C60吸附在金属表面的计算研究

用离散变分局域密度泛函方法研究了Ｃ６０在Ａｌ（１１１），Ｃｕ（１１１）和Ａｇ（１１１）表面的电子结构性质。Ｃ６０／金属界面系统通过用Ｃ２４Ｈ１２取代Ｃ６０和用１０个金属原子代表衬底来简化，计算了Ｃ６０在金属衬底上的吸附高度，吸附能量及两者之间的电荷转移，发现Ｃ６０与Ａｌ（１１１），Ｃｕ（１１１）和Ａｇ（１１１）表面通过共价键（其中混杂少量的离子键）相结合。     

Ag(111)与Ag(001)表面电子结构与稳定性的研究

采用ＬＭＴＯ-ＡＳＡ方法，对几种不同方法获得的不尽相同的Ａｇ（１１１）“稳定表面”的表面电子结构进行了系列对比研究，给出了这些不同表面弛豫结构的电子结构特性．根据表面能的大小，指出了最稳定表面结构应为单层向内弛豫表面，并对该类表面结构的电子结构特性作了分析和讨论．作为对比，还分析讨论了清洁理想Ａｇ（００１）表面的电子结构特性．根据Ａｇ（１１１）和Ａｇ（００１）表面能的区别，指出Ａｇ（００１）表面较Ａｇ（１１１）表面稳定     

M／M（100）体系（M＝Li，Na，K，Rb，Cs）的吸附与表面扩散的势能函数研究

利用碱金属原子晶体性质导出的经验势能函数，研究了碱金属原子在其固体（１００）表面的吸附与自扩散性质。结果发现表面吸附原子的束缚能小子体相原子的束缚能，而吸附高度且大于晶格常数的一半；自扩散的能垒分别为０．４２（Ｌｉ），０．３０（Ｎａ），０．２６（Ｋ），０．２４（Ｒｂ）和０．２３ｅＶ（Ｃｓ）。     

M／M（100）体系（M=Li,Na,K,Rb,Cs）的吸附与表面扩散的势能…

利用碱金属原子晶体性质导出的经验势能函数，研究了碱金属原子在其固体（１００）表面的吸附与自扩散性质。结果发现表明吸附原子的束缚能小于体相原子的束缚能，而吸附高度大于晶格常数的一半；自扩散的能垒分别为０．４２（Ｌｉ），０．３０（Ｎａ），０．２６（Ｋ），０．２４（Ｒｂ）和０．２３Ｅｖ（Ｃｓ）。     

钌表面上碱金属铯的助催化效应及与一氧化碳的相互作用

通过分析碱金属铯和一氧化碳在Ｒｕ（０００１）表面上吸附体系的高分辨电子能量损失谱、低能电子衍射和热脱附谱，阐述了碱金属在过渡金属表面上的助催化作用．同时，实验结果表明碱金属Ｃｓ和ＣＯ在钌表面上的相互作用既包含有近程行为，又包含有长程作用．这种长程相互作用只能是间接的、通过衬底的相互作用．     

玻色-爱因斯坦凝聚中的等效约瑟夫森效应

超导电子约瑟夫森位相相干实验已经成为研究宏观量子系统的范式（ｐａｒａｄｉｇｍ）．１９９５年在美国科罗拉多州,Ｅ．Ｃｏｒｎｅｌ和Ｃ．Ｗｉｅｍａｎ首次实现了碱金属原子的玻色－爱因斯坦凝聚（ＢＥＣ）．１９９７年,麻省理工学院（ＭＩＴ）的Ｗ．Ｋｅｔｅｒｌｅ小...     

c(2×2)-(K CO)在Co｛100｝表面吸附的NEXAFS研究

对ＣＯ和Ｋ共吸附在ＣＯ｛１０１０｝表面的系统进行了Ｏ的１ｓＮＥＸＡＦＳ理论研究,证实吸附分子ＣＯ的键长比气体状态时增长约００１ｎｍ．用ＭＳＣ（多重散射团簇）理论计算谱与实验结果比较发现：在原π峰右侧出现了一个新的弱结构．证明了此结构是由于Ｋ通过钴衬底对ＣＯ的间接作用造成的,它具有π共振的性质     

光电子能谱研究O2和Rb在InSb（111）表面上共吸附

本文利用光电子能谱（ＸＰＳ和ＵＰＳ）技术研究了室温下Ｏ２和Ｒｂ在ＩｎＳｂ（１１１）表面上共吸附，分析了碱金属Ｒｂ在ＩｎＳｂ（１１１）表面上吸附的键合状态以及对衬底的催化氧化作用。结果表明，Ｒｂ与ＩｎＳｂ表面上的Ｓｂ发生化学反应，Ｒｂ在ＩｎＳｂ表面上吸附提高了衬底表面的氧化速率，衬底表面上的Ｉｎ和Ｓｂ被氧化，分别生成锑和铟的氧化物。在Ｏ２吸附的过程中，还观察到两种Ｒｂ的氧化物，即过氧化铷（Ｒｂ２Ｏ２     

碱金属nf里德伯态精细结构反常物理机制的理论研究

采用相对论性多通道理论，系统地研究了碱金属ｎｆ里德伯态的精细结构．所计算的精细结构与已有的实验值（Ｌｉ和Ｎａ的是正常的，Ｒｂ和Ｃｓ的是反常的）符合得很好；目前还没有Ｋ和Ｆｒｎｆ里德伯态的精细结构的实验结果，理论计算预言：Ｋ的是正常的，Ｆｒ的是反常的．还阐明了精细结构反常的物理机制：反常是由价电子与离子实电子之间的交换相互作用引起的，是一种纯相对论效应；电子之间的关联作用对精细结构反常的影响是不重要的 关键词：     

K在InP（100）表面吸附及界面反应的同步辐射光电子能谱研究

利用同步辐射光电子能谱研究了Ｋ在ｐ型ＩｎＰ（１００）表面的吸附及其界面反应。由Ｋ吸附过程中Ｉｎ４ｄ和Ｐ２ｐ芯能级谱的变化发现：在碱金属Ｋ吸附于ｐ型ＩｎＰＯ（１００）表面的过程中，Ｋ－Ｐ之间发生了化学反应，形成Ｋ－Ｐ化合物，当Ｋ覆盖度０〉２１０Ｓｅｃ时稳定的Ｋ－Ｐ化合物基本形成，此时Ｐ２ｐ峰的峰形和峰位基本保持不变。Ｋ－Ｉｎ之间无明显的化学反应发生，但在Ｋ的吸附过程中，碱金属Ｋ对Ｉｎ有置换反应发生，     

Influence of the substrate structure on the bonding of chemisorbed acetylene to transition metal surfaces

The electronic spectrum of acetylene adsorbed on various transition metals has been measured by ultraviolet photoemission spectroscopy in various laboratories. At low temperatures (T < 150 K), all measurements concur in finding an electron spectrum that differs only moderately from the gas phase spectrum of acetylene. At room temperature, the electron spectrum of acetylene is reported to be similar to the low-temperature form on Ir(100) and Pt(100), but acetylene is reported to form an olefinic surface complex on Pd(111) and Pt(111) surfaces. In order to examine whether the surface structure of the substrate is responsible for the difference, we have measured the electronic spectrum of acetylene adsorbed on the Pd(100) and Ru(0001) surfaces. At 120 K, the spectrum of adsorbed acetylene is again a distorted gas phase spectrum on both surfaces. At 330 K, we find the acetylenic form (with a splitting of 2.5 eV of the σ-orbitals) on Pd(100) and an olefinic form on the basal plane of Ru. We conclude that the olefinic complex is proper to the threefold symmetry of the (111) and (0001) surfaces and the gas-like form is favored on the (100) surfaces of the fcc crystals.     

Alkali-induced enhancement of surface electronic polarizibility

From results of ab initio electronic structure calculations based on density functional theory for a set of prototype systems, we find alkali adsorbates to cause a dramatic enhancement of the electronic polarizability of the metal surface extending it several angstroms into the vacuum. This phenomenon is traceable to an unusual feature induced in the surface potential on alkali adsorption. The effect appears to be general, as we find it to be present on metals as varied as Pd and Cu, and helps explain the observed substantial decrease in the vibrational frequency of molecules when coadsorbed with alkalis on metal surfaces. Specifically, for two dissimilar molecules CO and O(2), we trace the softening of the frequencies of their stretching mode when coadsorbed with K on Pd(111) to the enhanced electronic polarizability.     

Alkali-metal-affected adsorption of molecules on metal surfaces

The study of coadsorption of alkali metals and simple molecules on transition metal surfaces has been a favored topic of research ever since the pioneering work by Langmuir in 1923. The main reasons for this continued interest are both of fundamental and applied nature. There are a number of interesting physical effects, such as work function changes, charge transfer, two-dimensional ordering, bond energy and molecule orientational changes, and altered surface reactive properties, which have been investigated by a large number of different surface analytical techniques. From an applied point of view, alkali metal covered surfaces are important in the areas of electron and ion emission and heterogenous catalysis, for example.In this paper we will give a short review of the adsorption of alkali metals on well-defined transition metal surfaces. The interaction of these adsorbed alkali metals with subsequently adsorbed atomic or molecular species will be treated more extensively. The emphasis will be on recent experiments dealing with well-characterized surfaces. In particular we will consider questions of adsorption energetics and kinetics, but also review in detail the vibrational, electronic, structural and reactive properties of the coadsorbed complex. Based on a wealth of experimental data, several models of the coadsorbed alkali metal-molecule complex will be introduced and discussed.     

Mechanism of oxygen adsorption on surfaces of γ-TiAl

We studied the adsorption behavior of oxygen on low index surfaces of γ-TiAl via first principles to investigate the mechanism that drives the adsorption behavior. The (100) surface is the most stable surface energetically followed by the (111), (110) and (001) surfaces. A study of the adsorption of a single oxygen atom on surfaces of TiAl showed that the O atom prefers the Ti-rich environment that has a high potential of generating TiO₂. Competition between O-Al bonding and O-Ti bonding was observed in the O adsorbed surface regions. However, the O-Ti interaction dominates the adsorption behavior in all considered systems except when O is adsorbed on an Al-terminated (001) surface as the O–Al bond is stronger than O–Ti bond. A linear relationship between adsorption energy and integration of orbital overlaps between the O atom and the metals is obtained, which indicates that the electronic structure controls the adsorption behavior of an O atom on a γ-TiAl surface — an opportunity to improve the oxidation resistance of γ-TiAl based alloys.     

NO dissociation on Cu(111) and Cu2O(111) surfaces: a density functional theory based study

NO dissociation on Cu(111) and Cu(2)O(111) surfaces is investigated using spin-polarized density functional theory. This is to verify the possibility of using Cu-based catalyst for NO dissociation which is the rate limiting step for the NO(x) reduction process. The dissociation of molecularly adsorbed NO on the surface is activated for both cases. However, from the reaction path of the NO-Cu(2)O(111) system, the calculated transition state lies below the reference energy which indicates the possibility of dissociation. For the NO-Cu(111) system, the reaction path shows that NO desorption is more likely to occur. The geometric and electronic structure of the Cu(2)O(111) surface indicates that the surface Cu atoms stabilize themselves with reference to the O atom in the subsurface. The interaction results in modification of the electronic structure of the surface Cu atoms of Cu(2)O(111) which greatly affects the adsorption and dissociation of NO. This phenomenon further explains the obtained differences in the dissociation pathways of NO on the surfaces.     

Methanol decomposition on platinum (111)

The interaction of methanol with clean and oxygen-covered Pt(111) surfaces has been examined with high resolution electron loss spectroscopy (EELS) and thermal desorption spectroscopy (TDS). On the clean Pt(111) surface, methanol dehydrogenated above 140 K to form adsorbed carbon monoxide and hydrogen. On a Pt(111)-p(2 × 2)O surface, methanol formed a methoxy species (CH₃O) and adsorbed water. The methoxy species was unstable above 170 K and decomposed to form adsorbed CO and hydrogen. Above room temperature, hydrogen and carbon monoxide desorbed near 360 and 470 K, respectively. The instability of methanol and methoxy groups on the Pt surface is in agreement with the dehydrogenation reaction observed on W, Ru, Pd and Ni surfaces at low pressures. This is in contrast with the higher stability of methoxy groups on silver and copper surfaces, where decomposition to formaldehyde and hydrogen occurs. The hypothesis is proposed that metals with low heats of adsorption of CO and H₂ (Ag, Cu) may selectively form formaldehyde via the methoxy intermediate, whereas other metals with high CO and H₂ chemisorption heats rapidly dehydrogenate methoxy species below room temperature.     

Tuning the optical properties of phosphorene by adsorption of alkali metals and halogens

Optical properties of phosphorene are tuned by adsorption of alkali metals (Li and Na) and halogens (Br and Cl). It has been found that on increasing the size of alkali metals and halogen adsorbed phosphorene layer the absorption coefficient reduces and shifts towards visible region. The refractive index in alkali metal adsorbed phosphorene increases with size of phosphorene layer. For halogen adsorbed structure it decreases with increase in size of phosphorene layer. Optical absorption is observed to depend on both dielectric constant and refractive index. Since adsorption of alkali and halogen materials modifies the refractive index of phosphorene, absorption is seen to reduce in all cases where refractive index increases due to adsorption even when the dielectric constant was high.     

金刚石延(111)面生长的第一性原理研究

利用密度泛函理论(DFT)对碳原子在镍(111)表面吸附结构进行了计算，得到了吸附能以及态密度 (density of state, DOS)分布，分析了吸附在镍(111)面的碳原子和金刚石(111)面的碳原子的分波态密度(PDOS)，结果表明吸附在镍表面的碳原子具有与金刚石表面碳原子相类似的电子结构特点，即两者都存在孤对的和成键的sp³杂化电子,进而发现吸附在镍表面的碳原子极易与金刚石表面相互作用形成稳定的类金刚石几何结构. 关键词： 密度泛函理论 化学吸附 电子结构 金刚石生长     

The adsorption of In on the surface of (0 0 1) CdTe

To understand CdTe doping with In, first-principle calculations are performed to obtain the various kinds of surface-structure for In on CdTe (0 0 1) surface. Of all the structures examined, the structure of CdTe (0 0 1) as caused by In adsorption atoms at the fourfold hollow sites with 0.25 monolayer coverage is the most energetically favorable. In atoms are adsorbed on the Cd-terminated surface, whereas below the Te-terminated surface. For the Cd-terminated surface, cadmium vacancy can form spontaneously and is energetically favorable. In atoms are likely to be adsorbed/incorporated at an interstitial site on Te-terminated CdTe (0 0 1) surfaces for most of the range of the chemical potential.     

Adsorption of single alkali atoms on tungsten using field emission and field desorption

Single adatom events have been detected and the binding energies and dipole moments of single sodium, potassium and cesium adatoms have been measured on the (110), (112) and (111) planes of tungsten in a probe hole field emission microscope. The Fowler-Nordheim formulation has been modified to include averaging effects implicit in probe hole measurements on single adsorbed atoms. The work function changes and consequent dipole moments associated with single alkali adatoms on a tungsten surface have been estimated. A model has been proposed to obtain binding energies from measurements of the field required to desorb a single alkali adatom. The results are in good agreement with current theoretical predictions for the adsorption of single alkali atoms on metals.