Wigner-type theorem on transition probability preserving maps in semifinite factors

The Wigner's theorem, which is one of the cornerstones of the mathematical formulation of quantum mechanics, asserts that every symmetry of quantum system is unitary or anti-unitary. This classical result was first given by Wigner in 1931. Thereafter it has been proved and generalized in various ways by many authors. Recently, G.P. Gehér extended Wigner's and Molnár's theorems and characterized the transformations on the Grassmann space of all rank-n projections which preserve the transition probability. The aim of this paper is to provide a new approach to describe the general form of the transition probability preserving (not necessarily bijective) maps between Grassmann spaces. As a byproduct, we are able to generalize the results of Molnár and G.P. Gehér.     

Compact derivations relative to semifinite von Neumann algebras

A non-commutative theory of stochastic integration is constructed in which the integrators are the components of the quantum Brownian motion with non-unit variance. Unlike the unit variance (Fock) case, there is a Kunita-Watanabe type representation theorem for processes which are martingales with respect to the generated filtration.     

Local convergence in measure on semifinite von Neumann algebras

Suppose that ? is a von Neumann algebra of operators on a Hilbert space $\mathcal{H}$ and τ is a faithful normal semifinite trace on ?. The set of all τ-measurable operators with the topology t _τ of convergence in measure is a topological *-algebra. The topologies of τ-local and weakly τ-local convergence in measure are obtained by localizing t _τ and are denoted by t _τ1 and t _wτ1, respectively. The set with any of these topologies is a topological vector space. The continuity of certain operations and the closedness of certain classes of operators in with respect to the topologies t _τ1 and t _wτ1 are proved. S.M. Nikol’skii’s theorem (1943) is extended from the algebra $\mathcal{B}(\mathcal{H})$ to semifinite von Neumann algebras. The following theorem is proved: For a von Neumann algebra ? with a faithful normal semifinite trace τ, the following conditions are equivalent: (i) the algebra ? is finite; (ii) t _wτ1 = t _τ1; (iii) the multiplication is jointly t _τ1-continuous from to ; (iv) the multiplication is jointly t _τ1-continuous from to ; (v) the involution is t _τ1-continuous from to .     

The local index formula in semifinite Von Neumann algebras I: Spectral flow

We generalise the local index formula of Connes and Moscovici to the case of spectral triples for a *-subalgebra A of a general semifinite von Neumann algebra. In this setting it gives a formula for spectral flow along a path joining an unbounded self-adjoint Breuer-Fredholm operator, affiliated to the von Neumann algebra, to a unitarily equivalent operator. Our proof is novel even in the setting of the original theorem and relies on the introduction of a function valued cocycle which is ‘almost’ a (b,B)-cocycle in the cyclic cohomology of A.     

The local index formula in semifinite von Neumann algebras II: The even case

We generalise the even local index formula of Connes and Moscovici to the case of spectral triples for a *-subalgebra A of a general semifinite von Neumann algebra. The proof is a variant of that for the odd case which appears in Part I. To allow for algebras with a non-trivial centre we have to establish a theory of unbounded Fredholm operators in a general semifinite von Neumann algebra and in particular prove a generalised McKean-Singer formula.     

L 2-Analytic torsion functions for semifinite von Neumann algebras

We introduce determinant andL ²-analytic functions forn-tuples of commuting elements in a semifinite von Neumann algebra. Some fundamental properties of these functions are investigated.     

Trace and integrable operators affiliated with a semifinite von Neumann algebra

New properties of the space of integrable (with respect to the faithful normal semifinite trace) operators affiliated with a semifinite von Neumann algebra are found. A trace inequality for a pair of projections in the von Neumann algebra is obtained, which characterizes trace in the class of all positive normal functionals on this algebra. A new property of a measurable idempotent are determined. A useful factorization of such an operator is obtained; it is used to prove the nonnegativity of the trace of an integrable idempotent. It is shown that if the difference of two measurable idempotents is a positive operator, then this difference is a projection. It is proved that a semihyponormal measurable idempotent is a projection. It is also shown that a hyponormal measurable tripotent is the difference of two orthogonal projections.     

On a property ofL p spaces on semifinite von Neumann algebras

A characterization of the traces in a broad class of weights on von Neumann algebras is obtained. A new property of the domain ideals of these traces is proved. In the semifinite case, a relation for a faithful normal trace is established. This result is new even for the algebra of all bounded operators on a Hilbert space. Applications of the main result to the structure theory of von Neumann algebras and to the Köthe duality theory for ideal spaces of Segal measurable operators are given.Translated fromMatematicheskie Zametki, Vol. 64, No. 2, pp. 185–190, August, 1998.The author wishes to express his deep gratitude to Professor A. N. Sherstnev for setting the problem and for fruitful discussions.This research was supported by the Russian Foundation for Basic Research under grant No. 95-01-00025.     

Paranormal measurable operators affiliated with a semifinite von Neumann algebra. II

Positivity - Let $${{\mathcal {M}}}$$ be a von Neumann algebra of operators on a Hilbert space $${\mathcal {H}}$$ and $$\tau $$ be a faithful normal semifinite trace on $$\mathcal {M}$$ . Let...     

Dominated convergence in measure on semifinite von Neumann algebras and arithmetic averages of measurable operators

Consider a von Neumann algebra M with a faithful normal semifinite trace τ. We prove that each order bounded sequence of τ-compact operators includes a subsequence whose arithmetic averages converge in τ. We also prove a noncommutative analog of Pratt’s lemma for L ₁(M, τ). The results are new even for the algebra M = B(H) of bounded linear operators with the canonical trace τ = tr on a Hilbert space H. We apply the main result to L _p (M, τ) with 0 < p ≤ 1 and present some examples that show the necessity of passing to the arithmetic averages as well as the necessity of τ-compactness of the dominant.     

A multiplicity theorem for the Neumann problem

Here is a particular case of the main result of this paper: Let be a bounded domain, with a boundary of class , and let be two continuous functions, , with 0$">, , with n$">. If

and if the set of all global minima of the function has at least connected components, then, for each 0$"> small enough, the Neumann problem

admits at least strong solutions in .

     

The classification problem for von Neumann factors

We prove that it is not possible to classify separable von Neumann factors of types II₁, II_∞ or IIIλ, 0?λ?1, up to isomorphism by a Borel measurable assignment of “countable structures” as invariants. In particular the isomorphism relation of type II₁ factors is not smooth. We also prove that the isomorphism relation for von Neumann II₁ factors is analytic, but is not Borel.     

Lipschitz continuity of the absolute value in preduals of semifinite factors

We prove a weak-type estimate for the absolute value mapping in the preduals of semifinite factors which extends an earlier result of Kosaki for the trace class.Research supported by the Australian Research Council (ARC) and the Netherlands Organization for Scientific Research (NWO)