高效液相色谱法测定黄姜中皂素

黄姜中皂素经过酸解释放,用ASE200萃取机萃取于甲醇中,然后用高效液相色谱法测定.色谱分离采用YWG-C18柱,以甲醇-水(95 5)溶液为流动相,于210 nm波长处检测.方法的检出限0.2 mg·L-1,线性范围为0.01～2.93 g·L-1.方法的回收率在97.1%～99.8%范围内,4个实际样品测定结果的相对标准偏差(n=7)为1.1%～1.5%.     

固相萃取-反相高效液相色谱法测定隐形眼镜护理液中聚胺丙基双胍

建立了固相萃取-反相高效液相色谱法测定隐形眼镜护理液中聚胺丙基双胍的方法.用Spe-ed WCX固相萃取柱(500 rag/3 mL)将样品浓缩富集后,以Shiseido C18色谱柱(150 min×4.6 mm,5 pm)为分离柱,以pH 4.0的乙腈-20 mm01.L-1乙酸铵(体积比16比84)为流动相,检测波长为235 nm,7 min内测定样品中聚胺丙基双胍.方法检出限(S/N=3)为0.046 mg·L-1,相对标准偏差为3.3%(n=7),线性范围为100～800 mg·L-1,加标回收率93.5%～110.9%.     

高效液相色谱法测定苹果与山楂制品中展青霉素

利用高效液相色谱法测定了苹果、山楂等制品中的展青霉素.样品经乙酸乙酯提取、碳酸钠净化后进行检测,通过对流动相、检测波长等试验条件的优化,消除了5-羟甲基糠醛对展青霉素测定的干扰,方法的回收率为95.2%～107.1%;检出限(3S/N)为0.04 mg·L-1,线性范围在0.14～2.8 mg·L-1.     

高效液相色谱法测定白桦树皮中儿茶素和白桦酯醇的含量

提出了高效液相色谱法(HPLC)测定白桦树皮中白桦酯醇和儿茶素含量的方法.色谱柱为Shim-pack CLC-ODS C18(150 mm×6.0 mm,5 μm),流动相为甲醇-水(75+25)混合溶液,紫外检测波长为205 nm,柱温30℃,流速1.0 mL·min-1,柱压7.747 MPa.儿茶素的线性范围为20.0～400.0 mg·L-1,白桦酯醇的线性范围为15.0～300.0 mg·L-1,儿茶素和白桦酯醇的加标平均回收率分别为95.8%和94.9%,相对标准偏差(n=5)分别为1.67%和2.86%.     

高效液相色谱法测定双黄连制剂中绿原酸和黄芩苷

建立同时测定双黄连制剂中绿原酸(CGA)和黄芩苷(BCL)的高效液相色谱法.采用梯度洗脱,色谱柱为Waters Symmetry C18>(3.9 mm×150 mm,5μm)柱,以甲醇-0.06 mol·L-1磷酸为流动相,流速为0.8 mL·min-1,检测波长为320 nm.绿原酸的线性范围为1.72～137.6 mg·L-1,回归方程y=-28 900.12 23 036.71 x(r=0.999 6),平均回收率为95.8%,相对标准偏差为3.53%(n=7);黄芩苷的线性范围为3.35～267.9 mg·L-1,回归方程y=19 940.40 13 564.15 x(r=0.999 8),平均回收率为97.3 %,相对标准偏差为2.85%(n=7).     

多菌灵原药中2个酚嗪类杂质含量的高效液相色谱法测定

建立了高效液相色谱法测定多菌灵原药中2个酚嗪类杂质(2,3-二氨基酚嗪(DAP)和2-羟基-3-氨基酚嗪(HAP))含量的方法.采用紫外-可见光检测器,检测波长为453 nm,分析柱为Zorbax SB-C18色谱柱,以甲醇-0.05 mol·L-1乙酸铵溶液(体积比50:50,pH 3.0)为流动相,流速1.0 mL·min-1.DAP在0.136～2.18 mg·L-1质量浓度范围呈线性响应,相关系数为0.999 9,检出限为0.03 mg·L-1,相对标准偏差为1.08%,平均加标回收率为99%;HAP在0.10～1.60 mg·L-1质量浓度范围呈线性响应,相关系数为0.999 9,检出限为0.05 mg·L-1,相对标准偏差为2.71%,平均加标回收率为98%.     

离子色谱法测定水果中亚硝酸盐和硝酸盐

建立了离子色谱法测定水果中亚硝酸盐和硝酸盐的方法.试样溶液中亚硝酸盐和硝酸盐在YSA-8阴离子色谱柱分离,以4 mmol.L-1碳酸钠-3 mmol.L-1碳酸氢钠为流动相,电导检测.亚硝酸盐和硝酸盐的检出限分别为0.02 mg·L-1和0.11 mg·L-1,工作曲线的线性范围分别在0.2～20.0 mg·L-1和0.3～30.0 mg·L-1范围内.该方法已应用于水果中亚硝酸盐和硝酸盐的测定,测得回收率在93.4%～105.2%之间.     

高效液相色谱法测定染发剂中2-硝基-p-苯二胺

应用高效液相色谱法测定了染发剂中2-硝基-p-苯二胺的含量。样品用乙醇-水(1+1)混合溶液提取后,经水系C18色谱柱分离,以(A)10mol·L-1柠檬酸缓冲溶液-10mol·L-1辛烷磺酸钠溶液(pH 2.6)与(B)乙腈以体积比75比25组成的混合溶液为流动相进行等度洗脱,用二极管阵列检测器于410nm检测。2-硝基-p-苯二胺的线性范围为2.4～240mg·L-1,检出限(3S/N)为0.7mg·L-1。以染发剂样品为基体,进行加标回收试验,回收率在90.4%～99.4%之间,相对标准偏差(n=6)在0.35%～3.0%之间。     

氨基葡萄糖盐酸盐含量的HPLC柱前衍生法测定

建立了柱前衍生反相高效液相色谱法测定制剂及保健品中的氨基葡萄糖盐酸盐(GAH)的含量,利用邻苯二甲醛与氨基葡萄糖盐酸盐中的氨基进行柱前在线衍生化反应,C18色谱柱洗脱,用荧光检测器(激发340 nm,发射450 nm)测定.流动相A为10 mmol·L-1 Na2HPO4-NaH2PO4缓冲液(pH 7.2,PBS),含0.5%(体积分数)四氢呋喃;流动相B为PBS-甲醇-乙腈(体积比50:35:15).线性范围为1.0 ～100.0 mg·L-1,相关系数为0.999 9,GAH的定量下限为1.0 mg·L-1,保留时间和峰面积的相对标准偏差分别为0.12%和1.69%,加标回收率为99% ～101%.     

液相色谱-串联质谱法测定葡萄酒中7种生物胺含量

提出了液相色谱-串联质谱法测定葡萄酒中2-苯乙胺、色胺、尸胺、组胺、腐胺、精胺、亚精胺等7种生物胺含量的方法。样品经0.45μm滤膜过滤后,直接通过Zorbax Eclipse XDB C8色谱柱(4.6mm×150mm,5μm)进行分离,以不同体积5mmol·L-1乙酸铵-10mmol·L-1全氟己酸甲醇溶液(A)和5mmol·L-1乙酸铵-10mmol·L-1全氟己酸水溶液(B)的混合液为流动相梯度洗脱,串联质谱法进行测定。7种生物胺的质量浓度均在0.1～5.0mg·L-1范围内与其峰面积呈线性关系,检出限(3S/N)在0.005～0.02mg·L-1之间。以空白葡萄酒样品为基体进行加标回收试验,测得回收率在84.1%～97.5%之间;测定值的相对标准偏差(n=5)在6.3%～13%之间。     

二氧化碳和丙烯直接合成甲基丙烯酸的NiPMo/TiO2催化剂的研究

用溶胶-凝胶法以磷钼酸(MPA)的镍盐溶液水解钛酸四丁酯制备了NiPMo/TiO2催化剂.使用ICP、 XRD、 TG-DTA、 IR、 TPD-MS和微反应技术研究了催化剂的化学组成、热稳定性、化学吸附性质和催化反应性能.杂多钼酸盐与TiO2通过O2-在TiO2表面发生了键合.在623 K下,杂多阴离子仍保持原有的Keggin结构.CO2在Lewis酸位Ni(Ⅱ)和Lewis碱位Ni-O-Mo的桥氧协同作用下生成CO2卧式吸附态Ni(Ⅱ)←O-(CO)←(O--Ni).丙烯有多种吸附态在催化剂上吸附.在563 K、 1 MPa和空速1500 h-1的反应条件下,丙烯的摩尔转化率为3.2%,产物MAA选择性为95%.     

Synthesis of 1-benzyloxypyrazin-2(1H)-one derivatives

Different approaches for the synthesis of 1-benzyloxypyrazin-2(1H)-one derivatives from simple amino acids have been investigated. A library of 33 precursors for the preparation of N-hydroxy pyrazinones was obtained in moderate to good yields.     

Toward new camptothecins. Part 6: Synthesis of crucial ketones and their use in Friedländer reaction

In the context of the preparation of camptothecin and luotonin A analogs, the synthesis of some key keto-precursors and their use in Friedländer condensation are described. This paper also focuses on the stability of these keto intermediates and emphasizes the major differences between indolizinones and pyrroloquinazolinones series. Noteworthy is also the report of some original structures isolated as by-products of some experiments.     

CoFe2O4自形成磁性液体场致结构化对磁化的影响

The Langevin paramagnetic theory can’t describe the relation between magnetization of ferrofluids and applied magnetic field. The structuralization of ferrofluids, which is considered the main influence factor of the magnetization, is regarded. The part of magnetization works is deposited when the structure is forming. This action influences the magnetization of ferrofluids directly or indirectly. On the base of the “compressing” model, the Langevin function that usually describes the magnetization of ferrofluid is modified, and a well-fitted curve is obtained. An equation of the relation between the equivalent volume fraction after being “compressed” and the intensity of magnetic field is discovered, which approximately describes the process of magnetization. The relation between the approximate initial susceptibility and the volume fraction can be obtained from modified formula.     

Highly regioselective Buchwald–Hartwig amination at C-2 of 2,4-dichloropyridine enabling a novel approach to 2,4-bisanilinopyridine (BAPyd) libraries

The highly regioselective Buchwald–Hartwig amination at C-2 of the cheap and readily accessible reagent, 2,4-dichloropyridine with a range of anilines and heterocyclic amines is described. This new methodology is robust and provides a facile access to 4-chloro-N-phenylpyridin-2-amines on 0.25 mol scale. These intermediates undergo a further Buchwald–Hartwig amination at higher temperature to enable rapid exploration of the chemical space at C-4 and to provide a library of 2,4-bisaminopyridines.     

KMnO4-mediated oxidative CN bond cleavage of tertiary amines: Synthesis of amides and sulfonamides

KMnO₄-mediated oxidative CN bond cleavage of tertiary amines producing secondary amine was introduced, which was trapped by electrophiles (acyl chloride and sulfonyl chloride) to form amides and sulfonamides. The reaction could take place at mild condition, tolerating a wide range of function groups and affording products in moderate to excellent yields.     

Chemistry of heterocyclic compounds at the A. E. Favorsky Irkutsk Institute of Chemistry, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, over 50 years (Review)

The review contains a concise historical account and information on the most significant researches undertaken by the staff at the A. E. Favorsky Irkutsk Institute of Chemistry, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences on the Chemistry of Heterocyclic Compounds. Dedicated to Academician of the Russian Academy of Sciences B. A. Trofimov on his 70th jubilee. Translated from Khimiya Geterotsiklicheskikh Soedinenii, No. 10, pp. 1443–1502, October, 2008.     

A general and convenient synthesis of 4-(tosylmethyl)semicarbazones and their use in amidoalkylation of hydrogen,heteroatom, and carbon nucleophiles

A general synthesis of previously unknown semicarbazone-based α-amidoalkylating reagents, 4-(tosylmethyl)semicarbazones, has been developed. The synthesis involved three-component condensation of semicarbazones of aliphatic or aromatic aldehydes with the same or other aldehydes and p-toluenesulfinic acid. The scope and limitations of this reaction were investigated. The compounds obtained were demonstrated to be an efficient α-(4-semicarbazono)alkylating agents. They were reacted with H- (sodium borohydride), O- (sodium methylate), S- (sodium phenylthiolate), N- (pyrrolidine, sodium succinimide), P- (trialkyl phosphites), and C-nucleophiles (sodium diethyl malonate) to give the corresponding products of the tosyl group substitution, 4-substituted semicarbazones, including analogues of nitrofurazone. Among the prepared compounds tested in vitro for antibacterial and antifungal activity, three nitrofuryl-containing semicarbazones exhibited high biological activities with minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) values of 8–32 μg/mL.     

Sulfur-directed metal-free and regiospecific methyl C(sp3)–H imidation of thioanisoles

Regiospecific and direct imidation of the methyl C(sp³)–H bond of thioanisoles is realized under mild and metal-free conditions with N-fluorobis(benzenesulfonyl)imide as an oxidant and nitrogen source. Proposed mechanism suggests that thionium ion intermediates and a Pummerer-type reaction are involved. The imidation has advantages such as high step-economy, excellent functionality tolerance, and regiospecificity, giving structurally diverse imidation products.     

Synthesis of novel chiral bidentate hydroxyalkyl-N-heterocyclic carbene ligands and their application in palladium-catalyzed Mizoroki–Heck couplings and asymmetric addition of diethylzinc to benzaldehyde

A small library of new chiral bidentate hydroxyalkyl-imidazolium salts 1 is conveniently synthesized on multi-gram scale from inexpensive and commercially available chiral pool amino acids. The corresponding carbenes, generated by deprotonation of imidazolium salts 1, in combination with palladium(II) chloride were tested in the Mizoroki–Heck coupling reaction. The most significant results in terms of yields and reactivities were achieved with low catalyst loading. The catalytic activities of these imidazolium salts were also investigated in the asymmetric addition of diethylzinc to benzaldehyde. The use of MgO nanoparticles as an additive in conjunction with these ligands played a crucial role in increasing the efficiency of these reactions.