用靛蓝胭脂红-H_2O_2流动注射化学发光法测定水样中的铜(Ⅱ)

在Na2CO3-NaHCO3缓冲溶液中,铜(Ⅱ)对H2O2氧化靛蓝胭脂红的反应具有明显的催化作用.基于此,结合流动注射技术,建立了测定铜(Ⅱ)的化学发光新方法;研究了影响化学发光强度的各种因素.结果表明,在最佳试验条件下,铜(Ⅱ)浓度在1.0×10-8"1.0×10-5 mol·L-1范围内与发光强度呈线性关系,检出限为4.1×10-10 mol·L-1.将该方法用于水样中铜(Ⅱ)的测定,结果满意.     

测定汽油中铅的KMnO_4-Luminol化学发光体系

研究了KMnO4 氧化鲁米诺 (luminol)的化学发光反应过程 ,探讨了铅 (Ⅱ )后续催化该化学发光反应的反应历程 ,建立了在最佳反应条件下利用该后续发光反应定量测试微量铅的方法;采用流动注射化学发光方法测定了汽油中铅含量 ,方法检出限达0.01mg/L ,检测线性范围在1.0×10-7～5.0×10-4 mol/L ,对大量阴阳离子进行了干扰试验 ,结果表明方法有良好的选择性。     

流动注射能量转移化学发光法测定2-氨基丁酸

在碱性条件下 ,N 溴代琥珀酰亚胺 (NBS)氧化 2 氨基丁酸 ,反应能量激发共存的荧光物质 ,产生化学发光。基于此 ,建立了一种测定痕量 2 氨基丁酸的流动注射化学发光分析方法。 2 氨基丁酸浓度在 3.0×1 0 -4～ 0 .1g/L范围内与化学发光强度呈良好的线性关系 ;对 5mg/L的 2 氨基丁酸进行 1 1次平行测定 ,相对标准偏差 (RSD)为 2 .0 % ;根据IUPAC建议 ,计算出 2 氨基丁酸检出限 (3σ)为 8× 1 0 -5g/L。将本法用于化学去龋剂中 2 氨基丁酸含量的测定 ,结果满意     

Ru(phen)3 2+-SDBS-KMnO4化学发光体系检测半胱氨酸的研究

在20mmol·L-1硫酸-1.2mmol.L-1十二烷基苯磺酸钠(SDBS)介质中,半胱氨酸可以增强三(1,10-菲咯啉)钌(Ⅱ)[Ru(phen)32+]-KMnO4化学发光体系的发光强度.基于此,建立了一种化学发光直接检测半胱氨酸的新方法.在优化的实验条件下,该方法的线性范围和检测限分别为2.5×10-2-2.0μg·mL-1和2.1×10-2μg·mL-1,对11份含半胱氨酸0.5μg·mL-1的溶液平行测定的相对标准偏差(R.S.D.)为5.3%.将其用于合成样品中半胱氨酸含量的测定,结果令人满意.并提出了可能的化学发光机理.     

测定汽油中铅的KMnO4—Luminol化学发光体系

研究了KMnO4氧化鲁米诺(luminol)的化学发光反应过程,探讨了铅(Ⅱ)后续催化该化学发光反应的反应历程,建立了在最佳反应条件下利用该后续发光反应定量测试微量铅的方法;采用流动注射化学发光方法测定了汽油中铅含量,方法检出限达0.01mg/L,检测线性范围在1.0×10-7～5.0×10-4mol/L,对大量阴阳离子进行了干扰试验,结果表明方法有良好的选择性.     

2-(2-喹啉偶氮)-4-甲基-1,3-苯二酚固相萃取光度法测定铜的研究

合成了新试剂2-(2-喹啉偶氮)-4-甲基-1,3-苯二酚(QAMDHB),并研究了试剂与铜的显色反应,在pH 2.2磷酸-磷酸二氢钾缓冲介质中,溴化十六烷基三甲基胺(CTMAB)存在下,QAMDHB与铜反应生成21稳定络合物,该络合物可被Waters PorapakR Sep-Park-C18固相萃取小柱萃取,用乙醇洗脱后用光度法测定,在乙醇相中λmax=550nm,ε=3.92×104L@mol-1@cm-1.铜含量在0～1.0μg@ml-1范围内符合比耳定律,方法用于环境水样中铜含量的测定,结果满意.     

基态和亚稳态的Ca、Ba原子与ClO2化学发光反应的动态学研究

在束-气装置上的单次碰撞条件下, 利用低压直流放电选择性地激发碱土金属到亚稳态, 观察了Ca(~1S)、Ca(~1S’~3P)、Ba(~1S)、Ba(~1S, ~3D)+ClO_2。反应的化学发光. 通过测量化学发光总包光强的空间分布, 得到这些反应的总碰撞截面为: Ca(~1S)+ClO_2, 0.97 nm; Ca(~3P)+ClO_2, 1.38 nm; Ba(~1S)+ClO_2, 13.6 nm; Ba(~3D)+ClO_2, 2.39 nm, 计算机模拟化学发光光谱, 发现新生产物MO(M=Ca, Ba)的电子激发态A~1П态的相对振动布居分布是非玻尔兹曼分布的, 求出反应Ba(~3D)+ClO_2和Ca(~3P)+ClO_2产生的MClC~П→X~2 ∑~+跃迁的化学发光截面分别为0.51 nm和0.31 nm, 计算光谱中不同成份的光强, 得到了反应产生MO、MCl的产物分支比. 最后, 讨论了这类反应的机理。     

流动注射化学发光法测定硫脲

基于Fe(Ⅲ)氧化硫脲生成Fe(Ⅱ)的反应和Luminol-O2-Fe(Ⅱ)化学发光反应相偶合,建立了流动注射化学发光测定硫脲的方法。方法检出限为4×10-7mol.L-1,RSD为2%(n=11),方法用于白葡萄酒中硫脲的分析测定,结果满意。     

纳米金催化Luminol-H_2O_2化学发光体系对异烟肼的测定

碱性条件下,纳米金对Luminol-H2O2化学发光体系有增敏作用,而异烟肼对该化学反应具有强烈的抑制作用。基于此,在优化化学发光反应条件的基础上,提出了一种测定异烟肼的新方法,并对其可能的化学发光机理进行了探讨。该方法测定异烟肼的线性范围为0.005~9.0 mg/L,检出限(3σ)为3.0μg/L,相对标准偏差为3.5%(n=11,ρ=0.2 mg/L)。该法已成功用于药物制剂中异烟肼含量的测定。     

高锰酸钾-鲁米诺反应体系中碱土金属离子Mg2+,Ca2+,Sr2+,Ba2+化学发光行为研究

将被认为没有化学发光活性的第二主族(碱土金属)离子Mg^2 ,Ca^2 ,Sr^2 ,Ba^2 溶液注入到已充分反应的高锰酸钾与鲁米诺混合液中时,又发生了新的化学发光反应,并检测到强的化学发光信号．在对有关反应的动力学性质、化学发光光谱、紫外可见光谱及其它一系列实验研究的基础上,提出了可能的化学发光反应机理．同时,优化了反应条件,评价了这一反应用于Mg^2 ,Ca^2 ,Sr^2 ,Ba^2 分析的可行性．     

Sc2MgGa2 and Y2MgGa2

Scandium magnesium gallide, Sc₂MgGa₂, and yttrium magnesium gallide, Y₂MgGa₂, were synthesized from the corresponding elements by heating under an argon atmosphere in an induction furnace. These intermetallic compounds crystallize in the tetragonal Mo₂FeB₂‐type structure. All three crystallographically unique atoms occupy special positions and the site symmetries of (Sc/Y, Ga) and Mg are m2m and 4/m, respectively. The coordinations around Sc/Y, Mg and Ga are pentagonal (Sc/Y), tetragonal (Mg) and triangular (Ga) prisms, with four (Mg) or three (Ga) additional capping atoms leading to the coordination numbers [10], [8+4] and [6+3], respectively. The crystal structure of Sc₂MgGa₂ was determined from single‐crystal diffraction intensities and the isostructural Y₂MgGa₂ was identified from powder diffraction data.     

Zur Kenntnis der Dialkalimetalldichalkogenide β-Na2S2, K2S2, α-Rb2S2, β-Rb2S2, K2Se2, Rb2Se2, α-K2Te2, β-K2Te2 und Rb2Te2

On Dialkali Metal Dichalcogenides β-Na₂S₂, K₂S₂, α-Rb₂S₂, β-Rb₂S₂, K₂Se₂, Rb₂Se₂, α-K₂Te₂, β-K₂Te₂ and Rb₂Te₂ The first presentation of pure samples of α- and β-Rb₂S₂, α- and β-K₂Te₂, and Rb₂Te₂ is described. Using single crystals of K₂S₂ and K₂Se₂, received by ammonothermal synthesis, the structure of the Na₂O₂ type and by using single crystals of β-Na₂S₂ and β-K₂Te₂ the Li₂O₂ type structure will be refined. By combined investigations with temperature-dependent Guinier-, neutron diffraction-, thermal analysis, and Raman-spectroscopy the nature of the monotropic phase transition from the Na₂O₂ type to the Li₂O₂ type will be explained by means of the examples α-/β-Na₂S₂ and α-/β-K₂Te₂. A further case of dimorphic condition as well as the monotropic phase transition of α- and β-Rb₂S₂ is presented. The existing areas of the structure fields of the dialkali metal dichalcogenides are limited by the model of the polar covalence.     

Crystal Structures of [Bu2Sn(O2PPh2)2], [Ph2Sn(O2PPh2)2], and [PhClSn(O2PPh2)OMe]2. Raman Spectra of [Ph2Sn(O2PPh2)2] and [PhClSn(O2PPh2)OMe]2

[(n‐Bu)₂Sn(O₂PPh₂)₂] ( 1 ), and [Ph₂Sn(O₂PPh₂)₂] ( 2 ) have been synthesized by the reactions of R₂SnCl₂ (R=n‐Bu, Ph) with HO₂PPh₂ in Methanol. From the reaction of Ph₂SnCl₂ with diphenylphosphinic acid a third product [PhClSn(O₂PPh₂)OMe]₂ ( 3 ) could be isolated. X‐ray diffraction studies show 1 to crystallize in the monoclinic space group P2₁/c with a = 1303.7(1) pm, b = 2286.9(2) pm, c = 1063.1(1) pm, β = 94.383(6)°, and Z = 4. 2 crystallizes triclinic in the space group , the cell parameters being a = 1293.2(2) pm, b = 1478.5(4) pm, c = 1507.2(3) pm, α = 98.86(3)°, β = 109.63(2)°, γ = 114.88(2)°, and Z = 2. Both compounds form arrays of eight‐membered rings (SnOPO)₂ linked at the tin atoms to form chains of infinite length. The dimer 3 consists of a like ring, in which the tin atoms are bridged by methoxo groups. It crystallizes triclinic in space group with a = 946.4(1) pm, b = 963.7(1) pm, c = 1174.2(1) pm, α = 82.495(6)°, β = 66.451(6)°, γ = 74.922(6)°, and Z = 1 for the dimer. The Raman spectra of 2 and 3 are given and discussed.     

Electrochemical study of (NEt4)2Cl2FeS2MoS2 and (NEt4)2Cl2FeS2MoS2FeCl2

Summary The ability of [MoS₄]^2–, anions to be used as ligands for transition metal ions has been widely demonstrated, especially with Fe²⁺. The present study has been restricted to linear complexes such as (NEt₄)₂ [Cl₂FeS₂MoS₂] and (NEt₄)₂[Cl₂FeS₂MoS₂FeCl₂]. Their electrochemical properties are described: upon electrochemical reduction, these compounds yield MoS₂, as a black precipitate, and an iron complex in solution, assumed to be [SFeCl₂]^2–. The electrochemical reduction goes through two electron transfers, coupled with the breakdown of the molecular skeleton: a DISPl and an ECE mechanism. Depending on the solvent, the following equilibrium may be observed: [Cl₄Fe₂MoS₄]^2–[Cl₂FeMoS₄]^2–+FeCl₂. The equilibrium constant, K_D, was evaluated by differential pulse polarography. K_D is tightly related to the donor number of the solvent.     

The alkali hypophosphites KH2PO2, RbH2PO2 and CsH2PO2

The structures of the hypophosphites KH₂PO₂ (potassium hypophosphite), RbH₂PO₂ (rubidium hypophosphite) and CsH₂PO₂ (caesium hypophosphite) have been determined by single‐crystal X‐ray diffraction. The structures consist of layers of alkali cations and hypophosphite anions, with the latter bridging four cations within the same layer. The Rb and Cs hypophosphites are isomorphous.     

Syntheses,Spectroscopic Studies,and Crystal Structures of Me2Sn(O2PPh2)2, Ph2Pb(O2PMe2)2, and Ph2Pb(O2PPh2)2

Me₂Sn(O₂PPh₂)₂ ( 1 ), Ph₂Pb(O₂PMe₂)₂ ( 2 ), and Ph₂Pb(O₂PPh₂)₂ ( 3 ) have been synthesized by the reactions of Me₂SnCl₂ or Ph₃PbCl with the corresponding diorganophosphinic acid in methanol. X‐ray diffraction studies show that the diorganophosphinate groups behave as double bridges between the metal atoms leading to polymeric ring‐chain structures with M₂O₄P₂ (M = Pb, Sn) eight‐membered rings. The organic groups bonded to the metal atoms are in trans‐position in the resulting octahedral arrangement around the metal atoms. The IR and the mass spectra were reported and discussed.     

Thermal decomposition of Me3SnO2PCl2, Me2Sn(O2PCl2)2 and Ph3SnO2PCl2

TG and DTA studies on Me₃SnO₂PCl₂, Me₂Sn(O₂PCl₂)₂ and Ph₃SnO₂PCl₂ were carried out under dynamic argon atmosphere. The results show that the decomposition proceeds in different stages leading to the formation of Sn₃(PO₄)₂ as a stable product. This compound was characterized by IR spectroscopy. Decomposition schemes involving reductive elimination reactions were proposed.