Wide-band interference filters

Results of calculations are presented that demonstrate the possibility of constructing two-and threecomponent coatings for wide-band interference filters for the medium infrared spectral region with characteristics that could be realized earlier only in four-component interference coatings.     

Enhancing the Resistance of Spectral Characteristics of Interference Coatings to Deviation in Parameters of Layers Entering into Their Composition

A new method of enhancing the resistance of spectral characteristics of interference coatings to deviations in parameters of layers entering into their composition is presented. The spectral characteristic that can be obtained using this method for the energy transmittance (or reflectance) of an experimentally manufactured coating is maximally close to the characteristic of the synthesized coating. A way to use several samples for monitoring the thickness of layers during the process of their formation with the aim to reduce the deviation of optical layers during manufacturing of interference coatings is presented.

     

ICP-AES测定室内装饰装修用水性墙面涂料中可溶性重金属Pb,Cd,Cr

通过样品中共存元素干扰和酸度效应的研究 ,采用干扰系数法和标准加入法分别校正了光谱重叠干扰和非光谱干扰 ,建立了ICP AES测定水性墙面涂料中可溶性重金属铅、镉和铬的方法。该方法准确 ,检出限低 ,适用于水性墙面涂料的检验工作     

温度对涂有溶胶-凝胶多层干涉膜的卤钨灯光谱的影响

本文叙述了两个问题.首先,采用溶胶-凝胶浸渍水解法在H4汽车灯上制备了多层干涉膜.该膜层温度升高使这种灯透过膜层的光谱有所移动,于是引起灯发射光谱的变化.其次,我们研究了温度对膜材料光学性质的影响.     

磁控溅射制备微球表面金属Mo涂层的研究

利用磁控溅射制备了各种工艺参数不同的微球表面金属Mo涂层样品,并通过白光干涉仪和扫描电子显微镜对样品的表面及剖面进行了系统的测试分析。分别探究了溅射工作气压和沉积制备时间对微球表面Mo涂层表面形貌以及结晶质量的影响规律。结果表明通过优化工艺参数可制备微球直径约为800μm、涂层厚度为3.5μm到14.1μm、厚度均匀性良好的微球表面Mo涂层。Mo涂层中的晶粒呈现出柱状结构致密堆积在一起,且随涂层的厚度增加晶粒间空隙增大。     

Fourier expansions for the interference film

If the calculation of the squares of the moduli of complex amplitudes is suitably performed in the theory of multiple-beam interference, infinite trigonometric series are obtained, which may be regarded as Fourier expansions of the energy formulae for reflectivity and transmissivity. From this one can directly derive a number of general properties of the interference film of a dielectric, even when metallic coatings are provided at the boundaries.Delivered in the optical section of the 1st Congress of Czechoslovak Physicists, Prague, September 1957.     

非均匀性对增透膜增透特性的影响

通过对基底与膜层、膜层之间界面处非均匀性对增透膜增透性能影响的讨论,得到以下结论:在沉积初期,由于基底表面特性和沉积参数的波动,从而在基底与膜层之间产生过渡层,使增透性能减弱,对增透膜的增透效果影响较大;在膜层之间的过渡层,正余弦过渡使增透性能变强,双曲、指数使增透性能减弱,但影响较小,线性渐变基本没有影响。实验镀制了增透膜并对其进行拟合分析,发现基底与膜层以及膜层之间的过渡层按正余弦变化时与实验结果比较吻合,并给予了解释。     

用溶胶-凝胶光学干涉膜改善白炽灯的发射光谱

叙述了为交通照明开发的卤钨白炽灯.这种灯涂有多层干涉膜,可用于雾灯、高色温灯、信号灯等给出了膜系设计,介绍了涂有这种膜的灯的特性和实验结果.     

Cascaded long-period gratings with nanostructured coatings

The response of the transmission spectrum of cascaded long period gratings (LPGs) to the deposition of nanostructured coatings by use of the Langmuir-Blodgett technique is investigated. The phase of the interference fringes within the LPGs' attenuation bands is shown to be highly sensitive to the optical thickness of the coating, for thicknesses of the order of 100 nm.     

薄膜非均匀性及其对增透膜性能的影响

基于非均匀膜理论提出的折射率分层模型,将非均匀膜层分为N个均匀子层,应用光学薄膜特征矩阵对其进行理论分析。应用膜系设计软件模拟ZrO2和CeO2的负非均匀性对增透膜光谱特性的影响。研究结果表明:负非均匀性使多层增透膜的反射率增大,在参考波长处的光谱特性变差,使整个反射光谱曲线朝长波方向漂移,从而导致整个膜系的光谱特性偏离理想情形。     

Sol-gel preparation and characterization of nanoporous ZnO/SiO2 coatings with broadband antireflection properties

Nanoporous ZnO/SiO₂ bilayer coatings were prepared on the surface of glass substrates via sol-gel dip-coating process. The structural, morphological and optical properties of the coatings were characterized. The refractive indices of ZnO layer and SiO₂ layer are 1.34 and 1.21 at 550 nm, respectively. The transmittance and reflectance spectra of the coatings were investigated and the broadband antireflection performance of the bilayer structure was determined over the solar spectrum. The solar transmittances in the range of 300-1200 nm and 1200-2500 nm are increased by 6.5% and 6.2%, respectively. The improvement of transmittance is attributed to the destructive interference of light reflected from interfaces between the different refractive-index layers with an optimized thickness. Such antireflection coatings of ZnO/SiO₂ provide a promising route for solar energy applications.     

Adhesion, friction, and deformation characteristics of Ti-(Ca,Zr)-(C,N,O,P) coatings for orthopedic and dental implants

This paper reports on the results of a comparative investigation into the physical, mechanical, and tribological characteristics of Ti-(Ca,Zr)-(C,N,O,P) coatings. The hardness, elastic modulus, elastic recovery, adhesion strength, friction coefficient, and wear rate of the coatings are determined. The specific features revealed in the deformation and fracture of the coatings deposited on various substrates in the course of adhesion tests are described. It is shown that the critical loads responsible for different types of adhesion and cohesion failure of the coatings can be determined from a set of parameters obtained during their scratching. The features observed in the behavior of the friction characteristics of the coatings during tribological tests in air and in a physiological solution are discussed.     

Structure and Microwave Absorbing Properties of Fe Particle Containing Alumina Prepared by Micro-arc Oxidation

Electromagnetic wave absorbing materials are being investigated as anti-electromagnetic interference coatings in self-concealing technology, and properties such as dielectric loss, conductive loss, and magnetic loss have been reported in the literature. These materials include metal oxides, alloy-epoxy composites, and especially metallic magnetic materials which have generated particular interest.     

Passivation films on particles of electroexplosion aluminum nanopowders: A review

The physicochemical regularities of the formation of passivating coatings on particles of aluminum electroexplosion nanopowders are examined by means of electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction, differential thermal, chemical analyses and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. The thermal characteristics of inorganic passivating coatings for aluminum nanoparticles were demonstrated to be more advantageous compared to organic coatings. The protective action of organic passivating coatings was shown to be independent of their composition—only the particle size was found to be important.     

Study of optical constants of PbTe and GeTe films

Results of studying the absorption coefficients and refractive indices of PbTe and GeTe films in the spectral range from 1 to 15 μm are presented. The optical constants of films were found by a technique that combines calculation methods and the presence of strong absorption bands in the spectra. The spectral intervals were determined where the film-forming materials under consideration offer promise in the production of interference coatings for the IR spectral region.     

A study of Ba x Mg1 − x F2 optical films

Ba _x Me_{1 ? x} F₂ binary fluoride films (“Me” denotes calcium or magnesium fluoride) are studied. A method of processing the reflection and transmission spectra is proposed to determine the optical constants. The dispersion dependences of the refractive indices and absorption coefficients of films in the range of 1.3–12 μm are found. Dispersion in films in the regions of additional absorption bands, which are absent in single crystals, is observed for the first time. It is shown that the films of binary fluorides have a higher packing density, a lower absorption, and better operating characteristics than do films of pure fluorides. The films are promising for application as optical interference coatings in the mid-IR spectral region.     

On the application of digital image processing to surfaces of different nitride coatings

In this work the application of different image processing techniques to low thickness coatings of CrN, NbN and TaN produced by unbalanced magnetron sputtering has been employed, in order to get an alternative methodology for calculating characteristics such as roughness, grain size and number of grains. The roughness can be compared with the degree of complexity or tortuosity and it can be indicated using the fractal dimension. Grain size is normally determined by measuring the diameter of many grains and averaging these values. Once the features had been calculated, a clustering process was implemented for classifying images of different materials employing the characteristics mentioned before. For this classification, the K-Means method was employed, and its performance was evaluated for each material (class), grouping the characteristics in five different ways. The conclusion was that CrN coatings were the best classified, contrasting with NbN coatings, which were difficult to classify.     

伪装涂层材料的二向偏振散射研究

目标的偏振散射特征研究是偏振遥感应用的基础。在不同的条件下测量了伪装涂层的偏振参数,研究了入射角、观测方位角对涂层偏振散射特征的影响。研究发现,伪装涂层的面散射会产生较大的偏振度,而体散射具有消偏振效应;深色涂层因为面散射起主要作用而具有较大的偏振度;涂层散射光的偏振度与入射角成正比,在观测方位角接近镜面反射方向时最大,随着方位角的增加而迅速减小;草地的偏振度很小,与伪装涂层形成鲜明对比。利用偏振遥感可以有效地识别草地背景中的伪装目标,偏振测量在遥感和目标识别方面具有重要意义。     

颜料含量对复合涂层红外发射率的作用机制研究

以聚氨酯(PU)为粘合剂,某片状金属粉为颜料,采用刮涂法制备了PU/片状金属复合涂层。对不同颜料含量条件下涂层的红外发射率进行了测试,并采用扫描电镜对涂层的微结构进行了观察。发射率测试结果表明,涂层发射率随金属粉含量增加呈“∪”型变化。微结构观察结果表明,PU/片状金属复合涂层由PU和片状金属粉交错堆叠而成,具有类似一维光子结构特征。基于涂层的微结构特征,对具有转折变化特征的4个金属粉含量点状态下涂层中一维光子结构的反射光谱进行了模拟计算,结果表明：PU/片状金属复合涂层的发射率随金属粉含量变化呈“∪”型变化关系特征主要是由涂层中一维光子结构的主反射峰中心波长随颜料含量增加所产生的蓝移现象引起的。     

电泳法(EPD)制备YBCO超导涂层的微结构及其性质

采用顶部籽晶技术和熔融织构工艺改善晶界弱连接 ,并研究不同尺寸的籽晶对超导涂层微结构和超导性质的影响 ;用与基片同样尺寸的籽晶制备 YBCO超导涂层 ,再经过高压氧处理过程 ,YBCO超导涂层的临界电流密度有很大提高