Gd－DTPA氨基酸、短肽衍生物的合成及其磁共振成像造影性能的研究

合成了一系列二乙三胺五乙酸（ＤＴＰＡ）的疏水性氨基酸、短肽衍生物的Ｇｄ（Ⅲ）螯合物，研究了其磁共振成像造影性能。结果表明：螯合物的急性毒性与Ｇｄ－ＤＴＰＡ相当，自旋－晶格弛豫性能Ｒ＿１比Ｇｄ－ＤＴＰＡ略高。Ｇｄ－ＤＴＰＡ，氨基酸，短肽，急性毒性，自旋－晶格弛豫性能     

交联网络和浓溶液中高分子链运动的NMR研究：Ⅲ.质子自旋—晶格 …

用自旋－晶格弛豫研究了溶胀的交联聚丙烯酰胺－丙烯酸网络和线型聚苯乙烯溶液中质子的弛豫行为。交联网络中，随着交联度增大，Ｔ１ＣＨ／Ｔ１、ＣＨ２的值由１．１７逐渐趋于１；，而线型聚苯乙烯溶液中，Ｔ１ＣＨ／Ｔ１ＣＨ２的的值由最稀浓度下的１．７过渡到１。     

Gd—DTPA氨基酸,短肽衍生物的合成及其磁共振成像造影性能…

合成了一系列二乙三胺五乙酸（ＤＴＰＡ）的疏水性氨基酸、短肽衍生物的Ｇｄ（Ⅱ）螯合物，研究了其磁共振成像造影性能。结果表明：螯合物的急性毒性与Ｇｄ－ＤＴＰＡ相当，自旋－晶格弛豫性能Ｒ１比Ｇｄ－ＤＴＰＡ略高。     

2—（5—溴—2—吡啶偶氮）—5—二乙氨基酚树脂相分光光度法测定铁矿中…

本文介绍了２－（５－溴－２－吡啶偶氮）－５－二乙氨基酚（５－Ｂｒ－ＰＡＤＡＰ）与稀土元素在ｐＨ８．０～１１．０时，形成１：４红紫色络合物，加入非离子表面活性剂Ｔｗｅｅｎ－８０＾［１］后，可被７１７型强碱性阴离子树脂定量吸附，其最大吸收位于６２０ｎｍ处；摩尔吸光系数为９．２×１０＾５Ｌ·ｍｏｌ＾－１·ｃｍ＾－１；ＲＥｘＯｙ含量在０～１０μｇ／５０ｍｌ范围内符合比尔定律；回收率达到９９％～１０３％。     

金属键有机化合物的研究—非对称型η^5—取代环戊二烯…

通过η＾５－Ｒ＾１Ｃ５Ｈ４（ＣＯ）３ＭＨａ与η＾５－Ｒ＾２Ｃ５Ｈ４（ＣＯ）２ＭＮａ（Ｍ＝Ｍｏ，Ｗ）以及η＾５－Ｒ＾１Ｃ５Ｈ４（ＣＯ）３ＭｏＮａ与η＾５－Ｒ＾２Ｃ５Ｈ４（ＣＯ）３ＷＮａ在Ｆｅ２（ＳＯ４）３醋酸水溶液作用下的交叉氧化偶联反应，合成了７个新的非对称型金属单键化合物η＾５－Ｒ＾１Ｃ５Ｈ４（ＣＯ）３Ｍｏ－Ｍｏ（ＣＯ）３Ｃ５Ｈ４Ｒ＾２－η＾５（Ｒ＾１，Ｒ＾２：Ｃ（Ｏ）Ｍｅ，ＣＯ２Ｅｔ），η＾５     

镧和钙对人红细胞膜的作用

采用荧光偏振，自旋标记电子顺磁共振波谱和激光拉曼光谱等技术研究了镧和钙对人红细胞膜结构和功能的影响。结果表明，低浓度的Ｌａ＾３＋（０．５ｕｍｏｌ／Ｌ）对（Ｎａ＾＋＋Ｋ＾＋）－ＡＴＰ酶，Ｍｇ＾２＋－ＡＴＰ酶有轻微的激活作用，随着浓度的增大，则明显抑制酶的活性。Ｌａ＾２＋可降低红细胞 的膜脂充动性，使膜蛋白酰胺１’－ａ螺旋振动强度减弱；Ｃａ＾２＋对膜脂流动性和膜蛋白酰胺１’－ａ螺旋的影响比Ｌａ＾３＋小     

交联网络和浓溶液中高分子链运动的NMR研究Ⅲ.质子自旋-晶格弛豫时间与凝胶和浓溶液体系中高分子链段的运动

用自旋－晶格弛豫时间（Ｔ１）研究了溶胀的交联聚丙烯酰胺－丙烯酸网络和线型聚苯乙烯溶液中质子的弛豫行为。交联网络中，随着交联度增大，Ｔ１ＣＨ／Ｔ１ＣＨ２的值由１．１７逐渐趋近于１；而线型聚苯乙烯溶液中，Ｔ１ＣＨ／Ｔ１ＣＨ２的值由最稀浓度下的１．７过渡到１。说明在交联网络中，交联度很低时，链段的运动已经相当受约束；但交联度很大时，充分溶胀的交联网络中链段运动仍有一定自由度。而在线型高分子浓溶液中，链段的运动严重受阻，导致自旋扩散效应非常完全，彻底平均掉了各质子间Ｔ１时间的差异。     

3%NaCl溶液中铜缓蚀剂TTA的光电化学和表面电子能谱研究

本文采用测开路光电压（Ｖｏｐｈ）的方法，检测铜在３％ＮａＣｌ溶液中的腐蚀行为及加入缓蚀剂ＴＴＡ的缓蚀效果的浓度效应，并辅之以表面电子能谱进行研究。结果表明当ＴＴＡ浓度小于１．５×１０＾－５ｗｔ％时，反而加速Ｃｌ＾－侵蚀；当ＴＴＡ浓度大于１．５×１０＾－５ｗｔ％时，ＴＴＡ才起到缓蚀作用。随ＴＴＡ浓度继续增加，ＴＴＡ保护膜变得更致密和更厚；当ＴＴＡ浓度大于５×１０＾－５ｗｔ％时，膜厚不再增加。     

钪、钇的电子结构和物理性质

依据金属单原子理论确定了密排六方结构α－Ｓｃ和α－Ｙ的电子结构分别为「Ａｒ」（３ｄｃ）＾１．３３１５（４ｓｃ）＾０．９０５０（４ｓｆ）＾０．７６３５和「Ｋｒ」（４ｄｃ）＾１．２９３０（５ｓｃ）＾０．９４７０（５ｓｆ）＾０．７６００,并计算了它们的势能曲线、晶格常数、结合能、弹性和热膨胀系数随温度的变化。对其体立方结构初态特征晶体和实态液体的电子结构进行了。提出了不同晶体结构Ｓｃ和Ｙ的结构构参数和性     

1—（5—溴—2—吡啶偶氮）—2—萘酚—6—磺酸与铁（Ⅱ）显色反应的研究及其应用

本研究了１－（５－溴－２－吡啶偶氮）－２－萘酚－６－磺酸（５－Ｂｒ－ＰＡＮ－Ｓ）与铁（Ⅱ）的显色反应，试验表明，在ｐＨ３－１０范围内铁（Ⅱ）与５－Ｂｒ－ＰＡＮ－Ｓ型成稳定的络合物，络合物在５５０ｎｍ和７５０ｎｍ有二个吸收峰，其表现摩尔吸光系数分别为２．３１×１０＾４和１．７７×１０＾４Ｌ．ｍｏｌ＾－＾１．ｃｍ＾－＾１。络合物组成比为铁（Ⅱ）：５－Ｂｒ－ＰＡＮ－Ｓ＝１：２，络合物稳定常数为１．８２     

Quantification of cross polarization with relaxation compensated reciprocity relation in NMR

The reciprocity relation in solid state NMR has been extended to include the effects of spin-lattice relaxation in the rotating frame. This method was successfully applied to the experiments of Hartmann–Hahn cross polarization, making the originally non-quantified NMR spectra quantitative. In addition, it provides detailed dynamics of cross polarization that is often obscured by spin-lattice relaxation in the rotating frame and by some other effects.     

CP/MAS Carbon-13 NMR Study of Spin Relaxation Phenomena of Cellulose Containing Crystalline and Noncrystalline Components

Abstract

Cross-polarization, ¹³C rotating frame spin-lattice relaxation and C laboratory frame spin-lattice relaxation processes have been studied for different cellulose samples by CP/MAS ¹³C NMR spectroscopy. It was found that the CP process can be described by a simple thermodynamic model and relative intensities of the respective resonance lines are consistent with the atomic ratios for the spectra obtained at a contact time of about 1 ms. The observed rotating frame spin-lattice relaxation times T^C ₁₀ were dominantly dependent on the time constant T^D _CH by which ¹³C nuclei were coupled to the ¹H dipolar spin system. It was, therefore, impossible to obtain information about molecular     

NMR molecular dynamic study of high crystalline polymers

Analysis of the dynamic behaviour of two highly crystalline polymers, polyethylene (HDPE) and polypropylene (iPP) was carried out by solution and solid state nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) to obtain the response of the behaviour of both polymers with respect to the molecular chain dynamics, the chain ordination and the molecular packing. The proton spin-lattice relaxation time in the rotating frame (T₁^Hρ) showed that HDPE is more rigid than iPP, because the chain orientation and the molecular packing are different. T₁^Hρ parameter also depends on the molecular chain dynamics, as a result of the different sequence distribution in the domains     

Temperature dependence of the proton exchange time in pure water by NMR

The temperature dependence of the proton spin-spin relaxation rate 1/T₃ on 180° pulse spacing (Meiboom dispersion) was measured for pure water enriched at 4% ¹⁷O to obtain the proton exchange time. At 58°C, the dispersion of the proton spin-lattice relaxation in the rotating frame (T_1ρ) was shown to be explained by a comparable proton exchange time.     

Rotating frame spin-lattice relaxation through anisotropic chemical shift in polycrystalline UF6

A minimum in the temperature dependence of the ¹⁹F rotating frame spin-lattice relaxation time T_1? in polycrystalline UF₆ has been observed which enables one to determine the correlation time for slow reorientations of the UF₆ octahedra directly. The dependence of the depth of the T_1? versus temperature minimum on the external magnetic field H₀ at a fixed value of the rotating field H₁ provides an independent proof that fluctuations of the ¹⁹F screening constant tensor significantly contribute to the fluorine spin-lattice relaxation rate in this system.     

NMR study of styrene-butadiene rubber (SBR) and TiO2 nanocomposites

The chemical behavior of styrene-butadiene rubber (SBR) and of the SBR/TiO₂ and photodegraded SBR/TiO₂ nanocomposites was investigated through nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (NMR) in the solid state with magic angle spinning (MAS). The ¹³C cross polarization/magic angle spinning (CP/MAS) routine spectrum allowed us to obtain information on the polymer microstructure and also to evaluate the domain mobilities. The variation contact time and the proton spin-lattice relaxation time in the rotating frame (T₁ρH) were determinant factors to evaluate the dynamic molecular motion. The NMR spectrum of the nanocomposites was dislocated 5 ppm to higher chemical shift, indicating the presence of a strong interaction between the polymer chains and the TiO₂ nanoparticles. The VTC experiment showed a rigid domain in the SBR/TiO₂ photodegraded nanocomposite due to cross-linking reactions.     

Miscibility of nifedipine and hydrophilic polymers as measured by (1)H-NMR spin-lattice relaxation

The miscibility of a drug with excipients in solid dispersions is considered to be one of the most important factors for preparation of stable amorphous solid dispersions. The purpose of the present study was to elucidate the feasibility of (1)H-NMR spin-lattice relaxation measurements to assess the miscibility of a drug with excipients. Solid dispersions of nifedipine with the hydrophilic polymers poly(vinylpyrrolidone) (PVP), hydroxypropylmethylcellulose (HPMC) and alpha,beta-poly(N-5-hydroxypentyl)-L-aspartamide (PHPA) with various weight ratios were prepared by spray drying, and the spin-lattice relaxation decay of the solid dispersions in a laboratory frame (T(1) decay) and in a rotating frame (T(1rho) decay) were measured. T(1rho) decay of nifedipine-PVP solid dispersions (3 : 7, 5 : 5 and 7 : 3) was describable with a mono-exponential equation, whereas T(1rho) decay of nifedipine-PHPA solid dispersions (3 : 7, 4 : 6 and 5 : 5) was describable with a bi-exponential equation. Because a mono-exponential T(1rho) decay indicates that the domain sizes of nifedipine and polymer in solid dispersion are less than several nm, it is speculated that nifedipine is miscible with PVP but not miscible with PHPA. All the nifedipine-PVP solid dispersions studied showed a single glass transition temperature (T(g)), whereas two glass transitions were observed for the nifedipine-PHPA solid dispersion (3 : 7), thus supporting the above speculation. For nifedipine-HPMC solid dispersions (3 : 7 and 5 : 5), the miscibility of nifedipine and HPMC could not be determined by DSC measurements due to the lack of obviously evident T(g). In contrast, (1)H-NMR spin-lattice relaxation measurements showed that nifedipine and HPMC are miscible, since T(1rho) decay of the solid dispersions (3 : 7, 5 : 5 and 7 : 3) was describable with a mono-exponential equation. These results indicate that (1)H-NMR spin-lattice relaxation measurements are useful for assessing the miscibility of a drug and an excipient in solid dispersions.     

Entanglements and elasticity in polybutadiene networks

Polybutadiene networks were prepared by peroxide crosslinking of monodisperse 1,4-polybutadienes both in solution and in bulk. The effect of the entangled sol fraction on the elastic modulus of high-molecular-weight polybutadiene was observed in stress relaxation measurements. Sol fraction was shown to make a large contribution to the Mooney–Rivlin 2C₂ term. This effect was also observed on the molecular level in NMR spin-spin relaxation measurements. For networks crosslinked in bulk the stress relaxation measurements suggest the presence of trapped entanglements. The 2C₂ term is insensitive to sol extraction in these networks. NMR spin-lattice relaxation measurements in the rotating frame at 4.68 kHz verify the presence of additional effective crosslinks in these networks.     

1H NMR relaxation in glycerol solutions of nitroxide radicals: effects of translational and rotational dynamics

(1)H spin-lattice relaxation rates in glycerol solutions of selected nitroxide radicals at temperatures between 200 K and 400 K were measured at 15 MHz and 25 MHz. The frequency and temperature conditions were chosen in such a way that the relaxation rates go through their maximum values and are affected by neither the electron spin relaxation nor the electron-nitrogen nucleus hyperfine coupling, so that the focus could be put on the mechanisms of motion. By comparison with (1)H spin-lattice relaxation results for pure glycerol, it has been demonstrated that the inter-molecular electron spin-proton spin dipole-dipole interactions are affected not only by relative translational motion of the solvent and solute molecules, but also by their rotational dynamics as the interacting spins are displaced from the molecular centers; the eccentricity effects are usually not taken into account. The (1)H relaxation data have been decomposed into translational and rotational contributions and their relative importance as a function of frequency and temperature discussed in detail. It has been demonstrated that neglecting the rotational effects on the inter-molecular interactions leads to non-realistic conclusions regarding the translational dynamics of the paramagnetic molecules.     

Effect of water on the molecular mobility of sucrose and poly(vinylpyrrolidone) in a colyophilized formulation as measured by (13)C-NMR relaxation time

Individual molecular mobility of sucrose and poly(vinylpyrrolidone) (PVP) in a colyophilized mixture of 1 : 1 by weight has been determined by (13)C spin-lattice relaxation times in the laboratory frame (T(1)) and in the rotating frame (T(1 rho)) for systems containing absorbed water at various levels. The T(1) of the PVP pyrrolidone ring carbon increased with storage relative humidity (RH) in lyophilized PVP alone, indicating that the MHz-order motions of PVP side chain increased with storage RH. However, in the colyophilized mixture, the side chain motions of PVP did not change with storage RH, and showed similar mobility to sucrose. This may be caused by hydrogen bonding between the PVP ring carbonyl group and hydroxyl group of sucrose, as suggested by a previous FT-Raman study. The mid-kHz-order motions of sucrose in the sucrose-PVP mixture as determined by T(1 rho) did not increase with storage RH as much as in lyophilized sucrose alone. This suggests that the molecular mobility of sucrose decreases in the presence of PVP due to hydrogen bonding between the hydroxyl group of sucrose and the carbonyl group of PVP. Inhibition of sucrose crystallization by PVP in the presence of water appears to be linked to the effect of PVP on the molecular mobility of sucrose.