Density Functional Theory Study on Organic Dye Sensitizers Containing Bis-dimethylfluorenyl Amino Benzofuran

运用密度泛函理论和含时密度泛函理论研究了两种含二-二甲基芴氨基苯并呋喃基团的有机染料敏化剂的几何结构、电子结构、极化率和超极化率以及紫外可见谱. 基于理论计算和实验结果的一致性指认了电子吸收谱的特征. 可见区的吸收带都与光诱导电荷转移过程有关,二甲基芴氨基苯并呋喃基团是在光电转换敏化中起主要作用的基团. 通过对两种染料敏化剂的比较,分析了亚乙烯基对几何结构、电子结构和光谱特性影响.     

DFT and TD-DFT study on structure and properties of organic dye sensitizer TA-St-CA

The geometry, electronic structure, polarizability and hyperpolarizability of organic dye sensitizer TA-St-CA, which contains a π-conjugated oligo-phenylenevinylene unit with an electron donor–acceptor moiety, was studied using density functional theory (DFT), and the electronic absorption spectrum was investigated via time-dependent DFT (TD-DFT) with several hybrid functionals. The calculated geometry indicates that the strong conjugated effects are formed in the dye. The TD-DFT results show that the hybrid functional PBE1PBE and MPW1PW91 are more suitable than B3LYP for calculating electronic absorption spectra. The features of electronic absorption spectra were assigned on account of the qualitative agreement between the experiment and the calculations. The absorption bands in visible and near-UV region are related to photoinduced electron transfer processes, and the diphenylaniline group is major chromophore that contributed to the sensitization, and the interfacial electron transfer are electron injection processes from the excited dyes to the semiconductor conduction band. Compared with the similar dye D5, the good performance of TA-St-CA in dye-sensitized solar cells may be resulted from the higher energy level of the lowest unoccupied molecular orbital and the larger oscillator strengths for the most excited states with intramolecular electron transfer character.     

M@C_(20)H_(20)(M=Sc,V,Cr,Mn,Fe,Co,Ni)几何结构和电子性质的理论研究

采用密度泛函理论(DFT)中的广义梯度近似(GGA)方法对M@C_(20)H_(20)(M=Sc,V,Cr,Mn,Fe,Co,Ni)几何结构和电子性质进行了计算研究.几何结构优化发现,过渡金属原子M内掺到C_(20)H_(20)笼时,都稳定于碳笼中心.能隙和内掺能计算发现,M@C_(20)H_(20)的热力学稳定性随着M原子序数的增大而逐渐减弱,内掺M原子使得其动力学稳定性大幅度下降,但是其中Ni@C_(20)H_(20)结构仍然具有良好的热力学和动力学稳定性,其有望在实验中被成功合成出来.电子性质研究发现,随着M原子序数的逐渐增大,M原子对M@C_(20)H_(20)前线轨道的贡献也越来越大,M@C_(20)H_(20)(M=Sc,V,Cr,Mn,Fe,Co)都具有一定的磁矩,而Ni@C_(20)H_(20)为闭壳层结构,磁矩为零.     

锇杂苯的电子结构及芳香性

使用密度泛函理论及片段轨道相互作用分析方法 ,研究了典型的锇杂苯的电子结构和芳香性 .结果表明 ,锇碳六员环具有较好的环平面性及键的离域性 ,占据的锇dxz轨道与碳环的 3π空轨道之间的反馈π键相互作用 ,使得环上离域π电子数满足H櫣ｃｋｅｌ的 4n +2规则 ,计算的环外质子化学位移、同键反应芳香性稳定化能、绝对硬度和磁化率增量数据均表明锇杂苯具有芳香性     

CuSin 与CuSi-n（n=4~10）团簇电子结构和光学性质的理论研究

基于密度泛函的B3LYP/6-311+G (d)方法研究基态结构CuSin(n=4~10)和 CuSin阴离子团簇的电子结构和紫外吸收谱。计算结果表明：(1)中性CuSin 团簇的带隙要比阴离子团簇的带隙要小,说明阴离子团簇比中性的要稳定;(2)阴离子CuSi5团簇要比相邻的其他团簇稳定;(3)紫外吸收谱可看出中性 CuSin团簇属弱吸收而阴离子则表现出很强的吸收。对阴离子来说,随着硅原子的增加有红移现象发生。     

BnTi(n=1-12)团簇的结构, 电子性质和磁性

利用密度泛函理论广义梯度近似方法得到了BnTi(n=1-12)团簇的基态结构, 并讨论了电子性质和磁性质. 结果表明, n≤5 时, BnTi 基态结构呈平面或准平面, n>5 时, Ti 原子倾向于与较多的B 原子成键而呈三维结构. 由二阶能量差分得出B3Ti, B5Ti, B10Ti 为幻数团簇. Mulliken 布居分析显示BnTi 团簇中电荷由Ti 原子向近邻B 原子转移且以共价键与离子键共存; 除BTi 磁矩为5 μB 外, 其余团簇磁矩处于0-2 μB 之间; 团簇总磁矩主要由Ti 原子的3d 轨道和个别B 原子提供. B3Ti和B7Ti 团簇中, B 原子表现为反铁磁性.     

BnTi(n=1-12)团簇的结构, 电子性质和磁性

利用密度泛函理论广义梯度近似方法得到了BnTi(n=1-12)团簇的基态结构, 并讨论了电子性质和磁性质. 结果表明, n≤5 时, BnTi 基态结构呈平面或准平面, n>5 时, Ti 原子倾向于与较多的B 原子成键而呈三维结构. 由二阶能量差分得出B3Ti, B5Ti, B10Ti 为幻数团簇. Mulliken 布居分析显示BnTi 团簇中电荷由Ti 原子向近邻B 原子转移且以共价键与离子键共存; 除BTi 磁矩为5 μB 外, 其余团簇磁矩处于0-2 μB 之间; 团簇总磁矩主要由Ti 原子的3d 轨道和个别B 原子提供. B3Ti和B7Ti 团簇中, B 原子表现为反铁磁性.     

Effects of N adsorption on the structural and electronic properties of SrTiO3(0 0 1) surface

The atomic configurations, bonding characteristics, and electronic structures of the N-adsorbed (directly and substitutionally) SrTiO₃(0 0 1) surface are studied by using first-principles method based on the density functional theory. From the analysis of the energetics and density of states, it is found that the stability of the directly adsorbed N depends on the relative position of N atom to the surface. To better understand the effects of the substitutionally adsorbed N on the surface, as an example, the behavior of Au atoms adsorbed on the N-substituted surface is discussed in detail. There is clearly a synergy effect between the substitution of N for O_s(I) and the adsorption of Au atoms on the SrTiO₃(0 0 1) surface.     

Effect of Pressure on Electronic Structures and Optical Properties of Rocksalt InN

用基于密度泛函理论的第一性原理结合广义梯度近似研究了高压下盐岩相InN的电子结构和光学性质. 计算得到的晶格常数与实验值非常吻合,并发现Γ和X的带隙随压力增加而增大,而带隙在L点却并不明显. 计算出Γ点的带隙的压力系数是44 meV/GPa. 讨论计算得到的InN的光学性质,结合能带结构和电子态密度.     

Ih和D5h对称的三金属氮化物富勒烯Sc3N@C80的几何结构、电子结构和磁学特性

采用密度泛函理论（density functional theory, DFT）方法对具有Ih和D5h对称的三金属氮化物富勒烯Sc3 N＠C80的几何结构、电子结构及其磁学特性进行了计算研究。几何结构优化显示掺杂Sc3 N之后,C80的结构只是发生了细微的变化,仍然保持了Ih 和D5h对称性。能级图和局部态密度图表明Sc原子对能级的变化贡献最大,掺杂之后能隙增加,简并度下降,增强了两种异构体的稳定性。磁学特性分析指出掺杂之后,Sc3 N的磁性完全淬灭,两种异构体均没有磁矩,都不能作为磁性材料。     

Ih和D5h对称的三金属氮化物富勒烯Sc3N@C80的几何结构、电子结构和磁学特性

采用密度泛函理论（density functional theory, DFT）方法对具有Ih和D5h对称的三金属氮化物富勒烯Sc3N@C80的几何结构、电子结构及其磁学特性进行了计算研究.几何结构优化显示掺杂Sc3N之后,C80的结构只是发生了细微的变化,仍然保持了Ih和D5h对称性.能级图和局部态密度图表明Sc原子对能级的变化贡献最大,掺杂之后能隙增加,简并度下降,增强了两种异构体的稳定性.磁学特性分析指出掺杂之后,Sc3N的磁性完全淬灭,两种异构体均没有磁矩,都不能作为磁性材料.     

类石墨烯硼-磷单层材料的电子与光学性能的第一性原理计算研究

基于第一性原理计算,对硼-磷单层材料的电子结构和光学性质进行系统地理论研究. 全局结构搜索和第一性原理分子动力学模拟现实二维硼-磷单层材料能量最低的结构与石墨烯类似,具有很高的稳定性. 类石墨烯二维硼-磷单层是直接带隙半导体,带隙宽度1.37 eV,其带隙宽度随层数增加而减少. 硼-磷单层的带隙宽度受外界应力影响.硼-磷单层的载流子迁移率达到106 cm2/V. MoS2/BP二维异质结可用于光电器件,其理论光电转换效率为17.7%?19.7%. 表明类石墨烯硼-磷二维材料在纳米电子器件与光电子器件的潜在应用价值.     

三方结构MgSiO3 (0001)表面的几何结构，电子结构及表面能

本文基于密度泛函理论（DFT）计算了三角晶系钛铁矿结构MgSiO3（0001）表面的基本性质,包括了不同终止面-Mg,-Mge和-SiO3的几何结构,电子状态和能量。本文描述了模型的晶体结构和表面弛豫等结构特性。不同终止面表面的电子态密度和局部电势阐明了原子之间的化学键。分子的解离量,表面能,巨热力学势展示了不同终止面表面的热力学稳定性。计算的带隙表明,终止面Mge中的额外Mg原子使表面变得金属化,终止面SiO3中空缺的Mg原子使表面表现出P型导电。表面能的结果表明终止面Mg是最稳定的平面。此外,在富含Mg的条件下显示终止面Mge是最低势面。     

Electronic and optical properties of ceramic Sc2O3 and Y2O3: Compton spectroscopy and first principles calculations

We present the first-ever experimental Compton profiles (CPs) of Sc₂O₃ and Y₂O₃ using 740 GBq ¹³⁷Cs Compton spectrometer. The experimental momentum densities have been compared with the theoretical CPs computed using linear combination of atomic orbitals (LCAO) within density functional theory (DFT). Further, the energy bands, density of states (DOS) and Mulliken's population (MP) data have been calculated using LCAO method with different exchange and correlation approximations. In addition, the energy bands, DOS, valence charge density (VCD), dielectric function, absorption coefficient and refractive index have also been computed using full potential linearized augmented plane wave (FP-LAPW) method with revised functional of Perdew–Becke–Ernzerhof for solids (PBEsol) and modified Becke Johnson (mBJ) approximations. Both the ab-initio calculations predict wide band gaps in Sc₂O₃ and Y₂O₃. The band gaps deduced from FP-LAPW (with mBJ) are found to be close to available experimental data. The VCD and MP data show more ionic character of Sc₂O₃ than Y₂O₃. The ceramic properties of both the sesquioxides are explained in terms of their electronic and optical properties.     

Electronic band structure,stability, structural,and elastic properties of IrTi alloys

The structural properties and mechanical stabilities of B2-IrTi have been investigated using first-principle calculations. The elastic constants calculations indicate that the B2-IrTi is unstable to external strain and the softening of C₁₁−C₁₂ triggers the B2-IrTi (cubic) to L1₀-IrTi (tetragonal) phase transformation. Detailed electronic structure analysis revealed a Jahn–Teller-type band split that could be responsible for elastic softening and structure phase transition. The cubic–tetragonal transition is accompanied by a reduction in the density of states (DOS) at the Fermi level and the d-DOS of Ti at Fermi level plays a decisive role in destabilizing the B2-IrTi phase.     

Mon(n=2-13)和MonC(n=1-12)团簇的几何结构和电子结构

结合遗传算法和CALYPSO软件,采用密度泛函理论,对Mo_n(n=2-13)及Mo_nC(n=1-12)团簇基态的几何结构与电子结构展开详细研究.通过计算其基态结构的平均键长、平均结合能、二阶差分能、分裂能和前线轨道能级,对基态结构的稳定性随总原子数变化的关系展开了研究.计算结果表明,Mo_n团簇基态结构的稳定性可通过掺杂单个C原子而提高.综合团簇的二阶差分能、分裂能可知,n=6,9时Mo_n团簇的稳定性较高,n=4,7,10时Mo_nC团簇的稳定性较高.     

Na3B3Hn团簇的结构与电子特性

使用密度泛函理论(DFT)的杂化密度泛函B3LYP方法在6-311+g(d)基组水平上对Na3B3Hn团簇各种可能的构型进行几何优化，预测了各团簇的最稳定结构: 并对最稳定结构的平均结合能(Eb)，二阶能量差分(Δ2E)和能隙(Eg)等进行了理论研究。结果表明: 随着氢原子数的增加, Na3B3Hn团簇的结构由平面转变为复杂的三维立体结构; Na3B3Hn团簇的平均结合能、二阶差分能和能隙等均表现出明显的“奇-偶”振荡和“幻数”效应; Na3B3H8, Na3B3H12, Na3B3H18和Na3B3H20团簇稳定性大于Na3B3Hn中的其他团簇, 为Na3B3Hn团簇中最稳定的几种团簇。     

Studies on the Electronic Absorption Spectrum and Photoacoustic Spectrum of [Cu(L-ArgH)2(Ac)2] 3H2O Crystal.

The crystal of [Cu(L-ArgH)₂(Ac)₂]3H₂O was synthesized and its electronic absorption spectrum and photoacoustic spectrum were recorded under room temperature. The spectrums were compared with each other. A semi-empirical method of coordinate-field-theory PLFT was utilized to calculate the transition energy. With the results, we satisfactorily resolved the spectrums, and the resolution was discussed.     

第一性原理研究Ni、V、Zr、N、P、S单掺杂及其共掺杂锐钛矿物相TiO_2的电子结构和吸收光谱

采用基于密度泛函理论(density functional theory,DFT)的Castep(MS 5.5)软件包进行计算,计算方法为广义梯度近似(generalized gradient approximation,GGA)下的Predew-Burke-Ernzerhof交换关联泛函和投影缀加平面波方法,构建2×2×1锐钛矿相二氧化钛单掺杂Ni、V、Zr、W等金属原子及N、P、S等非金属原子的晶胞模型,对掺杂锐钛矿相二氧化钛的能带结构、态密度和吸收光谱进行了计算.计算结果表明:Ni、V、Zr、W、P、N、S单掺杂二氧化钛的带隙宽度,除了W元素,其它掺杂元素都使带隙变窄,吸收光谱发生一定程度的红移.同时计算结果也表明,在金属和非金属共掺杂的作用下,由于共掺杂元素的引入,均使得带隙降低,其中P-V和S-Ni共掺杂的带隙最小,光学性质显示S-Ni共掺杂吸收边带最宽,对可见光的利用率最高,理论上S-Ni共掺杂锐钛矿二氧化钛具有良好的光致阴极保护效果.