共查询到19条相似文献,搜索用时 62 毫秒
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1 引 言色谱分析中一个棘手的问题就是痕量组分的测定 ,由于痕量组分信号很微弱 ,常被噪音所淹没以至无法检出。本文研究了色谱噪音的统计学特性 ,将同一样品的多次测定值相叠加 ,噪音叠加后无明显增加 ,而组分信号叠加后增益 ,信噪比明显提高 ,检出限降低 ,重现性满足定量分析要求 ,适合于微弱信号检测。2 基本原理色谱分析中对某物质的检出限主要取决于检测器的噪音。IUPAC将信号定义为噪音的 3倍。信噪比是指某组分信号与噪音信号之比 ,信噪比越大 ,噪音对信号的影响越小。噪音是仪器自身属性 ,不易降低 ,若能使组分信号增益 ,… 相似文献
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自适应随机共振算法用于微弱信号检测 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
我们[1] 曾将随机共振方法应用于化学弱信号的检测 ,并提出了一种只利用测量信号本身所包含噪声的协作效应来检测化学弱信号的新方法 [2 ] ,即通过连续变化系统自身的稳态参数来实现共振 .在以往工作中 ,对输出结果的表征也只是将输出与已知结果进行比较 ,通过对输出的随时监控来判断是否得到最优结果 ,因而不能实现微弱信号的自适应检测 .这无疑也限制了此方法的实际应用 .本文在以上工作的基础上 ,研究了双稳系统的输出特性 ,提出了一种自适应随机共振算法 ,即基于双稳系统的系统输出可以通过调节系统自身的稳态参数达到共振 ,从而在连续… 相似文献
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小波变换用于高效液相色谱的噪声滤除 总被引:13,自引:3,他引:10
根据小波变换将信号分频的性质,用Haar小波成功地解决了高效液相色谱中噪音的扣除问题,并应用于乳酸-稀土络合物体系的色谱数据,得到的色谱曲线平滑且峰位置不变,大葱旁氡群徒档土思觳庀蕖? 相似文献
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应用傅立叶变换红外光谱法实现了聚氯乙烯及邻苯二甲酸酯类增塑剂的快速鉴别。对聚氯乙烯的定性采用了衰减全反射技术,用锗作为晶体材料,对邻苯二甲酸酯类的定性则采用透射法。用溶解-沉淀法对试样进行分离和纯化,所用溶剂为四氢呋喃,沉淀剂为无水乙醇。经过此方法,聚合物与增塑剂达到很好的分离和纯化。 相似文献
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本文提出一种新的富里叶变换平滑算法并应用于处理阶梯扫描伏安法的实验数据。方法的建立主要是基于平滑原理的缩减步骤、三角函数周期性及和角公式计算正弦、余弦的简化方法。本法对新极谱法实验数据的处理较最小二乘多项式拟合平滑效果更显著。 相似文献
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傅里叶变换用于铁和锌的同时光度测定 总被引:7,自引:0,他引:7
研究了傅里叶变换技术用于铁锌二组分的同时分光光度测定,采用傅里叶变换对吸光度数据进行预处理,再结合目标转换因子分析或偏最小二乘分析,结果较普通的目标转换因子分析或偏最小二乘法有显著改善。以傅里叶变换-偏最小二乘法就用于实际铝合金样品中铁和锌的同时测定,结果令人满意。 相似文献
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Norouzi Parviz Ganjali Mohammad Reza Qomi Mahnaz Nemati Kharat Ali Zamani Hassan Ali 《中国化学》2010,28(7):1133-1139
A continuous cyclic voltammetric study of letrozole at gold microelectrode was carried out. The drug in phosphate buffer (pH 2.0) is adsorbed at ?200 mV, giving rise to change in the current of well‐defined oxidation peak of gold in the flow injection system. The proposed detection method has some of advantages, the greatest of which are as follows: first, it is no more necessary to remove oxygen from the analyte solution and second, this is a very fast and appropriate technique for determination of the drug compound in a wide variety of chromatographic analysis methods. Signal‐to‐noise ratio has significantly increased by application of discrete Fast Fourier Transform (FFT) method, background subtraction and two‐dimensional integration of the electrode response over a selected potential range and time window. Also in this work some parameters such as sweep rate, eluent pH, and accumulation time and potential were optimized. The linear concentration range was of 1.0×10?7?1.0×10?10 mol/L (r=0.9975) with a limit of detection and quantitation 0.08 nmol/L and 0.15 nmol/L, respectively. The method has the requisite accuracy, sensitivity, precision and selectivity to assay letrozol in tablets. The influences of pH of eluent, accumulation potential, sweep rate, and accumulation time on the determination of the letrozol were considered. 相似文献
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Taking into account the existence of internal noise in small scale biochemical reaction systems, we studied how the internal noise would influence the detection of weak external signal in the cell system using chemical Langevin equation. The weak signal was too small to, separately, fire calcium spikes for the cell. We found that, near the Hopf bifurcation point, the internal noise could help the calcium oscillation signal cross a threshold value, and at an optimal internal noise level, a resonance occurred among the internal noise, the internal noise-induced calcium oscillations, and the weak signal, so as to enhance intensively the ability of the cell system to detect the weak signal. Since the internal noise was changed via the cell size, this phenomenon demonstrated the existence of an optimal cell size for the signal detection. Interestingly, it was found that the optimal size matched well with the real cell size, which was robust to external stimulus, this was of significant biological meaning. 相似文献
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在小尺度的生物化学反应体系中内噪声是普遍存在的,本文采用化学Langevin方程研究了细胞体系中内噪声对弱信号检测的作用. 研究发现, 在Hopf分岔点附近, 当弱信号非常小以至于不能独立地激发细胞内的钙尖峰振荡时, 内噪声能够帮助细胞内的钙振荡信号越过一个域值, 并且在一个最佳的内噪声强度下, 内噪声、内噪声诱导的钙振荡和弱信号之间会产生共振现象, 由此极大地增强了细胞体系对弱信号的检测能力. 由于内噪声是通过细胞尺度变化而改变的, 因此这种现象也说明了在对弱信号检测行为中最佳细胞尺度的存在. 研究还发现最佳的细胞尺度与真正的细胞体积是相吻合的, 并且基本不随外界刺激的改变而改变, 这具有重要的生物学意义. 相似文献
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Spin noise spectroscopy has attracted considerable attention recently owing partly to intrinsic interest in the phenomenon and partly to its significant application potential. Here, we address the inherent problem of low sensitivity of nuclear spin noise and examine the utility of wavelet transform to mitigate this problem by distinguishing real peaks from the noise contaminated data. Suppression of the random circuit noise and the consequent enhancement of the correlated nuclear spin noise signal have been demonstrated with discrete wavelet transform. Spectra of both 1H and 13C nuclear spins have been considered and significant signal enhancements in both the cases have been observed. A detailed analysis of several possible wavelet, thresholding and decomposition solutions have been made to obtain the optimum condition for signal enhancement. It is observed that the application of wavelet transform leaves the spin noise signal line shape essentially unchanged, which is an advantage for several applications involving spin noise spectra. 相似文献