α-Fe_2O_3的制备及α-Fe_2O_3@SiO_2复合纳米材料的吸附性能

采用不同分子结构的有机含氮化合物作为包裹剂成功制备了具有弱磁性的α-Fe_2O_3纳米颗粒,其形貌可以实现由饼状到不规则长方体及长方体的转变.构成该α-Fe_2O_3纳米颗粒的前驱体α-FeOOH呈现梭形结构,通过一锅法可以在梭形α-FeOOH外面包裹一层介孔二氧化硅,煅烧后制备的α-Fe_2O_3@SiO_2复合纳米材料对水相中的亚甲基蓝有良好的吸附效果,室温下最高去除率达97.3%.针对制备的材料进行了XRD、SEM及磁学性能表征.     

Preparation,characterization and catalytic behavior of hierachically porous CuO/α-Fe_2O_3/SiO_2 composite material for CO and o-DCB oxidation

Hierachically porous (HP) CuO/α-Fe2O3/SiO2 composite material was fabricated by sol-gel method and multi-hydrothermal processes using HP-SiO2 as support.The resulting material was characterized by N2 adsorption-desorption,X-ray diffraction and scanning electron microscopy.The as-prepared CuO/Fe2O3/HP-SiO2 sample,with α-Fe2O3 and CuO nanocrystals,possessed a co-continuous skeleton,through-macroporous and mesoporous structure.Its catalytic behavior for CO and o-DCB oxidation was investigated.The result showed that CuO/Fe2O3/HP-SiO2 catalyst exhibited high catalytic activity for both CO and o-DCB oxidation,indicating its potential application in combined abatement of CO and chlorinated volatile organic compounds.     

Synthesis of nanocrystalline γ-Al_2O_3 by sol-gel and precipitation methods for methanol dehydration to dimethyl ether

The capability of sol-gel and conventional precipitation techniques for the synthesis of nanocrystalline γ-alumina was investigated. These catalysts were used for vapor-phase dehydration of methanol to dimethyl ether in a fixed-bed reactor under the same operating conditions (T = 300 ?C, P = 1 bar, LHSV = 2.8, 11.7, 26.1 h?1) and characterized by means of N2 adsorption-desorption, NH3-TPD, XRD, TGA and SEM techniques. According to the experimental results, the catalysts prepared using sol-gel method in non-aqueous medium showed better performance compared with those prepared by other methods.     

水热法制备超细α-Fe_2O_3粉体

以FeCl3·6H2O和氨水为原料,通过水热反应及热处理制得超细球形α-Fe2O3粉体,用IR, XRD和TEM对其结构,物相和形貌进行表征.结果表明,当前驱体FeO2H加热到200 ℃时已经完全分解成α-Fe2O3;FeO2H在300 ℃灼烧3 h可得到粒径约为100 nm和15 nm的两种共存的超细球形α-Fe2O3粉体.     

Preparation of nanocrystalline γ-Al_2O_3 catalyst using different procedures for methanol dehydration to dimethyl ether

A series of nanocrystalline γ-alumina are synthesized by different procedures, namely, thermal decomposition method (sample A), precipita-tion method (sample B) and sol-gel method using sucrose and hexadecyltrimethyl ammonium bromide (CTAB) as templates (samples C and D, respectively). Textural and acidic properties of γ-alumina samples are characterized by XRD, N2 adsorption-desorption and NH3-TPD techniques. Vapor-phase dehydration of methanol into dimethyl ether is carried out over these samples. Among them, sample C shows the highest catalytic activity. NH3-TPD analysis reveals that the sample with smaller crystallite size possesses higher concentration of medium acidic sites and consequently higher catalytic activity. Thermal decomposition method leads to decrease in both surface area and moderate acidity, therefore it is the cause of lower catalytic activity.     

3D α-Fe_2O_3/掺氮石墨烯/碳纳米管复合材料及其储锂性能

针对α-Fe2O3负极在充放电过程中存在的体积膨胀及首次库伦效率低等主要问题,本文采用简单的水热法制备出具有三维多孔结构的α-Fe2O3/掺氮石墨烯(N-GNS)/碳纳米管(CNTs)复合材料。XRD,SEM,TEM及XPS等测试结果表明碳纳米管成功插入到掺氮石墨烯片层间,暴露N-GNS表面的晶格缺陷,为α-Fe2O3晶体生长提供了大量成核位点。粒径大小为30~70 nm的α-Fe2O3颗粒均匀锚定于N-GNS/CNTs三维复合碳载体内进行高效储锂反应。电化学测试结果显示,这种三维复合结构有效改善了α-Fe2O3/GNS负极的电化学性能。     

α-Fe_2O_3纳米晶薄膜厚度对光电流的影响

研究了不同α-Fe2 O3纳米晶薄膜厚度及不同光照方向时α-Fe2 O3/ ITO电极在 KCl溶液中的光电化学行为 ,发现当膜的厚度增加时 ,光电流响应减弱 .当膜的厚度较薄 (5 0μm)时 ,正、反两面光照对光电流的响应几乎不会产生影响 ,而当膜较厚 (1 0 0μm)时 ,反面光照的光电流响应更强 .     

Pd掺杂的纳米晶α-Fe_2O_3基CO敏感元件

采用共沉淀法制备了掺杂 Pd和其它元素的纳米晶α-Fe2 O3 粉体 ,并制作了厚膜型 CO敏感元件 .用XRD、TEM和比表面积测定技术对合成的粉体进行了表征 ,考察了掺杂元素的种类和含量及焙烧温度对敏感元件的灵敏度的影响 .结果表明 ,掺杂 5% Sn4 和 1 % Pd2 ,在 4 50℃焙烧的α-Fe2 O3 对 CO的气敏性最佳 .     

Environment-friendly synthesis of N-phenylpiperidine from aniline and 1,5-pentanediol over γ-Al2O3 catalyst

An efficient environment-friendly synthesis of N-phenylpiperidine was developed from aniline and 1,5-pentanediol over γ-Al2O3 catalyst under atmospheric pressure. The conversion of 1,5-pentanediol reached 97% and the selectivity for N-phenylpiperidine attained 94%. The structure of the catalyst was characterized by NH3-TPD and BET. The influences of calcination temperature of the catalyst and reaction temperature on activity and selectivity of the catalyst were investigated.     

准立方体纳米α-Fe_2O_3的制备及光催化活性研究

本文利用无表面活性剂条件,以氨水和醋酸锌为形貌调控剂,通过水热法合成了准纳米立方块结构的α-Fe2O3。并利用X射线衍射、透射电子显微镜、扫描电子显微镜对产物的形貌进行了的表征,对其形成机理进行了初步的解释。同时对其光催化降解活性进行了研究。     

α-Fe_2O_3纳米立方体和纳米棒组装空心微球的可控合成及其磁学性能

在0.15mol/LCl-和0.05mol/LSO42-的存在下,通过Fe3 溶液140℃水热反应12h分别得到α-Fe2O3纳米立方体和α-FeOOH纳米棒自组装的微球,将得到的α-FeOOH纳米棒自组装微球经600℃热处理2h后转化为α-Fe2O3纳米棒组装空心微球.利用X射线衍射仪、扫描电子显微镜、透射电子显微镜和红外光谱对所得产物进行表征和分析.结果表明,所制备的单分散的α-Fe2O3纳米立方体为六方单晶结构,其边长为500nm.直径为2~4.5μm的空心微球是由直径约150nm的α-Fe2O3纳米棒组装而成.研究了Cl-和SO42-在纳米立方体和空心微球形成过程中的作用,提出了可能的生长机理.在室温下测试了α-Fe2O3纳米立方体和α-Fe2O3纳米棒自组装微球的磁学特性,其矫顽力和剩余磁化强度分别为2858.3Oe(1Oe=79.58A/m)和0.195emu·g-1(1emu·g-1=15.7914×10-9A·m2·kg-1),218.87Oe和0.071emu·g-1.     

γ-Fe_2O_3:A magnetic separable catalyst for synthesis of 5-substituted 1H-tetrazoles from nitriles and sodium azide

<正>An efficient route for the synthesis of 5-substituted 1H-tetrazole via[2+3]cycloaddition of nitriles and sodium azide is reported usingγ-Fe_2O_3 nanoparticles as a magnetic separable catalyst.Under optimized conditions,the moderate to good yields(71-95%) can be obtained.The catalyst can be easily separated by a magnet and reused for several circles.     

NiO/SiO_2Al_2O_3催化剂上CO氧化的原位DSC研究

通过对溶胶凝胶超临界干燥法制备的ＮｉＯ／ＳｉＯ２Ａｌ２Ｏ３催化剂上ＣＯ氧化反应的原位ＤＳＣ测试，实现了对催化剂的活性以及催化剂制备参数影响反应性能的规律考察，同时与实际微反结果进行了比较。结果表明：微反的结果与ＤＳＣ测试结果取得较好的一致性，催化剂的ＣＯ氧化活性与ＤＳＣ半峰温值呈现相应的变化规律；在四个制备参数中以载体对活性的影响最大。对各ＤＳＣ曲线的活化能计算表明，活化能值的大小可以较好地反映催化剂的反应行为。     

Preparation of porous α-Fe2O3-supported Pt and its sensing performance to volatile organic compounds

Porous α-Fe2O3 was synthesized by a simple hydrothermal treatment of FeCl3 aqueous solution followed by a calcination process. In the synthesis of porous α-Fe2O3, no templates or pore-directing agents were used. The as-prepared porous α-Fe2O3 was further employed as a support for loading Pt nanoparticles. The gas sensing performance of the obtained porous α-Fe2O3-supported Pt to VOCs was investigated. The sensor presented a high response and fast response-recovery characteristic to several VOCs including acetone, ether, methanol, ethanol, butanol and hexanol. Meanwhile, it exhibited a much higher response than the pure α-Fe2O3 at the operating temperature of 260°C. The enhanced sensing properties may be related to the unique porous structure of the α-Fe2O3 support and the promoting effect of active Pt nanoparticles for the sensing reactions.     

Metathesis of Butylene-2 and Ethylene to Propylene over 3.0Mo／（Hβ＋γ-Al2O3） Catalysts with Different γ-Al2O3 Contents

A series of 3. OMo/(Hβ γ-Al2O3) samples with γ-Al2O3 contents in the range of 0-100% (mass fraction) was studied by means of XRD, NH3-TPD, TPR and BET determinations for characterizing their structures. The Hβ zeolite structure in the 3.0Mo/Hβ sample can be effectively stabilized by adding some γ-Al2O3 to Hβ zeolite. γ-Al2O3 mainly favors the formation of polymolybdate or multilayered Mo oxide, while Hβ mainly forms the Al2(MoO4)3 species, as evaluated by the TPR technique. When used as the catalyst for the metathesis of butylene-2 and ethylene to propylene, there exists a close correlation between the specific surface area and stability of the catalyst. The specific surface area of the catalyst shows the maximum when (Hβ γ-Al2O3) contains 30%γ-Al2O3, which is in agreement with that of the time needed for the reaction stablization. In the case of maximum surface area, the rate of coke deposition is the minimum.     

Metathesis of Butylene-2 and Ethylene to Propylene over 3.0Mo/(Hβ+ γ-Al203) Catalysts with Different γ-Al203 Contents

A series of 3. 0Mo/(Hβ γ-Al2O3) samples with γ-Al2O3 contents in the range of 0-100% (mass fraction) was studied by means of XRD, NH3-TPD, TPR and BET determinations for characterizing their structures. The Hβ zeolite structure in the 3. 0Mo/Hβ sample can be effectively stabilized by adding some γ-Al2O3to Hβ zeolite. γ-Al2O3 mainly favors the formation of polymolybdate or multilayered Mo oxide, while Hβmainly forms the Al2(MoO4)3 species, as evaluated by the TPR technique. When used as the catalyst for the metathesis of butylene-2 and ethylene to propylene, there exists a close correlation between the specific surface area and stability of the catalyst. The specific surface area of the catalyst shows the maximum when (Hβ γ-Al2O3) contains 30%γ-Al2O3, which is in agreement with that of the time needed for the reaction stablization. In the case of maximum surface area, the rate of coke deposition is the minimum.     

α-Fe_2O_3-TiO_2/SA复合半导体薄膜的制备及光催化性能的研究

应用sol gel法制备纳米α Fe2O3、TiO2及α Fe2O3 TiO2粉体,并以其作前驱体制得该纳米微粒与海藻酸钠的复合膜.由红外光谱(FT IR)、X 射线粉末衍射(XRD)、荧光光谱(PL)、透射电子显微镜(TEM)和循环伏安(I V)等物理化学方法表征、测定各复合薄膜的表面结构与催化活性.紫外 可见吸光光度法等研究结果表明,以杀菌紫外灯作光源,在纳米Fe2O3、TiO2及α Fe2O3 TiO2与海藻酸钠的复合膜悬浮液中,亚甲基蓝可被快速脱色降解,若于α Fe2O3中加入15%的TiO2,其α Fe2O3 TiO2复合晶体比单一的α Fe2O3或TiO2具有更高的光降解活性.     

NiO在γ-Al_2O_3及 TiO_2/γ-Al_2O_3载体上的表面存在状态

本文采用 LRS, XRD, UV-DRS, TPR考查了γ-Al2O3上 TiO2的分散容量,分散态 Ti4＋离子的配位环境; NiO在经 TiO2改性后的γ-Al2O3载体上的分散容量。结果表明：（ 1） TiO2在γ-Al2O3表面的分散容量约为 0.62 mmol/100m2γ-Al2O3,当 TiO2含量低于该分散容量时 Ti4＋在γ-Al2O3载体表面以嵌入形式呈离子态分布;而含量高于分散容量时还有结晶态的 TiO2出现。（ 2） NiO在 TiO2/γ-Al2O3载体表面的分散容量约为 1.1 mmol/100m2γ-Al2O3,比之在γ-Al2O3载体表面的分散容量 (1.5mmol/100m2γ-Al2O3)要低,这是由于γ-Al2O3表面上部分空位被 Ti4＋离子占据。用表面相互作用的“嵌入模型” (Incorporation Model）讨论了这些结果。     

钡改性对Cr_2O_3/Al_2O_3催化剂异丁烷脱氢性能的影响

采用浸渍法制备了不同BaO负载量的Cr_2O_3/Al_2O_3催化剂,利用XRD、BET、NH3-TPD和O2-TPO等表征方法对钡改性前后的催化剂进行了分析;在反应温度560℃、反应压力0.1MPa、催化剂用量10mL、GHSV=400h-1的条件下,在固定床反应器上考察了其异丁烷脱氢反应的性能。结果表明,钡的引入影响了活性组分Cr2O3的分散,导致了催化剂比表面积的降低,但影响并不显著;钡的引入降低了催化剂表面的酸性、减少了反应过程中催化剂的积炭,改善了催化剂的选择性,提高了催化剂的稳定性。当BaO负载量为3%时,催化剂的性能最佳。     

水热合成法制备纳米α-Fe_2O_3粉体及光催化性能研究

以氯化铁和三乙烯四胺为原料,采用水热合成法制备了纳米α-Fe2O3。对样品进行了XRD、FT-IR、TEM表征分析,并研究了其光催化性能。研究结果表明,随着Fe Cl3与C6H18N4摩尔比的增大,纳米颗粒先增大后减小,当n(Fe Cl3)∶n(C6H18N4)=1∶1,样品为结晶度较好的50~80 nm的近方形颗粒,且分散性较好。当n(Fe Cl3)∶n(C6H18N4)=2∶1,样品颗粒最小,光催化性能最好。随着水热反应时间延长,样品颗粒尺寸减小,当水热反应0.5 h时,样品为形貌不规则、界面不清晰、有毛绒状物质附着的60~70 nm的圆形颗粒,有团聚,结晶度较差。当水热反应1 h时,样品为粒径65 nm左右的近方形均匀块状颗粒,且分散性较好,结晶度较高。继续延长水热反应时间,样品形貌变化且颗粒减小,光催化性能逐渐增强。