Catalytic enantioselective Mukaiyama aldol reaction via a chiral indium(III)-pybox complex

A chiral indium(III) complex prepared from indium triflate and a pybox ligand has been developed to give good yields and enantioselectivities (up to 92% ee) in the addition of (1-methoxy-2-methyl-propenyloxy)-trimethylsilane to various aromatic and aliphatic aldehydes via the Mukaiyama aldol reaction.     

新型手性稀土配合物的合成、表征及其在不对称催化反应中的应用

作为符合绿色化学标准的稀土三氟甲磺酸盐Ln(OTf)3化合物打破了传统路易斯酸催化的模式，以其在水中稳定、催化用量少(一般少于10 mol％)和可回收再用的独特性质而受到广泛关注。Ln(OTf)3化合物可以催化许多有机合成反应，得到多种多样重要的合成中间体。但是，到目前为止，手性     

Chirality induction of π-conjugated chains through chiral complexation

Chirality induction of π-conjugated polyanilines through chiral complexation with the chiral palladium(II) complexes was demonstrated to afford the chiral conjugated polymer complexes. Complexation of the emeraldine base of poly(o-toluidine) (POT) with the chiral palladium(II) complex bearing one labile coordination site led to the formation of the chiral conjugated polymer complex, which exhibited an induced circular dichroism (ICD) based on the chirality induction into a π-conjugated backbone. The mirror image of the CD signal was observed with the chiral conjugated polymer complex, which was obtained from the chiral palladium(II) complex possessing the opposite configuration. The chirality of the podand ligand moieties of the palladium complex is considered to induce a propeller twist of the π-conjugated molecular backbone. The crystal structure of the chiral conjugated complex of N-bis(4′-dimethylaminophenyl)-1,4-benzoquinonediimine (L³) as a model compound of the polyaniline revealed a chiral propeller twist conformation of the π-conjugated backbone. Furthermore, chiral complexation with the cationic palladium(II) complexes provided the ionic chiral conjugated complexes.     

Synthesis,characterization and cd spectra studies of chiral calixsalen complexes

A chiral macrocyclic Schiff base ligand and its binuclear metal complexes of Fe, Co, Ni and Cu were synthesized by a modified method with 1,2‐diaminocyclobexane as the starting material, which is readily obtained. The characters of those complexes were studied by elemental analyses, MS, NMR, FT‐IR, UV‐Vis and CD (Circular Dichroism) spectra. Furthermore, the electronic absorption spectra and CD spectra properties of the chiral complexes were discussed.     

金鸡纳生物碱的金属络合物用于苯乙酮的不对称催化还原

金鸡纳生物碱的金属络合物用于苯乙酮的不对称催化还原刘湘（无锡轻工大学化工系无锡２１４０３６）李纪国张正（南京大学化学系南京２１００９３）关键词金鸡纳生物碱手性络合物不对称还原苯乙酮分类号Ｏ６４３．３２近１０多年来，前手性酮的不对称还原反应作为制备光学...     

Asymmetric allyltributylstannane addition to ketones catalyzed by chiral PYBOX-In(III) complex immobilized in ionic liquid

An indium complex of chiral PYBOX was applied in the catalytic asymmetric allylation of ketones in the ionic liquid. It was found that this chiral indium complex was strong enough to promote the reaction of ketones with allyltributylstannane smoothly. The products were obtained in moderate to high enantioselectivities, and the chiral catalyst immobilized in the ionic liquid could be reused with comparable enantioselectivities and yields.     

吡啶二甲酸镓、铟配合物的合成及生物活性

吡啶二甲酸能与过渡、非过渡、镧系和锕系金属离子螯合形成稳定的配合物，而且配位方式不拘一格，既可以是双齿，三齿，也可以是桥式配位。吡啶二甲酸的另一重要意义在于它们的生物活性。由于镓具有抗癌，抗肿瘤的活性，吡啶二甲酸镓配合物可能会是一种非常有潜力的新型药物。基于上述事实，本文合成了六种新型的吡啶二甲酸（2，3-，2，5-，2，6-）镓（Ⅲ）、铟（Ⅲ）配合物，并进一步测试了三种镓配合物的生物活性。     

Asymmetric Allyltributylstannane Addition to Ketones Catalyzed by Chiral Indium（Ⅲ）-PYBOX Complex

An indium complex of chiral pyridine bis(oxazoline)(PYBOX)has been applied to the catalytic asymmetricallylation of ketones.It has been found that this chiral indium complex is strong enough to promote the reaction ofketones with allyltributylstannane smoothly.The products were obtained in moderate yields with low to moderateenantioselectivities.     

The first example of enantioselective isocyanosilylation of meso epoxides with TMSCN catalyzed by novel chiral organogallium and indium complexes

The desymmetrization ring opening of meso epoxides using trimethylsilyl cyanide catalyzed by organogallium and indium complexes with binaphthol monoether derivatives as chiral ligands gave beta-isocyanohydrins with moderate to excellent enantioselectivities of up to 95% ee.     

The synthesis of new chiral rhodium complexes and their crystal structures

Two novel chiral rhodium complexes were successfully synthesized from the reaction of chiral bidentate nitrogen ligands with RhCl₃·3H₂O in ethanol under reflux. Their unusual crystal structures were unambiguously obtained by X‐ray analysis. Copyright © 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

新手性铜络合物的制备及在烯烃不对称环丙烷化中的应用

设计并合成了2个新的手性源S-(一)-α-取代-2-羟基-5-甲基苄胺,从该手性源合成了4个光活性铜络合物,考察了它们对苯乙烯、1,1-二苯乙烯和2,4-二甲基-2,5-已二烯的不对称环丙烷化反应的光学诱导活性.结果表明,由S-(一)-1-(2-羟基-5-甲基苯基)-2-甲基丙胺与2-羟基萘甲醛缩合而得到的Schiff碱为配体的铜络合物的诱导活性最佳.     

Indium-catalyzed enantioselective allylation of aldehydes with β-carbonyl allylstannanes: An efficient synthetic method for chiral α-methylene-γ-lactones

The catalytic enantioselective allylation of aldehydes with β-carbonyl allyltributylstannanes in the presence of chiral indium complexes gave the optically active homoallylic alcohols, which can be converted to the corresponding optically active α-methylene-γ-butyrolactones.     

手性Salen配合物水解拆分环氧氯丙烷的动力学

在立体控制合成有机化合物方面,环氧化合物是一类极有价值的中间体,其中以外消旋混合物形式存在的端基环氧化合物因其价廉易得更是备受关注. 在试图获得高光学纯形式环氧化物的研究中,Jacobsen等[1]对消旋的端基环氧化物的水解动力学拆分(HKR)反应,取得了令人鼓舞的结果,获得了高立体选择性和高产率的手性环氧化物(Y=44%,e.e.＞98%)和1,2-二醇化合物(Y=50%,e.e.=98%). 在该项研究中,水是唯一的试剂,手性Salen-CoⅢ显示出良好的催化性能,并得到反应速率与催化剂浓度的平方成正比的反应动力学结果. Jacobsen等[2]又将手性Salen-CoⅢ催化剂固载于聚苯乙烯树脂和硅胶上,用于催化HKR反应,产物的对映选择性又获得进一步提高(Y=41%,e.e.=99%);他们提出了与Salen-CrⅢ配合物催化TMSN3(三甲基叠氮基硅烷)开环环氧化物相似的双金属协同作用机理[3]. 近年来,Salen金属催化的HKR反应广泛地用于高光学纯药物中间体和天然产物的制备. 首先,Jacobsen等[4,5]成功地利用HKR反应高选择性地制备合成出多种β-肾上腺素的关键中间体,并完成了天然产物Muconin的首次全合成. 随后,Gurjar等[6]和Gandour等[7]也通过HKR反应合成了一些在天然产物及药物分子不对称合成中有广泛应用的中间体. 在国内,上海有机化学所的戴立信等[8]利用HKR反应成功地合成了三种β-肾上腺素的构建模块. 吴毓林等[9,10]则通过HKR反应完成了天然番茄枝内酯类化合物4-Deoxyannomontacin的全合成. 所有这些工作,或是重在提高产物的对映体过量及催化剂的活性,或是重在HKR反应在天然产物及药物化学合成中的应用. 由于对外消旋环氧化物的水解拆分反应机理缺乏详细的研究,从而限制了对新型催化剂的开发及对现有催化剂的改进. 本文以各类手性Salen金属配合物为催化剂,通过对水解拆分环氧氯丙烷反应动力学的研究,考察了浓度、温度、催化剂种类对HKR反应的影响,得到一些反应动力学规律;根据动力学实验数据,进一步证实了环氧氯丙烷的水解拆分反应属于双金属催化的过程.     

Synthesis and optical properties of (a)chiral terpyridine-ruthenium complexes

Chiral terpyridine ligands have been synthesized and characterized. By applying Ru(III)/Ru(II) chemistry, symmetrical as well as asymmetrical bis-terpyridine ruthenium(II) complexes were obtained. These materials were fully characterized and their optical properties investigated. While the chiral metal complexes revealed no Cotton effect in good solvents such as chloroform, CD-measurements in dodecane showed an effect in both ligand and MLCT regions, suggesting chirality transfer from the lateral alkyl chains to the complex core. This behavior points to the formation of supramolecular aggregates in dodecane. Furthermore, the analogous achiral ligand and its corresponding ruthenium(II) complexes were prepared.     

手性金属配合物d-[Co(EDTA)]-和l-[Co(EDTA)]-经Caco-2细胞单层模型的转运吸收

采用动力学研究方法测定了手性金属配合物d-[Co(EDTA)]-和l-[Co(EDTA)]-跨Caco-2细胞单层的转运速率. 研究发现, 由于金属配合物的手性差异, 导致d-[Co(EDTA)]-和l-[Co(EDTA)]-经Caco-2细胞单层的转运速率明显不同; 手性金属配合物经Caco-2细胞单层转运吸收时存在手性选择性, 表明小肠对手性金属配合物药物可能有选择性吸收; d-[Co(EDTA)]-和l-[Co(EDTA)]-经Caco-2细胞单层的转运依赖浓度梯度驱动, 说明该对映体配合物经Caco-2细胞单层转运吸收时存在简单扩散的转运方式.     

Chiral tripode approach toward multiple anion sensing with lanthanide complexes

A chiral tripodal ligand was demonstrated to form a series of lanthanide complexes exhibiting multiple anion-sensing profiles, which incorporated a fluorescent quinoline and a stereo-controlled substituent in a tetradentate skeleton. This mainly gave 1:2 (lanthanide cation/ligand) complexes with lanthanide triflates but 1:1 complexes with lanthanide nitrates. Since addition of external guest anion dynamically changed the preferred stoichiometry, the chiral lanthanide complexes exhibited anion-responsive fluorescence, luminescence, and circular dichroism spectral characteristics as multiple anion-sensing probes.     

A study of the chelation reaction of gallium and indium with Arsenazo 1

The chelation reactions of gallium and indium with Arsenazo 1, i.e., 3-[(o-arsonophenyl)azo]-4,5-dihydroxy-2,7-naphthalene disulfonic acid, have been studied in detail. The nature and number of complexes formed was studied and it was found that gallium and indium form only one complex with Arsenazo 1. The composition of the complexes formed was found by various methods and it was found that both the complexes have composition 1:1 (metal:reagent). The values of log K were calculated by different methods at four different fixed values of ionic strength. For both the complexes, the value of thermodynamic stability constant has been obtained by plotting values of log K against ionic strength and extrapolating the curves to zero ionic strength. A tentative suggestion about the structure of the chelate ring has been made. The studies were further extended to the analytical aspects of the complexes and a suitable procedure has been recommended for the spectrophotometric determination of gallium and indium using this reagent.     

Vanadyl salen complexes covalently anchored to an imidazolium ion as catalysts for the cyanosilylation of aldehydes in ionic liquids

Two vanadyl salen complexes having peripheral styryl substituents have been reacted with 1-methyl-3-(3-mercaptopropyl)-imidazolium chloride using azoisobutyronitrile as radical initiator. The resulting compounds contain at the same time a vanadyl salen complex and one imidazolium cation. In agreement with the expectations in view of their structure, these compounds were insoluble in conventional organic solvents, but completely miscible in imidazolium ionic liquids. These vanadyl salen complexes bonded to an imidazolium cation are highly active and reusable catalysts for the cyanosilylation of aldehydes. Moderate enantiomeric excesses were obtained using the chiral version of this complex.     

Mechanism of living lactide polymerization by dinuclear indium catalysts and its impact on isoselectivity

A family of racemic and enantiopure indium complexes 1-11 bearing bulky chiral diaminoaryloxy ligands, H(NNO(R)), were synthesized and fully characterized. Investigation of both the mono- and the bis-alkoxy-bridged complexes [(NNO(R))InX](2)[μ-Y][μ-OEt] (5, R = (t)Bu, X = Y = Cl; 8, R = Me, X = I, Y = OEt) by variable temperature, 2D NOESY, and PGSE NMR spectroscopy confirmed dinuclear structures in solution analogous to those obtained by single-crystal X-ray crystallography. The dinuclear complexes in the family were highly active catalysts for the ring-opening polymerization (ROP) of lactide (LA) to form poly(lactic acid) (PLA) at room temperature. In particular, complex 5 showed living polymerization behavior over a large molecular weight range. A detailed investigation of catalyst stereoselectivity showed that, although (R,R/R,R)-5 is highly selective for l-LA, only atactic PLA is obtained in the polymerization of racemic LA. No such selectivity was observed for complex 8. Importantly, the selectivities obtained for the ROP of racemic LA with (R,R/R,R)-5 and (R,R/R,R)-8 are different and, along with kinetics investigations, suggest a dinuclear propagating species for these complexes.     

手性八配位镧系络合物的立体化学与固体CD光谱

本文立体选择性地合成了八配位Ln（III）络合物[Eu（dbm）3L^RR]（1）、[Eu（dbm）3L^SS]（2）和[Tb（dbm）3L^RR]（3）（L^RR／L^SS=（-）／（＋）-4,5-蒎烯基联吡啶,Hdbm=二苯甲酰甲烷）,利用单晶衍射、Uv-vis和固体CD光谱对其进行了表征．晶体结构分析和固体CD光谱表明1和2互为对映体．采用激子手性方法,通过与六配位和七配位的β-二酮络合物的固体CD光谱的对比,提出含β-二酮的八配位Ln（III）络合物的绝对构型关联规则．该系列络合物的畸变四方反棱柱的△或∧绝对构型也被其单晶结构所证实．