高效液相色谱-电感耦合等离子体质谱联用测定DNA分子中4种脱氧核苷酸

建立了用反相离子对色谱和电感耦合等离子体质谱的联用技术同时测定DNA分子中4种脱氧核苷酸的含量。液相流动相最佳条件是:pH4.8,甲醇2.5%,10mmol/LNH4Ac。为了避免直接测定31P时14N16O1H ,15N16O 等复合离子的干扰造成信噪较差的问题,利用碰撞/反应池技术(CCT)加入O2和31P生成31P16O复合离子后测定该复合离子的信号可提高测定磷的信噪比。使用该联用技术测定4种脱氧核苷酸的检出限分别为0.211μmol/L(dCMP)、0.204μmol/L(dTMP)、0.173μmol/L(dGMP)和0.225μmol/L(dAMP),并且测定经过核酸酶酶解的质粒DNA后生成的4种脱氧核苷酸的含量分别是:152.9±2.4μmol/L(dCMP)、228.2±4.0μmol/L(dTMP)、125.3±3.0μmol/L(dGMP)和222.9±3.3μmol/L(dAMP)。     

原位氮掺杂石墨烯修饰电极同时检测苯二酚3种异构体

利用多巴胺的聚合及还原特性,制备聚多巴胺包覆还原氧化石墨烯,在氮气保护下煅烧,制得氮原位掺杂石墨烯(C/N-Graphene)。应用扫描电镜(SEM)、透射电镜(TEM)、傅里叶变换红外(FT-IR)光谱表征该复合物的形貌和结构。应用滴涂及Nafion膜固定法制备C/N-Graphene修饰玻碳电极(C/N-Graphene/GCE)。该修饰电极对苯二酚3种异构体的氧化反应表现出优异的电催化性能和选择性,差分脉冲伏安法(DPV)峰电流与对苯二酚(HQ)、邻苯二酚(CC)、间苯二酚(RC)的浓度呈良好的线性关系,其线性范围分别为0.5~1 000μmol/L、0.5~460μmol/L和0.1~580μmol/L,检出限分别为0.251μmol/L、0.144μmol/L和0.072μmol/L。该方法应用于药厂废水和江水检测,3种苯二酚异构体回收率为97.0%~103.0%,相对标准偏差(RSD)小于5%(n=5),结果表明C/N-Graphene/GCE修饰电极适用于污染水样的快速检测。     

碳纳米管/对氯四苯基锰卟啉修饰电极同时测定二羟基苯异构体

制备了碳纳米管/对氯四苯基锰卟啉修饰的玻碳电极,研究了三种二羟基苯异构体在该修饰电极上的电化学行为。由于碳纳米管独特的性能及与对氯四苯基锰卟啉特殊的协同效应,异构体在该修饰电极上的氧化峰电流均显著增大。利用差分脉冲伏安法(DPV)可同时检测三种异构体,在pH=6.5的磷酸盐缓冲溶液(PBS)中,邻苯二酚(CC)、间苯二酚(RC)、对苯二酚(HQ)峰电流与其浓度分别在0.8～280.0μmol/L、1.5～85.0μmol/L和0.4～200.0μmol/L范围内呈良好的线性关系,其检出限分别为0.5μmol/L、1.0μmol/L和0.2μmol/L。该电极具有良好重现性和稳定性。     

毛细管区带电泳测定人体血清中高半胱氨酸和谷胱甘肽

应用毛细管区带电泳-紫外检测法简单、快速地测定人体血清中的高半胱氨酸和谷胱甘肽。实验得到最佳条件是:以pH=2.1的20mmol/L Tris-H3PO4为背景电解质,分离电压为25kV,温度是25℃,检测波长是220nm。结果表明:高半胱氨酸和谷胱甘肽分别在200～1 000μmol/L和100～600μmol/L范围内呈良好的线性关系,相关系数(r)分别为0.9988和0.9949,检出限(S/N=3)分别是8.63μmol/L和14.21μmol/L。日内(n=5)和日间(n=3)峰面积的相对标准偏差(RSD)分别是1.29%～3.60%、2.18%～4.20%和1.17%～4.35%、1.99%～4.91%,精密度和重复性均良好。回收率的结果也较好。该方法可应用于检测人体血清中的高半胱氨酸和谷胱甘肽。     

白藜芦醇衍生物的合成及抑制宫颈癌HeLa细胞肿瘤活性

以白藜芦醇、氯乙酰氯、对甲苯磺酰氯、对甲苯甲酰氯为原料,合成9种新的白藜芦醇衍生物,其结构经IR,1HNMR,13C NMR和HRMS所表征.用3-(4,5-二甲基噻唑-2)-2,5-二苯基四氮唑溴盐(MTT)法测试了目标化合物抑制宫颈癌HeLa细胞的肿瘤活性,结果表明:化合物4a,6a,7b,8b和11c对HeLa细胞的抑制活性比白藜芦醇高,其中化合物6a和8b的抑制效果最明显,其IC50值分别为22.7和18.0μmol/L,活性高于白藜芦醇(IC50=114μmol/L),且在150μmol/L浓度下对HeLa细胞的抑制率达95.5%和87.7%.     

分子印迹纳米荧光探针检测莠去津

以莠去津为模板分子,合成了一种分子印迹荧光纳米材料,并通过荧光分光光度计(MF)、傅里叶红外变换光谱(FT-IR)、高分辨透射电子显微镜(HRTEM)对该材料进行表征。应用其对莠去津进行检测,考察荧光稳定性、结合时间、溶剂p H和选择性吸附对荧光猝灭的影响。在最优条件下,得到莠去津线性范围为0.1~100μmol/L,检出限为0.0012μmol/L。在3种加标浓度(0.5,5和50μmol/L)下,莠去津的回收率分别为89.4%,90.3%和95.6%,相对标准偏差分别为2.6%,3.8%和5.8%(n=5)。     

噻吩甲酰三氟丙酮(TTFA)抑制琥珀酸泛醌还原酶的双位点性质

Dixon作图法和双倒数作图法都表明TTFA有两个抑制位点.低浓度下(0-20μmol/L)的高亲和位点对Q_2呈非竞争性,高浓度下(20μmol/L以上)的低亲和位点呈竞争性.由此得出结论:泛醌还原的两步反应均被TTFA抑制,低浓度时只抑制后半步从半醌还原成氢醌的反应,高浓度时对从泛醌到半醌以及半醌到氢醌两个半反应都抑制.     

多壁碳纳米管修饰玻碳电极伏安法测定香草醛

制备了羧基化多壁碳纳米管修饰玻碳电极(c-MWCNTs/GCE),采用循环伏安法在0.5 mol/L HCl中研究了食品添加剂香草醛的电化学行为。结果显示,该修饰电极对香草醛的电化学氧化具有良好的电催化作用,与裸玻碳电极相比电流响应显著增强。香草醛在该修饰电极上的氧化为不可逆的扩散控制过程。在最佳条件下,采用二阶导数线性扫描伏安法进行测定,香草醛的氧化峰电流与其浓度在0.1～6.0μmol/L和6.0～100μmol/L范围内呈良好的线性关系,检出限(S/N=3)为0.02μmol/L。该修饰电极具有良好的重现性(RSD=4.6%)和稳定性。方法应用于食品中香草醛的测定,回收率为96.3%～104%。     

含哌嗪酰胺类杨梅素衍生物的合成及生物活性

以杨梅苷、哌嗪和各种芳香酸为原料,通过甲基化保护羟基和脱苷形成选择性单一的杨梅素中间体,然后以三步取代反应连接哌嗪和芳香酸,合成了13个新型含哌嗪酰胺类杨梅素衍生物.采用四甲基偶氮唑盐(MTT)比色法测试了化合物对人类乳腺癌细胞(MDA-MB-231)体外增殖的抑制活性.结果表明,大多数含哌嗪酰胺的杨梅素衍生物对MDA-MB-231细胞表现出较好的抑制活性.当浓度为1μmol/L时,化合物4a和4i的抑制活性均高于阳性对照药盐酸表阿霉素;当浓度为10μmol/L时,化合物4h和4i的抑制活性高达86.7%和83.6%.     

对硫磷在纳米氧化铝薄膜修饰电极上的电化学行为及其测定

制备了纳米氧化铝修饰玻碳电极(nano-Al2O3/GCE/CME),用循环伏安法(CV)、线性扫描伏安法(LSV)研究了对硫磷(TP)在nano-Al2O3/GCE/CME上的电化学行为.实验表明,该修饰电极与裸电极相比能显著提高TP的氧化还原峰电流并降低其氧化峰电位.在0.1 mol/L HAc-NaAc缓冲溶液(pH =5)中,TP在该修饰电极上产生1个不可逆的还原峰( Epc1=-0.567 V)和1对可逆氧化还原峰( Epa2=0.018 V和Epc2=-0.008 V) ,氧化峰电流与TP的浓度在2.5×10-9～1.0×10-7 mol/L和1.0×10-7～1.0×10-5 mol/L范围内具有良好的线性关系,回归方程分别为: ip(μA)=0.2529+4.201C(μmol/L), r=0.9984和ip(μA)=0.6752+0.3181C(μmol/L), r=0.9946.开路富集30 s后,检出限为1.0 ×10-9 mol/L(S/N=3).在1.0×10-5 mol/L TP试液中连续测定10次,其RSD为3.8%.用此方法测定了蔬菜中TP的含量,回收率为95. 6%～100.5% ,结果满意.     

二氧化碳和丙烯直接合成甲基丙烯酸的NiPMo/TiO2催化剂的研究

用溶胶-凝胶法以磷钼酸(MPA)的镍盐溶液水解钛酸四丁酯制备了NiPMo/TiO2催化剂.使用ICP、 XRD、 TG-DTA、 IR、 TPD-MS和微反应技术研究了催化剂的化学组成、热稳定性、化学吸附性质和催化反应性能.杂多钼酸盐与TiO2通过O2-在TiO2表面发生了键合.在623 K下,杂多阴离子仍保持原有的Keggin结构.CO2在Lewis酸位Ni(Ⅱ)和Lewis碱位Ni-O-Mo的桥氧协同作用下生成CO2卧式吸附态Ni(Ⅱ)←O-(CO)←(O--Ni).丙烯有多种吸附态在催化剂上吸附.在563 K、 1 MPa和空速1500 h-1的反应条件下,丙烯的摩尔转化率为3.2%,产物MAA选择性为95%.     

Toward new camptothecins. Part 6: Synthesis of crucial ketones and their use in Friedländer reaction

In the context of the preparation of camptothecin and luotonin A analogs, the synthesis of some key keto-precursors and their use in Friedländer condensation are described. This paper also focuses on the stability of these keto intermediates and emphasizes the major differences between indolizinones and pyrroloquinazolinones series. Noteworthy is also the report of some original structures isolated as by-products of some experiments.     

CoFe2O4自形成磁性液体场致结构化对磁化的影响

The Langevin paramagnetic theory can’t describe the relation between magnetization of ferrofluids and applied magnetic field. The structuralization of ferrofluids, which is considered the main influence factor of the magnetization, is regarded. The part of magnetization works is deposited when the structure is forming. This action influences the magnetization of ferrofluids directly or indirectly. On the base of the “compressing” model, the Langevin function that usually describes the magnetization of ferrofluid is modified, and a well-fitted curve is obtained. An equation of the relation between the equivalent volume fraction after being “compressed” and the intensity of magnetic field is discovered, which approximately describes the process of magnetization. The relation between the approximate initial susceptibility and the volume fraction can be obtained from modified formula.     

Highly regioselective Buchwald–Hartwig amination at C-2 of 2,4-dichloropyridine enabling a novel approach to 2,4-bisanilinopyridine (BAPyd) libraries

The highly regioselective Buchwald–Hartwig amination at C-2 of the cheap and readily accessible reagent, 2,4-dichloropyridine with a range of anilines and heterocyclic amines is described. This new methodology is robust and provides a facile access to 4-chloro-N-phenylpyridin-2-amines on 0.25 mol scale. These intermediates undergo a further Buchwald–Hartwig amination at higher temperature to enable rapid exploration of the chemical space at C-4 and to provide a library of 2,4-bisaminopyridines.     

KMnO4-mediated oxidative CN bond cleavage of tertiary amines: Synthesis of amides and sulfonamides

KMnO₄-mediated oxidative CN bond cleavage of tertiary amines producing secondary amine was introduced, which was trapped by electrophiles (acyl chloride and sulfonyl chloride) to form amides and sulfonamides. The reaction could take place at mild condition, tolerating a wide range of function groups and affording products in moderate to excellent yields.     

Chemistry of heterocyclic compounds at the A. E. Favorsky Irkutsk Institute of Chemistry, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, over 50 years (Review)

The review contains a concise historical account and information on the most significant researches undertaken by the staff at the A. E. Favorsky Irkutsk Institute of Chemistry, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences on the Chemistry of Heterocyclic Compounds. Dedicated to Academician of the Russian Academy of Sciences B. A. Trofimov on his 70th jubilee. Translated from Khimiya Geterotsiklicheskikh Soedinenii, No. 10, pp. 1443–1502, October, 2008.     

Sulfur-directed metal-free and regiospecific methyl C(sp3)–H imidation of thioanisoles

Regiospecific and direct imidation of the methyl C(sp³)–H bond of thioanisoles is realized under mild and metal-free conditions with N-fluorobis(benzenesulfonyl)imide as an oxidant and nitrogen source. Proposed mechanism suggests that thionium ion intermediates and a Pummerer-type reaction are involved. The imidation has advantages such as high step-economy, excellent functionality tolerance, and regiospecificity, giving structurally diverse imidation products.     

Selective syntheses of 2H-1,3-oxazines and 1H-pyrrol-3(2H)-ones via temperature-dependent Rh(II)-carbenoid-mediated 2H-azirine-ring expansion

The Rh(II)-catalyzed reaction of 2-carbonyl-substituted 2H-azirines with ethyl 2-cyano-2-diazoacetate or 2-diazo-3,3,3-trifluoropropionate provides an easy access to 2H-1,3-oxazines and 1H-pyrrol-3(2H)-ones. These compounds can be selectively prepared from the same starting material using temperature as the only varied parameter. The 2-azabuta-1,3-diene intermediate, a common precursor for both heterocyclic products, isomerizes into 2H-1,3-oxazine under kinetic control, while 1H-pyrrol-3(2H)-one is the sole product of the reaction at elevated temperatures. According to DFT-calculations a one-atom oxazine ring contraction involving ring-opening to a 2-azabuta-1,3-diene intermediate, followed by a 1,5- and 1,2-prototropic shift leads to the consecutive formation of imidoylketene and azomethine ylide, which then further undergo cyclization to the pyrrole derivative.     

Synthesis of 1-benzyloxypyrazin-2(1H)-one derivatives

Different approaches for the synthesis of 1-benzyloxypyrazin-2(1H)-one derivatives from simple amino acids have been investigated. A library of 33 precursors for the preparation of N-hydroxy pyrazinones was obtained in moderate to good yields.