Spectroscopic Studies of Oxygen-Bridged Copper (II) Cluster Somplexes; (II) Trinuclear Copper (II) Complex of Pyridine-2-Carbaldehyde Oxime

Abstract

Power electron paramagnetic resonance spectrum of the trinuclear complex Cu3L3 (OM)X2, xH20 (L=pyridine-2-carbaldehyde oxime, X=1/2 S04^2?, x=16.3) was recorded in the X-band region and interpreted in terms of a quarte (S=3/2) spin system.

Vibrational studies of the complex has also been undertaken and an assignment was made of the bands observed it the low frequency infrared and Raman spectra. It was shown that the central metallic core has a C3v syametry. Theoretical calculations of the frequencies of the vibrations related to this skeleton were performed and the results are it agreement with the experimental data.     

多光谱法和分子模拟技术研究氟罗沙星与人血清白蛋白的相互作用

氟罗沙星(FLRX) 是一种含氟喹诺酮类抗菌素,有关它对人血清白蛋白(HSA)的影响及作用机理,特别是对HSA二级结构的影响及内滤光(影响荧光数据的准确性)校正的研究报道较少。采用多光谱法和分子模拟技术探究了FLRX 与HSA的相互作用。荧光光谱结果表明,FLRX对HSA的猝灭是由于形成结合常数在105 L·mol-1水平上的1∶1 FLRX-HSA基态复合物引起的静态猝灭作用。由Van’t Hoff方程确定的FLRX与HSA结合过程中的ΔH=-107.99 kJ·mol-1和ΔS=-240.99 J·mol-1·K-1,表明FLRX与HSA之间的主要作用力是氢键和范德华力。同步荧光光谱、红外光谱和三维荧光光谱结果表明,静态猝灭过程所产生的中间复合物使HSA的构象发生改变。通过对HSA与FLRX作用前后红外光谱酰胺Ⅰ带进行傅里叶去卷积和分峰拟合,获得代表HSA二级结构的不同子峰,对各子峰进行二级结构归属,根据各子峰的积分面积计算出各二级结构的相对百分含量。结果表明：FLRX与HSA结合后,α-螺旋从51.5%减小到33.2%,β-折叠从30.3%减小到20.7%,β-转角从15.6%增加到33.6%。取代实验显示FLRX与HSA的结合位点在HSA的site Ⅰ(亚域ⅡA)。分子对接实验结果表明,FLRX可以通过氢键、疏水作用和范德华力等多种作用力很好的结合在亚域ⅡA的疏水腔中。实验获得的可信数据将有助于阐明FLRX与HSA的作用机制,也有助于理解FLRX在储运过程中对蛋白质功能的影响。     

Study on the Interaction of an Anthracycline Disaccharide with DNA by Spectroscopic Techniques and Molecular Modeling

This study was designed to examine the interaction of 4'-O-(a-L-Cladinosyl) daunorubicin (DNR-D5), a disaccharide anthracycline with calf thymus deoxyribonucleic acid (ctDNA) by UV/Vis in combination with fluorescence spectroscopy and molecular modeling techniques under physiological conditions (Britton-Robinson buffer solutions, pH?=?7.4). By the analysis of UV/Vis spectrum, it was observed that upon binding to ctDNA the anthraquinone chromophore of DNR-D5 could slide into the base pairs. Moreover, the large binding constant indicated DNR-D5 had a high affinity with ctDNA. At the same time, fluorescence spectra suggested that the quenching mechanism of the interaction of DNR-D5 to ctDNA was a static quenching type. The binding constants between DNR-D5 and ctDNA were calculated based on fluorescence quenching data at different temperatures. The negative ?G implied that the binding process was spontaneous, and negative ?H and negative ΔS suggested that hydrogen bonding force most likely played a major role in the binding of DNR-D5 to ctDNA. Moreover, the results obtained from molecular docking corroborate the experimental results obtained from spectroscopic investigations.     

A Spectroscopic Study of Alkylamine Complexes of Copper(II) Succinimide

Abstract

The vibrational and electronic spectra of eleven complexes of copper(II) succinimide [CuSu²Am₂] (Su = succinimide ion; Am = variously substituted primary aliphatic amines) show that metal-imide co-ordination occurs through the imide nitrogen atom. The electronic effects of the amine substituents on the carbonyl stretching frequencies and on the electronic spectra are used to infer the probable mechanism of metal-imide bonding.     

Spectroscopic Study of the Interaction of Mitoxantrone with Copper(I), Copper(II), and Neocuproine

Both reductive and oxidatlve mode of metabolism have been hypothesized for the antitumor agent mitoxantrone. This work aims to better understand the redox properties of mitoxantrone in the presence of the physiological redox couple, copper(I)/copper(II), by means of polarograpy and spectrophotometry. The first quasi-reversible one-electron reduction of mitoxantrone to the semiquinone and the second reduction to the hydroquinone have been shown to be considerably affected by copper. Visible spectra of mitoxantrone-copper mixtures in nitrogen and oxygen purged solutions taken in a one-week period exhibit varying degrees of complexation and oxido-reduction.

When copper(II), neocuprolne and mitoxantrone are mixed in a certain ratio in pH 7. 4 phosphate buffer solution, two new peaks at 584 and 632 nm emerge in the spectra indicating a ternary charge transfer complex. The complex atoichiometry was established as Cu(IT): neocuproine: tritoxan-trone = 2:4:1 by Job's method of continuous variations. The ternary complex is sensitive to the relative concentrations of mitoxantrone and copper(II), an excess of the latter giving rise to complete red ox products. This complex may be important in modeling the drug's oxidative mode of ant tumor action.     

An Infrared Spectroscopic Study of Crystalline Copper (II) Propionate and Butyrate

Abstract

Abstract: The vibrational spectra of crystalline anhydrous copper (II) propionate and butyrate were studied by FT-IR spectroscopy. A detailed assignment of the spectra of both compounds is presented and discussed. It is shown that the presence of two non-equivalent sets of carboxylate ligands within the crystals gives rise to several band splittings, which are particularly evident in those bands ascribable to normal modes involving predominantly the -C_βH₃ or -C_βH₂-fragments. In addition, the vibrational assignments made for the studied molecules are shown to be very useful to help understanding the much more complex spectra of long chain copper carboxylates.     

Photoacoustic Spectroscopic Study on a Pair of Hydrate Isomers for Dinuclear Copper(II) Complexes

Photoacoustic spectroscopy has been used to measure the optical absorption of a pair of hydrate isomers of dinuclear copper (II) complexes with 26-membered hexa-aza-macrocycle. It is found that the absorptions of both isomers in the visible region are quite different, which indicates the diversity of their crystal structures. It is also shows that the difference on absorption properties of the studied isomers is difficult to distinguish by using other conventional spectroscopies.     

贝诺酯与牛血清白蛋白位点选择性结合的分子光谱研究

采用荧光光谱、紫外可见光谱、同步荧光光谱及三维荧光光谱等分子光谱方法,研究了生理条件下贝诺酯(BEN)与牛血清白蛋白(BSA)的相互作用。结果表明,BEN对BSA的内源荧光有显著的猝灭作用,猝灭机理为动态猝灭,二者之间的作用力类型以疏水作用为主,BEN与BSA发生反应后,使BSA的疏水环境极性增强,疏水性减弱,荧光强度降低。测得的表观结合常数和结合位点数分别是1 050 L·mol^-1和0.88,同时测得了焓变(ΔH)、熵变(ΔS)和自由能变(ΔG)等热力学参数。同步荧光和三维荧光光谱的结果表明,BEN使BSA的构象发生改变。利用荧光特异性位点探针DA和DP,通过竞争结合实验,监测BEN与BSA的结合位点,测得了位点Ⅰ和位点Ⅱ的表观结合常数分别为4 300 L·mol^-1和21 200 L·mol^-1,表明BEN与BSA优先在位点Ⅱ结合。     

光谱法及分子模拟研究青蒿素与小牛胸腺DNA的相互作用

在pH 7.4的Tris-HCl缓冲溶液中,采用紫外吸收光谱、荧光光谱结合溴化乙锭（EB）荧光探针、共振散射光谱以及DNA熔点（T_m）实验和分子模拟等技术,研究了青蒿素（QHS）与小牛胸腺DNA（ctDNA）分子间结合位点与结合机制。光谱实验结果显示,QHS与DNA发生减色效应,QHS的加入使EB-DNA体系发生静态荧光猝灭,QHS与DNA作用后其467 nm处共振散射峰锐增,与QHS作用引起DNA的T_m值升高5℃,说明QHS竞争性地嵌插入DNA的碱基对中。通过计算获得QHS与DNA间结合常数K_a为1.43×10³ L/mol（298 K）、0.99×10³ L/mol（304 K）。分子模拟结果表明,QHS吡喃环部分结构嵌插到DNA小沟区域GA碱基对间,氢键和范德华力是两者间结合的主要非共价作用方式,该结论与光谱法和热力学所得结果一致。     

Comprehensive Study on the Binding of Iron Schiff Base Complex with DNA and Determining the Binding Mode

The iron (III) [N, N′ Bis (5-(triphenyl phosphonium methyl) salicylidene)-1, 2 ethanediamine] chloride [Fe Salen]Cl, has been synthesized and characterized as described previously. The interaction of iron complex with calf thymus (CT) DNA has been studied extensively by experimental techniques. Absorption spectra showed both hypochromism and hyperchromism. Thermal denaturation study of DNA with complex revealed the ΔT_m of 5 °C. Competitive binding study shows that the enhanced emission intensity of ethidium bromide (EB) in the presence of DNA was quenched by adding of the iron complex indicating that it displaces EB from its binding site in DNA and the apparent binding constant has been estimated to be 5?×?10⁶?μM^?1. Fluorescence Scatchard plot revealed type B behavior for interaction of complex to DNA. Circular dichroism (CD) spectra measurements showed that the complex interacts with DNA via surface and groove bindings. Linear dichroism (LD) measurements confirmed the bending of DNA in the presence of complex. Furthermore, Isothermal titration calorimetry (ITC) experiments approved that the binding of complex is based on both electrostatic and hydrophobic interactions. More, ITC profile exhibits the existence of two binding phases for the complex.     

糠醛缩壳寡糖席夫碱及Cu(Ⅱ)配合物与DNA之间的作用机制

以糠醛和壳寡糖反应生成的席夫碱,与不同摩尔比的Cu2+配位合成配合物FCOS-Cu11、FCOS-Cu13和FCOS-Cu31,并研究配合物与DNA之间的作用机制。采用循环伏安、紫外-可见吸收光谱、粘度和DNA熔点测定的方法,分别研究了席夫碱及配合物与DNA之间的作用机制。合成的3种配合物具有电化学活性。加入DNA后,配合物的氧化峰电流减小,峰电位微弱移动。配合物的吸收峰强度减色显著,同时伴有峰位红移现象。配合物加入后,DNA的相对粘度和熔点呈增大趋势。结果表明,席夫碱及配合物与DNA之间存在嵌插结合,且3种配合物中的Cu2+含量与DNA的嵌插作用强度有关,结合强度依次为FCOS-Cu11FCOS-Cu13FCOS-Cu31。     

Fluorescence Spectroscopic and Calorimetry Based Approaches to Characterize the Mode of Interaction of Small Molecules with DNA

Ethidium bromide displacement assay by fluorescence is frequently used as a diagnostic tool to identify the intercalation ability of DNA binding small molecules. Here we have demonstrated that the method has pitfalls. We have employed fluorescence, absorbance and label free technique such as isothermal titration calorimetry to probe the limitations. Ethidium bromide, a non-specific intercalator, netropsin, a (A-T) specific minor groove binder, and sanguinarine, a (G-C) specific intercalator, have been used in our experiments to study the association of a ligand with DNA in presence of a competing ligand. Here we have shown that netropsin quenches the fluorescence intensity of an equilibrium mixture of ethidium bromide - calf thymus DNA via displacement of ethidium bromide. Isothermal titration calorimetry results question the accepted interpretation of the observed decrease in fluorescence of bound ethidium bromide in terms of competitive binding of two ligands to DNA. Furthermore, isothermal titration calorimetry experiments and absorbance measurements indicate that the fluorescence change might be due to formation of ternary complex and not displacement of one ligand by another.     

EHPG与铝(Ⅲ)结合的光谱研究

在 pH 7 4 ,0 1mol·L- 1 N 2 羟乙基哌嗪 N′ 2 乙磺酸 (Hepes)及室温条件下 ,使用紫外吸收差光谱和荧光光谱进行了铝 (Ⅲ )对N ,N′ 乙烯 二 [2 (2 羟基苯基 )苷氨酸 ](EHPG)的滴定。结果表明铝 (Ⅲ )与EH PG形成 1∶1的配合物。铝 (Ⅲ )与EHPG结合后其紫外差光谱在 2 35和 2 91nm处出现吸收峰 ;配合物在 2 35nm的摩尔吸光系数是 1 2 7× 10 4 cm- 1 ·mol- 1 ·L ;条件稳定常数是lgK =14 2 0± 0 0 3;铝 (Ⅲ )对EHPG的荧光猝灭是由于EHPG的酚羟基质子解离并与铝 (Ⅲ )配合而引起的。     

Spectroscopic and Binding Properties of Berberine to DNA and Its Application to DNA Detection

Berberine(BER) binds to the double helical DNA with a high affinity There is only a much smaller hypochromism and no shifts in the absorption spectra when BER binds to calf thymus DNA(CT DNA) The fluorescence yields increase dramatically when BER binds to DNA, with no shifts in the emission maximum. These spectral changes are in contrast to the behavior observed with many fluorescent intercalates Groove binding rather than intercalation was suggested to be the cause of these spectral changes. Consistent with groove binding, for polyamide anion quenching studies showed that the magnitude of K_sv of the bound BER was higher than that of the free BER. The addition of salt to the solution releases the DNA-bound drug action from the groove and causes a decrease in the fluorescence yield. The results of all above studies proved the groove binding of BER to DNA. The large fluorescence enhancements observed when BER binds to DNA and the poor fluorescence yield of BER in the absence of DNA can be used for sensitive detection of DNA The linear concentration range was 0–20μg/ml The limit of detection for CT DNA was 12 ng/ml     

Spectroscopic Studies of Oxygen-Bridged Copper (II) Cluster Complexes; (I) Dimeric Copper (II) Complexes of 2-Aminopyridine and Pentane-2,4-Dionate

X-band E.P.R and also the far infrared spectra of alkoxy-bridged dimeric copper (11) complexes of 2-aminopyridime and pentane-2, 4-dionate were recorded and the two sets of data thus obtained have been correlated.

The E.P.R spectra were analysed in terms of an axial (S=1) spin Hamiltonian. Zero-field splitting parameter (D) was calculated for each complex and an attempt was made in order to correlate the obtained values with the magnetic coupling constants (J) of some compounds with analogous structures.

An assignment has been made of the bands related to the central Cu202 bridging skeleton and the observed similarity in the frequency magnitude of a strongly CuOCu angle dependent mode has been proposed to arise from nearly equal angles in the seri of complexes.

The correlative results indicated in the above have therefore enabled the identification of a ferromagnetic exchange mechanism in the seri of complexes with J values larger than 242.5 cm-1.     

2,6-双二苯基膦吡啶银(Ⅰ)配合物的光谱研究

利用电子吸收光谱和发射光谱,研究具有光致发光性能的三配位Ag(Ⅰ)配合物[Ag2(μ-PNP)3](ClO4)2(PNP=2,6-双二苯基膦吡啶)的光谱性质,电子吸收光谱中约260和300 nm处的肩峰吸收分别被指定为l→aπ(l代表膦的孤对电子,aπ是苯环的反键轨道)和l→π·(π·表示吡啶的π反键轨道)跃迁.室温下受紫外可见光激发,配合物的乙腈溶液显示了发光性质,其发射峰位于525 nm,这是由配体激发态引起的.利用吸收和发射光谱,研究了配合物光物理性质在不同客体分子如AuPPh3Cl,AgCF3SO3和[Cu(CH3CN)4](ClO4)存在下光物理性质的改变情况.在配合物中,配体PNP和Ag(Ⅰ)形成一个空穴,可以结合外来的离子,从而引起光物理性质的改变,这种改变,使[Ag2(μ-PNP)3](ClO4)2可以作为作为客体离子的检测探针或传感器.     

Synthesis,DNA/HSA Interaction Spectroscopic Studies and In Vitro Cytotoxicity of a New Mixed Ligand Cu(II) Complex

A new mixed ligand copper(II)-dipeptide complex with 2-(2′-pyridyl)benzothiazole (pbt), [Cu(Gly-L-leu)(pbt)(H₂O)]·ClO₄ (Gly-L-leu = Glycyl-L-leucine anion) was synthesized and characterized by various physico-chemical means. The DNA binding and cleavage properties of the complex investigated by viscosity, agarose gel electrophoresis and multi-spectroscopic techniques (UV, circular dichroism (CD) and fluorescence) showed that the complex was bound to CT-DNA through intercalation mode with moderate binding constant (K _b = 3.132 × 10⁴ M^?1), and cleaved pBR322 DNA efficiently (~ 5 μM) in the presence of Vc, probably via an oxidative mechanism induced by ?OH. Additionally, the interaction of the complex with human serum albumin (HSA) was explored by UV-visible, CD, fluorescence, synchronous fluorescence and 3D fluorescence spectroscopy. The complex exhibits desired affinity to HSA through hydrophobic interaction. Moreover, the cytotoxicity of the complex against three human carcinoma cell lines (HeLa, HepG2 and A549) was evaluated by MTT assay, which showed that the complex had effective cytotoxicity and higher inhibition toward A549 cell lines with IC₅₀ of 38.0 ± 3.2 μM.     

Spectra,Magnetic Property and Coordination Structure Study on Polymeric Copper(II) Iodo Complex of Diethylenetriamne

Abstract

Polymeric [Cu(dien)Ix] (dien = diethylenetriamine) was prepared. Its electronic absorption spectrum and photoacoustic spectrum were recorded at room temperature. They were compared with each other and the results were discussed quantitatively with respect to ligand field theory (LFT) and the radical scaling wave function of a non-free copper(II) ion. The theoretical values are in agreement with the observed ones. In addition. the ESR spectra of the title complex were measured at 77k and room temperature, respectively. They were compared with each other and characterized. Therefore, the electronic structure was also investigated with its spectra behaviors and PLFT. The spectra and the theoretical analysis about the title complex suggest there is a weak interaction between the Cu-Cu. It can be interpreted with using Kahn's theory. The g (= 2.0942) is greater than 2.040, conforming to a ground state configuration with unpaired electron in the dx²?y² orbital.     

光谱法和分子对接模拟技术研究异烟肼对人血清白蛋白和过氧化氢酶的特异性结合及抑制作用

异烟肼(Isoniazid, INH)是最常用的一线抗结核药物之一。据报道,人体内高浓度的异烟肼可导致癫痫, 肝功能衰竭, 甚至死亡。因此,研究异烟肼对人血清白蛋白(HSA)和过氧化氢酶(CAT)的结构和活性的潜在结合影响有利于评估其毒性和副作用。在模拟生理条件下,利用多种荧光光谱和分子对接技术研究INH与HSA和CAT之间的相互作用。所有荧光数据均进行了内滤光校正以获得更准确的结合参数。结果表明,INH-HSA和INH-CAT体系的猝灭常数(K_sv)随着温度的升高而降低,表明INH对HSA及CAT的荧光猝灭机理为静态猝灭。利用紫外-可见吸收光谱、同步荧光光谱、和圆二色(CD)光谱法研究了INH对HSA和CAT构象的影响。结果发现,INH可改变色氨酸残基的微环境并降低HSA和CAT中α-螺旋结构,导致蛋白质结构发生伸展,进而可能影响其生理功能。分子对接结果表明,INH与HSA的结合位点位于HSA的site Ⅰ,ⅡA子域。INH可以进入CAT中β-折叠的桶状空腔,从而抑制CAT的活性。Hill系数结果表明,INH与左氧氟沙星(LVFX,一种安全有效的二线抗结核药物,与其他抗结核药物联合使用可以提高抗结核疗效)之间存在药物协同性,促进INH与HSA的相互作用。另外,CD光谱测定表明INH与LVFX的协同作用改变HSA的二级结构,使α-螺旋结构降低约7.9%。该研究探讨了INH与HSA和CAT之间的结合作用和毒性机制,为INH的安全使用提供重要依据。