一类分段光滑映象中有新特征的激变

讨论了描述一类电子张弛振子的分段光滑映象中的两种不连续性导致激变的特性.一种激变发生的机理是一个混沌吸引子吸引域内的不稳定周期轨道与映象的不连续区碰撞;而另一种激变的机理是一个混沌吸引子与两个映象的不连续区构成的“映孔”碰撞.发现第一种激变的平均层流相长度的标度律为〈τ〉∝^-1.8,层流相长度分布的标度律为P(τ)=1〈τ〉·exp-τ〈τ〉,而第二种激变的标度律分别为〈τ〉∝exp(k^-1/2)和P(τ)=1〈τ〉exp-τ〈τ〉.关键词：     

无序超导的动力学理论

基于分形振子(fracton)-电子相互作用,提出了一个无序超导的动力学理论;证明了无序超导体中的电子通过交换虚分形振子可能产生一个有效的吸引作用,它使得具有相反波矢和自旋的电子组成库珀对,从而导致超导。本理论从动力学观点导出了渗流超导的临界温度。关键词：     

一类新的边界激变现象:混沌的边界激变

混沌吸引子的激变是一类普遍现象.借助于广义胞映射图论(generalized cell mapping digraph)方法发现了嵌入在分形吸引域边界内的混沌鞍,这个混沌鞍由于碰撞混沌吸引子导致混沌吸引子完全突然消失,是一类新的边界激变现象,称为混沌的边界激变.可以证明混沌的边界激变是由于混沌吸引子与分形吸引域边界上的混沌鞍相碰撞产生的,在这种情况下,当系统参数通过激变临界值时,混沌吸引子连同它的吸引域突然消失,同时这个混沌鞍也突然增大关键词：广义胞映射有向图激变混沌鞍     

动力学不连续性导致的奇异排斥子

借助一类具有“映孔”的分段线性一维映象，阐明“映孔导致激发”是“不连续性导致奇异排斥子”出现的结果，此奇异排斥子使得叠代轨道经过映孔逃出原混沌吸引子，从而造成混沌吸引子的突然扩张，证明了叠代轨害原吸引子中的寿命的反比于逃兔速率，并解析地得到了平均寿命随控制参量的变化关系。     

一个张弛振子的超临界子区域

解析导出了描述一种电子张弛振子的分段光滑圆映象在参数空间超临界区域内显示几种不同动力学行为的子区域分界线.这些子区域分别是：允许倍周期分岔发生的区域,禁止倍周期分岔发生的区域,以及完全锁相区域.类似的现象和子区域可以在许多分段光滑系统中观察到.关键词：     

SDSS-DR8中激变变星候选体的数据挖掘

提出一套适用于在海量光谱中快速发现激变变星的方法。针对SDSS发布的DR8数据,尝试流型学习方法在海量光谱数据挖掘中的应用。首先使用非线性局部线性嵌入方法(LLE)对海量光谱数据进行降维,然后使用人工神经网络对低维数据进行分类,最后对较少数量的候选体进行人工证认。实验共发现了6个新的激变变星候选体,并与传统的PCA方法进行了比较,验证了LLE方法在天文数据挖掘中的可行性。     

LAMOST-DR1中激变变星光谱的数据挖掘研究

LAMOST-DR1是郭守敬望远镜正式巡天发布的首批数据,其数量超过目前世界上所有已知恒星巡天项目的光谱总数。这为进一步扩大特殊和稀少天体如激变变星的数量提供了样本,同时也对天文数据处理方法和技术提出了更高的要求。针对LAMOST的数据特点,提出一种能够在海量天体光谱中自动、快速发现激变变星的方法。该方法使用拉普拉斯特征映射对天体光谱进行降维和重构。结果表明不同类别的天体光谱在拉普拉斯空间中能够得到较明显的区分。在使用粒子群算法对神经网络的参数进行优化后,对LAMOST-DR1的全部数据进行了自动识别。实验共发现了7个激变变星,经过证认,其中2个是矮新星,2个是类新星,1个是高度极化的武仙座AM型。这些光谱,补充了现有的激变变星光谱库。本文验证了拉普拉斯特征映射对天体光谱进行特征提取的有效性,为高维光谱进行降维提供了另一途径。在郭守敬望远镜正式发布的数据中寻找激变变星的首次尝试,实验结果表明该自动化的方法鲁棒性好,速度快,准确率高。该方法也可用于其他大型巡天望远镜的海量光谱处理。     

一例系统性质改变导致的激变

当控制参数改变时,在一个受击台球模型中观察到从处处光滑保守系统向分段光滑类耗散系统的过渡。它导致标志典型保守随机网向系统函数不连续边界象集构成的瞬态随机网突然转变的特殊激变。瞬态随机网上的迭代最终落入一个由椭圆岛链形成的,在上述转变阈值出现的逃逸孔洞。这孔洞随控制参数增长而变大,使迭代逃逸更快,因此瞬态网上迭代的平均生存时间遵从具有特殊标度因子的幂律。与此同时,一个在同一阈值出现的肥分形禁区网也不断增长而且切掉原来保守随机网的越来越多的部分,使得剩余的瞬态网越来越“瘦”。我们的数值研究表示这一过程可以用另一个幂律来描述。     

混沌吸引子的对称破缺激变

许多非线性动力系统都有某种对称性,在不同情形下可有不同的表现形式,但始终保持其对称的特点.不同对称形式间的转变导致对称破缺分岔或激变.关于非线性动力系统中相空间运动轨道的对称破缺分岔,已有大量研究工作,但绝大多数是指周期或拟周期相轨的对称破缺,偶尔提到对称系统中的混沌相轨也存在“对偶性”.最近,在简谐外激Duffing系统周期轨道对称破缺引发鞍-结分岔的研究中,得到了分岔后由Poincaré映射点间断流构成的图像,其中包括两个稳定周期结点、一个周期鞍点,及其稳定流形与不稳定流形,均较规则.本工作研究了正弦关键词：对称破缺混沌激变分形吸引域     

环氧树脂基真空绝缘材料的制备和性能测试

介绍了一种用于脉冲功率装置真空绝缘子的环氧树脂基复合材料的研制机理、制备过程和典型性能。初步测试结果表明,添加一定量的水合氧化铝颗粒可以使环氧树脂材料的表面电阻率由5×1016 Ω降低为6×1011 Ω,这一特性有利于释放由于沿面闪络等原因沉积在真空绝缘子表面的电荷,从而使材料在脉冲电压下的沿面闪络电压有所提高,实验得到在上升沿400 ns的脉冲电压作用下, 沿面闪络电压可从17 kV 提高到 28 kV。     

Interfacial structure of sub-micron Al2O3 particles in aluminum matrix

The surfaces of ellipsoidal Al₂O₃ particles with average size of 0.15 μm and the interfaces between the Al₂O₃ particles and 1070Al were investigated by transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and high resolution electron microscopy (HREM).The results show that the surfaces of Al₂O₃ particles appear to be polyhedrons consisting of crystal planes with small angle, while every plane of the polyhedrons could be considered as a stepped structure composed of close-packed planes along the close-packed direction. The interfaces of the 0.15 μm Al₂O₃p/1070Al composite bond well, without any interfacial reaction products. It is proposed that there are several kinds of crystallographic orientation relationships between the aluminum matrix and Al₂O₃particles due to the polyhedral structure. In our study, such orientation relationships are found to be {110} _Al ||{1100} _Al2O3 and ?110? _Al ||?1126? _Al2O3 .     

Effect of γ-irradiation and semiconducting oxide (tio2) on the thermal decomposition of mgc2o4: A comparative study

The simultaneous rising temperature (DTA-TG) technique and the gas evolution method are adopted for studying the thermal decomposition of unirradiated and irradiated MgC₂O₄ and MgC₂O₄ + TiO₂ mixtures. The data are applied to theories of different solid state reaction models and the best fit is obtained for the Avrami-Erofeev mechanism (n=2) suggesting that both the nucleation and growth processes occur at the reactant product interface in a two dimensional chain branching manner. Low irradiation doses decrease the rate of reaction remarkably whereas the reverse phenomenon takes place at higher doses. The n-type semiconducting oxide, TiO₂ (5-40 mol%) enhances the rate of decomposition which increases with increasing concentration of the catalyst. The influence of n -irradiation is explained in the light of defects, dislocations and electron-hole (e^?, h⁺) pairs generated in the lattice, whereas the influence of TiO₂ is understood on the basis of electron transfer process involved in the reaction.     

High pressure raman study of Bi-2212

The hydrostatic pressure dependence of the Raman spectra of Bi₂Sr₂CaCu₂O₈ single crystals has been investigated. The energy of the A _g and B _1g modes was found to increase with pressure in agreement with previously reported measurements, except the strong mode at ～465 cm^?1, which softens with pressure, while another peak at ～458 cm^?1 appears more pronounced at low temperatures and high pressures. The energy of both modes does not seem to change with increasing pressure, up to ～5 GPa, although the average energy of the wide band has been found to soften, which is in disagreement with previously published results. Based on the modifications observed in some phonons at ～1.8 GPa, which correlate with the reduction of T _c and the deformations of the CuO₅ pyramids, we attribute the mode at ～465 cm^?1 to the vibrations of the apex oxygen atoms. All modes due to the oxygen atoms were found to be strongly anharmonic.     

列管型射流式O2(1Δ)发生器的COIL出光研究

采用列管型射流式O2(1Δ)发生器在COIL装置上做了一系列出光实验,对该发生器的性能、参数及相关技术等做了实验研究。实验获得化学效率最高达22.2% 。     

Cathodoluminescence of Lu 2 O 3 :Tb

Spectroscopic properties of Lu 2 O 3 :Tb pellets sintered at 1000 v C or 1700 v C were investigated. The sintering temperature did not influence the optically excited emission and excitation spectra of the materials. However, the treatment temperature did influence the emission under cathode-rays stimulation. While the specimens sintered at 1000 v C showed only luminescent lines above 480 v nm resulting from a radiative relaxation of the 5 D 4 level, the samples heated at 1700 v C did show some luminescence in the blue region resulting from 5 D 3 M 7 F J emission. The blue emission could be recorded exclusively upon cathode-rays irradiation.     

不同酸催化条件下Ta2O5气凝胶的制备

采用溶胶-凝胶技术,以乙醇钽为前躯体,乙醇为溶剂,分别以盐酸、硝酸、硫酸为催化剂,结合CO2超临界干燥技术制备了Ta2O5气凝胶。研究发现：硫酸作催化剂的体系,其胶凝时间远远小于其他体系,且溶剂交换及超临界干燥过程中的收缩开裂现象明显改善;扫描电镜分析结果显示,硫酸为催化剂制备的Ta2O5气凝胶骨架颗粒间存在较严重的团簇现象,比表面积约167 m2/g,明显低于以盐酸、硝酸为催化剂的体系。X射线光电子能谱测试结果显示,Ta2O5气凝胶中无相应的Cl元素或N元素残留,而S元素则基本上滞留在Ta2O5气凝胶中。说明S元素进入了Ta-O-Ta交联结构,正是因为这种结构的引入,Ta2O5气凝胶的收缩龟裂现象得以明显改善并呈现出相对较高的力学性能。     

COIL中稀释气体对单态氧产率影响的实验研究

利用自发Raman散射光谱对射流式氧发生器的单态氧产率进行了测试,研究了稀释气体对于发生器产率的影响,并分析了造成影响的原因     

High pressure raman study of Y-124

In this work, a micro-Raman study under high hydrostatic pressure (up to ～5.5 GPa) has been carried on YBa₂Cu₄O₈ and Y(Ba, Sr)₂Cu₄O₈ single crystals at room temperature. In both samples, seven strong modes, of A_g symmetry, and one weak, of B_3g symmetry, have been observed and examined in connection with previously published results concerning YBa₂Cu₄O₈. With the Sr substitution for Ba, the ambient pressure measurements show an upward shift in energy for all modes, except those that involve vibrations of the plane and apex oxygen atoms. With increasing hydrostatic pressure all phonons shift to higher energies. Anomalous nonlinear pressure behaviour has been observed for three phonons, which is correlated with the pressure dependence of T _c of these compounds.