金属离子调控IRMOF3-sal的发光性质

通过后合成修饰将水杨醛(Salicylaldehyde, sal)锚装在金属-有机框架化合物IRMOF-3上, 捕获不同金属离子得到系列化合物IRMOF3-M_sal(M=Mg, Zn, Co, Cd, Ni, Eu, Nd, Pr, Tb); 采用红外光谱、元素分析和X射线粉末衍射对其进行表征, 并对其荧光性质进行了对比研究. 结果表明, IRMOF3-M_sal的荧光峰均发生较大蓝移且IRMOF3-Mg_sal的荧光强度最大.     

三维共价有机框架的后合成修饰

三维共价有机框架(3D COFs)是一种由有机构筑基元通过共价键连接而成的三维网状晶态有机多孔材料,具有高比表面积、复杂孔道结构和大量开放功能位点,在气体吸附与分离及催化等领域展现出了独特的应用前景.由功能基团构筑3D COFs可赋予其特征的性质及功能,然而普遍采用的直接构筑法可能存在合成困难、功能基团不兼容及结构解析...     

离子型手性金属有机框架材料的构筑及其对Fe3+和硝基化合物的荧光识别

合成了一例具有两重互穿qtz(quartz,石英)拓扑结构的离子型手性金属有机框架材料[CdL_2·2(Me_2NH_2)~+·6H_2O]_n(1),其中L为去质子化的H_2L配体(2-羟基对苯二甲酸)。荧光识别实验表明,配合物1可选择性的检测Fe~(3+)和硝基化合物(其中2,4,6–三硝基苯酚的猝灭常数为1.86×10~4/M,4-硝基甲苯的猝灭常数为8.61×10~3/M,Fe~(3+)的猝灭常数为2.52×10~4/M)。此外,使用密度泛函理论、紫外可见吸收光谱等手段讨论了硝基化合物的传感机制。     

两个金属有机框架化合物对硝基芳香化合物在气/液相的荧光传感

制备了2个金属有机框架化合物[Cd_2(DDCPB)(DMF)_2(H_2O)]_n(CHD-1)和{[Zn_2(DDCPB)(DMA)_2]·DMA}_n(CHD-2)(H_4DDCPB=1,1′∶3′,1″-三联苯-3,3″,5,5″-四羧酸)。荧光测试表明:2个化合物均能在气/液两相中高效地选择性识别系列硝基芳香化合物(NACs)。溶液中NACs对2个化合物的荧光有较高的淬灭率,其淬灭常数可通过定量实验计算。CHD-1和CHD-2对溶液中的NACs显示出高选择性、优异的灵敏度和低检测限。基于2个化合物的薄膜检测对硝基苯(NB)和2-硝基甲苯(o-MNT)蒸气时也具有高灵敏度。此外,详细讨论了化合物的荧光传感机理。     

卟啉共价有机框架化合物的研究进展

共价有机框架化合物(COFs)是一类新兴的具有多孔结构的晶态有机聚合物,在储存与分离、催化、能量转化等领域具有广泛应用。本文介绍了一类基于卟啉单元的COFs,从框架构筑及应用开发两方面综述了这类材料的研究进展。     

酰基偶氮化合物的固态合成

固态合成具有高产率、高选择性、低能耗、无溶剂、环境污染小等优点[1]。偶氮化合物广泛地用作染料,分析试剂,非线性光学材料,激光盘信息存贮材料和现代彩色照相技术中的油溶性染料[2 8]。本文Fe(NO3)3·9H2O作为氧化剂,在室温无溶剂条件下,将芳基取代酰肼固态氧化为酰基偶氮化合物。产物的结构都经过了元素分析、IR和1HNMR谱表证。取1mmol取代酰肼和2mmolFe(NO3)3·9H2O于玛瑙研钵中混合均匀,室温下研磨6～8分钟后,混合物的颜色由浅色变为棕色。用10ml丙酮使混合物充分溶解,并移入小烧杯中,向烧杯中加入几滴盐酸,直到溶液的颜色…     

UMCM-1-NH2的后合成修饰及对镁离子的荧光识别

采用后合成修饰技术将水杨醛锚装在金属-有机骨架化合物UMCM-1-NH2上,得到一种席夫碱功能化的多孔化合物UMCM-1-Sal,利用其孔道内的N,O原子易与金属离子配位的特点,捕获了一系列金属离子[Mg(Ⅱ),Zn(Ⅱ),Co(Ⅱ),Ni(Ⅱ),Cd(Ⅱ),Fe(Ⅲ),Cu(Ⅱ)],并对比研究了它们的光致发光行为.结果表明,与UMCM-1-NH2相比,UMCM-1-Sal的荧光发射峰红移,荧光强度降低,捕获金属离子后其荧光强度又有所增强,其中捕获镁后的荧光增强最明显.     

铜-金属有机框架物修饰电极的制备及甲硝唑测定

在玻碳电极表面聚合一层对氨基苯甲酸导电膜,通过羧基配位作用将具有优良导电性及催化能力的铜金属有机框架化合物(Cu-MOFs)自组装在对氨基苯甲酸修饰电极表面,制备了铜-金属有机框架物修饰电极。对Cu-MOFs进行了表征,研究了修饰电极的伏安特征及对甲硝唑(MNZ)的电催化特性,建立了一种高灵敏度的测定甲硝唑的电化学分析方法。在1.0~100.0μmol/L浓度范围内,MNZ的还原电流与其浓度呈良好的线性关系,检出限达0.23μmol/L,方法已用于蜂蜜样品中MNZ的测定。     

一例对二硫化碳具有荧光传感性能的Mg-金属有机框架化合物

通过溶剂热合成了一例Mg-MOF化合物[Mg₄(1,4-NDC)₄(DMA)₂(CH₃OH)₂(H₂O)₂]·DMA·CH₃OH(1,1,4-H₂NDC=1,4-萘二酸,DMA=N,N'-二甲基乙酰胺),并对其结构表征及荧光性能进行了研究。 单晶X射线研究结果表明,化合物结晶于P2₁/c空间群,其晶体学数据为a=2.06090(12) nm, b=2.21014(13) nm, c=1.50385(10) nm, β=111.399(3)°, V=6.3776(7) nm³, Z=4, D_c=1.403 g/cm³, F(000)=2824, R=0.0596, wR=0.1225(I>2σ(I))。 化合物1中,二核的镁作为次级构筑单元通过桥连配体1,4-NDC连接形成沿c轴方向拓展的一维链。 一维链间进一步通过配体连接形成3D框架的化合物。 荧光性能研究表明,化合物1对CS₂具有灵敏的荧光传感性能,在0.4%的体积分数条件下可引起CS₂荧光的完全淬灭。 此外,化合物1的热稳定性也通过热重分析进行了研究,发现其可稳定到140 ℃左右。     

硝基基团修饰的金属有机框架化合物的合成及晶体结构表征

分别以2种硝基羧酸配体EBNB(1,2-二(3-硝基苯甲酸)-乙烯)和NPA(3-硝基邻苯二甲酸)与BPY(4,4′-联吡啶)及金属锌反应,配位溶剂热法合成了2种具有硝基基团修饰的二核金属簇为基本构筑单元的金属有机框架化合物[Zn2(EBNB)2(BPY)2·2H2O]n(1)和[Zn2(NPA)2(BPY)2·H2O]n(2)。通过X-射线单晶衍射法测定了2种配合物的结构,其中配合物1属于三斜晶系,P1空间群,a=0.818 62(9)nm,b=1.142 20(14)nm,c=1.428 63(17)nm,α=96.803 0(10)°,β=93.045 0(10)°,γ=102.472(2)°,V=1.290 8(3)nm3,Z=2,Mr=595.81,Dc=1.533 g·cm-3,μ=1.01 mm-1,F(000)=608,T=293(2)K;配合物2属于三斜晶系,P1空间群,a=1.154 06(14)nm,b=1.190 86(16)nm,c=1.459 52(19)nm,α=98.029(1)°,β=98.749(1)°,γ=113.579(2)°,V=1.771 9(4)nm3,Z=2,Mr=879.35,Dc=1.648 g·cm-3,μ=1.43 mm-1,F(000)=892,T=293(2)K。同时也对2种配合物的发光性能进行了测试,测试结果表明2种配合物具有较好的荧光性能。     

Tuning Hydrogen Sorption Properties of Metal–Organic Frameworks by Postsynthetic Covalent Modification

Postsynthetic modification is presented as a means to tune the hydrogen adsorption properties of a series of metal–organic frameworks (MOFs). IRMOF‐3 (isoreticular metal–organic framework), UMCM‐1‐NH₂ (University of Michigan crystalline material), and DMOF‐1‐NH₂ (DABCO metal–organic framework) have been covalently modified with a series of anhydrides or isocyanates and the hydrogen sorption properties have been studied. Both the storage capacities and isosteric heats of adsorption clearly show that covalent postsynthetic modification can significantly enhance the sorption affinity of MOFs with hydrogen and in some cases increase both gravimetric and volumetric uptake of the gas as much as 40 %. The significance of the present study is illustrated by: 1) the nature of the substituents introduced by postsynthetic modification result in different effects on the binding of hydrogen; 2) the covalent postsynthetic modification approach allows for systematic modulation of hydrogen sorption properties; and 3) the ease of postsynthetic modification of MOFs allows a direct evaluation of the interplay between MOF structure, hydrogen uptake, and heat of adsorption. The findings presented herein show that postsynthetic modification is a powerful method to manipulate and better understand the gas sorption properties of MOFs.     

Controlling the Flexibility of MIL-88A(Sc) Through Synthetic Optimisation and Postsynthetic Halogenation

Breathing behaviour in metal-organic frameworks (MOFs), the distinctive transformation between a porous phase and a less (or non) porous phase, often controls the uptake of guest molecules, endowing flexible MOFs with highly selective gas adsorptive properties. In highly flexible topologies, breathing can be tuned by linker modification, which is typically achieved pre-synthetically using functionalised linkers. Herein, it was shown that MIL-88A(Sc) exhibits the characteristic flexibility of its topology, which can be tuned by 1) modifying synthetic conditions to yield a formate-buttressed analogue that is rigid and porous; and 2) postsynthetic bromination across the alkene functionality of the fumarate ligand, generating a product that is rigid but non-porous. In addition to providing different methodologies for tuning the flexibility and breathing behaviour of this archetypal MOF, it was shown that bromination of the formate-bridged analogue results in an identical material, representing a rare example of two different MOFs being postsynthetically converted to the same end product.     

Amidation,Esterification, and Thioesterification of a Carboxyl‐Functionalized Covalent Organic Framework

Three new post‐synthetic modification reactions, namely amidation, esterification, and thioesterification, were demonstrated on a novel highly crystalline two‐dimensional covalent organic framework (COF), COF‐616, bearing pre‐installed carboxyl groups. The strategy can be used to introduce a large variety of functional groups into COFs and the modifications can be carried out under mild reaction conditions, with high yields, and an easy work‐up protocol. As a proof of concept, various chelating functionalities were successfully incorporated into COF‐616 to yield a family of adsorbents for efficient removal of several contaminants in the water.     

Post-Synthetic Modification of Zr-based Metal-Organic Frameworks with Imidazole: Variable Optical Behavior and Sensing

UiO-66-NH₂-IM, a fluorescent metal-organic framework (MOF), was synthesized by post-synthetic modification of UiO-66-NH₂ with 2-imidazole carboxaldehyde via a Schiff base reaction. It was examined using various characterization techniques (PXRD, FTIR, NMR, SEM, TGA, UV-Vis DRS, and photoluminescence spectroscopy). The emissive feature of UiO-66-NH₂-IM was utilized to detect volatile organic compounds (VOCs), metal ions, and anions, such as acetone, Fe³⁺, and carbonate (CO₃²⁻). Acetone turns off the high luminescence of UiO-66-NH₂-IM in DMSO, with the limit of detection (LOD) being 3.6 ppm. Similarly, Fe³⁺ in an aqueous medium is detected at LOD=0.67 μM (0.04 ppm) via quenching. On the contrary, CO₃²⁻ in an aqueous medium significantly enhances the luminescence of UiO-66-NH₂-IM, which is detected with extremely high sensitivity (LOD=1.16 μM, i. e., 0.07 ppm). Large Stern-Volmer constant, K_sv, and low LOD values indicate excellent sensitivity of the post-synthetic MOF. Experimental data supported by density functional theory (DFT) calculations discern photo-induced electron transfer (PET), resonance energy transfer (RET), inner filter effect (IFE), or proton abstraction as putative sensing mechanisms. NMR and computational studies propose a proton abstraction mechanism for luminescence enhancement with CO₃²⁻. Moreover, the optical behavior of the post-synthetic material toward analytes is recyclable.     

Magnetism and Luminescence of a MOF with Linear Mn3 Nodes Derived from an Emissive Terthiophene-Based Imidazole Linker

A new terthiophene-based imidazole luminophore 5,5’-(1H-thieno[3,4-d]imidazole-4,6-diyl)bis(thiophene-2-carboxylic acid) (TIBTCH₂, 5) was synthesized in one step from previously reported 4,6-di(thiophen-2-yl)-1H-thieno[3,4-d]imidazole (DTTI, 4), and their photophysical properties were studied and compared accordingly. Under solvothermal conditions, reacting 5 with Mn(OAc)₂ yielded a new three-dimensional metal-organic framework (MOF, 6) which was structurally defined by single-crystal X-ray diffraction. In 6, all Mn(II) ions octahedrally bind to carboxylate-O atoms to form a linear Mn₃ secondary building unit (SBU) that contains three distinct coordination modes. Importantly, 6 exhibits dual functional properties of ligand-based emission and metal-based magnetic behaviors.     

Insitu growth of IRMOF-3 combined with ionic liquids to prepare solid-phase microextraction fibers

A superior solid-phase microextraction (SPME) fiber-coating material, IRMOF-3@ILs/PDMS, was prepared by the in situ growth of IRMOF-3 onto stainless-steel wires and protection with ionic liquids (ILs) and polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS). The ILs can efficiently prevent the substantial cracking of IRMOF-3 caused by moisture, and a thin PDMS film can protect the IRMOF-3@ILs material to achieve a much better extraction efficiency as well as excellent resistance to high temperature and high humidity. This IRMOF-3@ILs/PDMS coating possessed a porous structure, a rough surface and an increased lifespan (by at least 100 times) compared with that of IRMOF-3. The coating was evaluated by analyzing four polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in water, and good precision (<7.7%), low detection limits (12.0–15.4 ng L⁻¹), and wide linearity (50–20,000 ng L⁻¹) were achieved under the optimized conditions. The fiber was successfully applied to the sensitive analysis of PAHs in rainwater by coupling it with gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC–MS).     

IRMOF-1衍生介孔ZnO微球催化合成低聚聚碳酸酯二醇

IRMOF-1是一种最经典的IRMOF系列材料,通过直接在空气中不同温度下热处理IRMOF-1得到三种ZnO催化剂,并采用XRD、SEM、BET、CO_2-TPD等分析技术对所得样品的晶体结构、表观形貌、孔结构、表面碱性进行了表征。结果显示,ZnO为球状结构,是一种典型的介孔材料,BET比表面积和孔径分别为49.7~62.2 m2/g和2.18~2.92 nm。研究了ZnO微球在碳酸二苯酯(DPC)与新戊二醇(NPG)酯交换合成低聚碳酸酯二醇(PCDL)反应中的催化性能。结果表明,500℃下得到的ZnO微球在DPC与NPG酯交换反应中表现出良好的催化活性。     

二维金属或共价有机骨架材料的制备及其化学与生物传感应用

随着人们对以石墨烯为代表的二维（2D）纳米材料不断深入与扩展研究,近些年来,以2D金属有机骨架（metal-organic frameworks,MOFs）和共价有机骨架（covalent organic frameworks,COFs）为代表的2D骨架材料引起了人们浓厚的研究兴趣和广泛关注.与其它的中孔或微孔的纳米材料相比,这些有机骨架材料提供了均一的纳米尺寸的孔,并且相较于石墨烯,2D有机骨架材料可以预期性地设计和组装功能化的结构单元,如羧基、氨基、羟基等基团可以通过多样的化学反应人为可控地接枝到骨架上,这些优点有望使2D有机骨架材料成为新一代提高传感界面灵敏度和稳定性的功能材料.本篇综述分别对2D MOFs和COFs进行简单的概述,总结目前以“自下而上”和“自上而下”两种制备2D MOFs和COFs纳米材料的方法并对其做出简单的点评,介绍（2D）MOFs和COFs材料在化学传感和生物传感方面的应用,讨论了2D MOFs和COFs在传感应用中的潜质和关键性问题,并对未来2D MOFs和COFs的应用前景做出了展望.