2006年基本物理常数国际推荐值

文章给出了国际科学技术数据委员会（简称CODATA）向全世界推荐的一组2006年基本物理常数及转换因子自洽数值.这组数据代替了先前推荐的2002 CODATA基本物理常数组.从上一次平差的截止日期2002年12月31日到这一次平差的截止日期2006年12月31日,尽管只过了4年的时间,实验和理论上一系列进展使我们对这些常数的知识有了显著改善.     

2006年基本物理常数国际推荐值

文章给出了国际科学技术数据委员会(简称CODATA)向全世界推荐的一组2006年基本物理常数及转换因子自洽数值.这组数据代替了先前推荐的2002 CODATA基本物理常数组.从上一次平差的截止日期2002年12月31日到这一次平差的截止日期2006年12月31日,尽管只过了4年的时间,实验和理论上一系列进展使我们对这些常数的知识有了显著改善.     

基本物理化学常数的CODATA最新推荐值

文章给出了由国际科学技术数据委员会（简称CODATA）推荐的基本物理化学常数及转换因子的1998的自洽组的数值,供国际上普遍使用。新推荐值的村准不确定度,与1986年推荐值的相应不确定度比较,在多数情况下,前约为后者的1／5至1／12,而在某些情况下,则为其1／160,然后,几科在所有情况下,1998年数值与1986年相应值之差的绝对值均小于1986年数值的标准不确定度的两倍。     

基本物理常数的1986年国际推荐值改正情况的说明

本刊1987年第1期发表的基本物理常数的数值是很据1986年7月国际科学技术数据委员会(CO-DATA)成立二十周年会议上发表的数据(由B.N.Taylor和E.R.Cohen编辑).原编者将这些数据在1986年11月的CODATA Bulletin,No.63中发表时,对原来发表的数值和不确定度作了部分修改.现根据其修正情况作如下更正(见表1,表中“页行”栏的数字表示1987年第1期《物理》的页数和行数).基本物理常数的1986年国际推荐值改正情况的说明@沈乃澂     

An observation of Relationship between the Fine Structure Constant and the Gibbs Phenomenon in Fourier Analysis

A value given by a simple mathematical expression is proposed,which is close to the fine structure constant given by 1998 CODATA recommended values of the fundamental physical constants up to relative accuracy 10^-7.This expression is related closely with the value of the overshoot of the Gibbs phenomenon in the Fourier analysis.     

基本物理常数

1986年的最小二乘法平差已得出了物理和化学的基本常数及转换因子的一组新的推荐值. 国际科协科技数据委员会(CODATA)最近发表了一份报告,根据二百多次不同测量结果的最小二乘法平差推导出物理化学的基本常数和转换因子的一组自洽数值.1986年的数值组代替了1973年最小二乘怯平差得出的前一组数值. 和过去几次基本物理常数的最小二乘法一样,1986年的平差数据分为两类:辅助常数和随机输入数据.辅助常数有些是定义的常数(如e和v0),它们的不确定度为零,另一些的测量值非常精密,使人们可以认为是精确的,即在与随机输入数据的不确定度比较时,它…     

基本物理常数概述及牛顿引力常数的测量

据不完全统计,基本物理常数有160余个之多,覆盖物理学各个领域。自国际科学技术数据委员会(CODATA)1973年首次发表国际推荐值以来,至今已发表了6次推荐值。文章介绍了基本物理常数的分类以及近期发表的基本物理常数领域的主要成就。这些成就及新的突破对物理学和计量学具有重要的意义。牛顿引力常数是测量万有引力的重要常数,具有深远的意义,但其数值极小,因此测量难度很大;二百余年来,科学家精益求精,不断更新方法,以求减小其测量的不确定度。     

基本物理常数概述及牛顿引力常数的测量

据不完全统计,基本物理常数有160余个之多,覆盖物理学各个领域。自国际科学技术数据委员会(CODATA)1973年首次发表国际推荐值以来,至今已发表了6次推荐值。文章介绍了基本物理常数的分类以及近期发表的基本物理常数领域的主要成就。这些成就及新的突破对物理学和计量学具有重要的意义。牛顿引力常数是测量万有引力的重要常数,具有深远的意义,但其数值极小,因此测量难度很大;二百余年来,科学家精益求精,不断更新方法,以求减小其测量的不确定度。     

三届基本物理常数CODATA平差综述

评述了最近三届基本物理常数CODATA(1998,2002,2006)推荐值,阐述了各阶段所依据的主要实验及理论上的新进展,介绍了三个实验新技术对物理常数发展的特殊作用.     

三届基本物理常数CODATA平差综述

评述了最近三届基本物理常数CODATA（1998,2002,2006）推荐值,阐述了各阶段所依据的主要实验及理论上的新进展,介绍了三个实验新技术对物理常数发展的特殊作用.     

Expansions for the eigenvalues of three-term recurrence relations. Two applications in molecular physics

Approximate expressions for the eigenvalue of a three-term recurrence relation with a general form describing various physical problems are proposed. Their range of availability is examined by comparison with exact values for two different problems: the bound and continuum states of monoelectronic diatomic ions and the Schr?dinger equation describing molecular alignment in intense laser fields. For each case, very good predictions have been obtained, which may be useful as initial values in iterative procedures for deriving exact solutions. Received: 30 January 1998 / Received in final form: 10 April 1998 / Accepted: 25 May 1998     

Influence of steps and defects on the dissociative adsorption of molecular hydrogen on silicon surfaces

-4 . Neither the absolute values nor the temperature dependence of adsorption on the terraces are affected by the misorientation. Received: 3 November 1998     

Differential cross sections for high energy elastic hadron-hadron scattering in nonperturbative QCD

Total and differential cross sections for high energy and small momentum transfer elastic hadron-hadron scattering are studied in QCD using a functional integral approach. The hadronic amplitudes are governed by vacuum expectation values of lightlike Wegner-Wilson loops, for which a matrix cumulant expansion is derived. The cumulants are evaluated within the framework of the Minkowskian version of the model of the stochastic vacuum. Using the second cumulant, we calculate elastic differential cross sections for hadron-hadron scattering. The agreement with experimental data is good. Received: 3 September 1998 / Published online: 19 November 1998     

Effective charges for 88Sr and 90Zr closed-shell cores

Effective charges are calculated for protons and neutrons in the region of mass 90. It is found that their magnitudes differ appreciably depending on whether the proton p _1/2 shell is empty or full. The calculated values are compared with values deduced from nuclei with simple configurations, and from a fit to N=50 data. The empirical values are used in shell-model calculations of quadrupole moments of N=50-58 nuclei. Received: 16 February 1998     

An accuracy check for relative oscillator strengths using an intensity/linewidth method applied to precise data

A new intensity/linewidth method of opacity measurement is applied to a published set of precise Fourier transform spectrometer measurements for the purpose of establishing the accuracy of literature values of relative Fe II oscillator strengths. Eight sets of oscillator strength values are compared, including recent experimental values of Bergeson et al. (1996) and new theoretical values of Raassen and Uylings (1998). Remarkably good agreement between linewidth-predicted and intensity-derived intensity reduction factors is found using the recent values, in the process verifying the method itself.     

Configuration space for random walk dynamics

Applied to statistical physics models, the random cost algorithm enforces a Random Walk (RW) in energy (or possibly other thermodynamic quantities). The dynamics of this procedure is distinct from fixed weight updates. The probability for a configuration to be sampled depends on a number of unusual quantities, which are explained in this paper. This has been overlooked in recent literature, where the method is advertised for the calculation of canonical expectation values. We illustrate these points for the 2d Ising model. In addition, we prove a previously conjectured equation which relates microcanonical expectation values to the spectral density. Received: 13 May 1998 / Received in final form and Accepted: 26 May 1998     

试样的内耗值与振动系统内耗值的比较

推导了四个力学模型和它们对应振动系统的内耗表达式，并给出了试样内耗值与振动系统内耗值的关系.发现对于不同的力学模型，或者说不同力学性质的材料，试样的内耗值与振动系统的内耗值有不同的关系. 关键词：     

CCD位移传感器结构参量计算方法

推导了CCD位移传感器的计算公式,给出了一种位移传感器结构参量的数值逼近计算方法,实验结果表明,利用该方法确定CCD位移传感器的结构参量,可提高测量精度.     

Investigations on phase locking in a two-dimensional Josephson junction array within the Werthamer and the RCSJ model

The synchronization properties of a simple two-dimensional Josephson array consisting of two coupled SQUID cells are studied within the Werthamer as well as the RCSJ model. Special emphasis is placed on the role of inductances arranged perpendicular and parallel to the current bias direction for the phase locking behavior. The general behavior within the Werthamer model is found to be similar to that within the RCSJ model. However, there are quantitative differences, e.g. an enhanced phase shift between the voltage oscillations within one cell and a shift of the parameter range for the in-phase regime between different cells towards lower values of the McCumber parameter in the Werthamer model. Received: 23 March 1998 / Revised: 3 June 1998 / Accepted: 9 June 1998