise algebraic curve is established.     

On the 16th Hilbert problem for limit cycles on nonsingular algebraic curves

We give an upper bound for the maximum number N of algebraic limit cycles that a planar polynomial vector field of degree n can exhibit if the vector field has exactly k nonsingular irreducible invariant algebraic curves. Additionally we provide sufficient conditions in order that all the algebraic limit cycles are hyperbolic. We also provide lower bounds for N.     

Differential geometry “in the large” of plane algebraic curves and integral formulas for invariants of singularities

We generalize the Plücker formula for the number of inflection points of a complex projective curve and derive a formula for the number of sextatic points of such a curve. We also obtain an upper estimate for the number of vertices of a real algebraic curve. The proof uses a new result related with integration on the Euler characteristic. Bibliography: 5 titles. Translated fromZapiski Nauchnykh Seminarov POMI, Vol. 231, 1995, pp. 255–268. Translated by N. Yu. Netsvetaev.     

On the period length of the generalized Lagrange algorithm

The generalized Lagrange algorithm is a number geometric generalization of Lagrange's continued fraction method for computing fundamental unit and class number of real quadratic number fields. This algorithm yields a system of fundamental units and the class number of an arbitrary algebraic number field by means of computing cycles of reduced ideals. In this paper we prove that the cardinality of a cycle of reduced ideals in an ideal class of an order of an algebraic number field is O(R), where R is the regulator of this order, and where the O-constant only depends on the degree of the field. We also give a lower bound on this cardinality.     

Estimation of the Bezout number for piecewise algebraic curve

A piecewise algebraic curve is a curve determined by the zero set of a bivariate spline function.In this paper.a coniecture on trianguation is confirmed The relation between the piecewise linear algebraiccurve and four-color conjecture is also presented.By Morgan-Scott triangulation, we will show the instabilityof Bezout number of piecewise algebraic curves. By using the combinatorial optimization method,an upper     

Torsion points on elliptic curves over a global field

Let C be an elliptic curve defined over a global field K and denote by C_K the group of rational points of C over K. The classical Nagell-Lutz-Cassels theorem states, in the case of an algebraic number field K as groud field, a necessary condition for a point in C_K to be a torsion point, i.e. a point of finite order. We shall prove here two generalized and strongthened versions of this classical result, one in the case where K is an algebraic number field and another one in the case where K is an algebraic function field. The theorem in the number field case turns out to be particularly useful for actually computing torsion points on given families of elliptic curves.     

Valuations,intersections et fonctions de Belyi-quelques remarques sur la construction des hauteurs

We present in this article several possibilities to approach the height of an algebraic curve defined over a number field: as an intersection number via the Arakelov theory, as a limit point of the heights of its algebraic points and, finally, using the minimal degree of Belyi functions.     

The Cayley-Bacharach theorem for continuous piecewise algebraic curves over cross-cut triangulations

A piecewise algebraic curve is a curve determined by the zero set of a bivariate spline function. In this paper, we propose the Cayley-Bacharach theorem for continuous piecewise algebraic curves over cross-cut triangulations. We show that, if two continuous piecewise algebraic curves of degrees m and n respectively meet at mnT distinct points over a cross-cut triangulation, where T denotes the number of cells of the triangulation, then any continuous piecewise algebraic curve of degree m + n − 2 containing all but one point of them also contains the last point.     

Short Proofs Using Compact Representations of Algebraic Integers

We show that under the assumption of a certain generalized Riemann hypothesis the problem of verifying the value of the class number of an arbitrary algebraic number field of arbitrary degree belongs to the complexity class NP. In order to prove this result we introduce compact representations of algebraic integers which allows us to represent a system of fundamental units by (log₂(Δ))^O(1) bits.     

Interpolation Formulas and Auxiliary Functions

We prove an interpolation formula for “semi-cartesian products” and use it to study several constructions of auxiliary functions. We get in this way a criterion for the values of the exponential map of an elliptic curve E defined over Q. It reduces the analogue of Schanuel's conjecture for the elliptic logarithms of E to a statement of the form of a criterion of algebraic independence. We also consider a construction of auxiliary function related to the four exponentials conjecture and show that it is essentially optimal. For analytic functions vanishing on a semi-cartesian product, we get a version of the Schwarz lemma in which the exponent involves a condition of distribution reminiscent of the so-called technical hypotheses in algebraic independence. We show by two examples that such a condition is unavoidable.     

The class-number one problem for some real cubic number fields with negative discriminants

We prove that there are effectively only finitely many real cubic number fields of a given class number with negative discriminants and ring of algebraic integers generated by an algebraic unit. As an example, we then determine all these cubic number fields of class number one. There are 42 of them. As a byproduct of our approach, we obtain a new proof of Nagell's result according to which a real cubic unit ?>1 of negative discriminant is generally the fundamental unit of the cubic order Z[?].     

Chiffres non nuls dans le développement en base entière des nombres algébriques irrationnels

We give an effective lower bound for the number of non-zero digits among the first N digits of the expansion of an irrational algebraic number in an integer base.     

Distribution of Values of Rational Maps on the F p -Points on an Affine Curve

 Let p be a prime number, let be the algebraic closure of , let be an irreducible curve in and a rational map defined on the curve . We investigate the distribution on the torus of the images through h of the -points of .     

Surfaces à points doubles isolés

We give a characterization of the generic projection on P ² of an algebraic surface of P ³ with a finite number of nodes. The construction of an algebraic surface of P ³ with a given number of nodes is thus equivalent to the construction of a plane curve with nodes and cusps in some special position. Received: November 9, 1996