New Approach for Normalizing Photon-Added and Photon-Subtracted Squeezed States

We present a new concise approach for normalizing m-photon-added squeezed state a^tmS（s）｜0〉≡｜r〉m and mphoton-subtracted squeezed state a^m S （ r ） ｜0〉） ≡ ｜r〉m, i.e., we construct the generating function ∑m=0^∞ t^m/m!m〈r｜r〉m and ∑m=0^∞ t^m/m!_m〈r｜r〉_m respectively, after calculating them and comparing the result with the standard form of generating function of Legendre polynomials Pm, we find m〈r｜r〉m=m!cosh^m rPm（cosh r）,amd _m〈r｜r〉_m=m! （-i sinh r）^ m pm （ i sinh r）, where r is the squeezing parameter.     

Experimental Prospects of the B_c Studies of the LHCb Experiment

The experimental prospects of the Bc studies of the LHCb experiment are discussed. Production rates of Bc mesons at different center-of-mass energies are estimated with the dedicated generator BCVEGPY. Theoretical estimates and experimental measurements of the Bc± inclusive production cross section at /s =1.96 TeV are compared. The possibilities of studying Bc production, Bc spectroscopy, Bc decays and CP violation in Bc decays in the LHCb experiment are evaluated.     

Approximate Solutions of the Schrödinger Equation for the Eckart Potential and Its Parity-Time-Symmetric Version Including Centrifugal Term

The energy eigenvalues and eigenfunctions of the Schrödinger equation for Eckart potential as well as the parity-time-symmetric version of the potential in three dimensions with the centrifugal term are investigated approximately by using the Nikiforov-Uvarov method. To show the accuracy of our results, we calculate the energy eigenvalues for various values of n and l. It is found that the results are in good agreement with the numerical solutions for short-range potential (large a). For the case of 1/a i/a, the potential is also studied briefly.     

Gauss-Bonnet and Lovelock Gravities and the Generalized Second Law of Thermodynamics

It has been shown [Chin. Phys. Lett.25 （2008） 4199] that the generalized second law of thermodynamics holds in Einstein gravity. Here we extend this procedure for Gauss-Bonnet and Lovelock gravities. It is shown that by employing the general expression for temperature Th =｜κ｜/2π= 1/2πτA （1-τA/2HτA） associated with the apparent horizon of a Friedman Robertson-Walker （FRW） universe and assuming Tm = bTh, we are able to construct conditions for which the generalized second law holds in Gauss Bonnet and Lovelock gravities, where Tm and Th are the temperatures of the source and the horizon respectively.     

THE CLASSIFICATION OF THE WAVE FUNCTIONS OF BOSONS AND FERMIONS

In this paper we have proved that the wave functions for bosons and fermionscan be classified by either of the following two Lie superalgebra chains U(2l+1/2j+1) SU(2l+1/2j+1) SU(2l+1)SU(2j+1) SO(2l+1)Sp(2j+1) SO(3)SO(3), U(2l+1/2j+1) SU(2l+1/2j+1) OSp(2l+1/2j+1) SO(2l+1)Sp(2j+1) SO(3)SO(3) The wave functions for bosons and fermions classified by the Lie superalgebra chain U(2l+1/2j+1) SU(2l+1/2j+1) SU(2l+1)SU(2j+1) SO(2l+1)Sp(2j+1) SO(3)SO(3), are calculated also.     

THREE LIMITS IN THE INTERACTIONS OF THE s,d, g,BOSONS

In the I. B. M., when s, d, g bosons are presented, the boson Hamiltonian has thestructure of group U(15). This paper deals with the various chains of subgroups ofgroap U(15). Especially, the following chains:SU(15)SU(3)SO(3), SU(15)SU(5)SO(5)SO(3), U(15)U(14)SO(5)SO(3).are studied in detail, The formulae of the energy spectra are also given.     

SYMMETRY OF THE ROTATION+VIBRATION SPECTRA FOR NUCLEAR MOLECULE 12C+12C

The rotation-vibration spectra of nuclear molecule ¹²C+¹²C is chassified by the irreducible representations of group U(5). It is shown that the symmetry of rotation-vibration levels of nuclear molecule ¹²C+¹²C are discribed by means of dynamical symmetry U(5)U(4)O(4)O(3).     

TRACELESS OPERATORS AND SO6 WAVE FUNCTIONS OF sd BOSONS

Traceless operators of sd bosons are introduced and used to construct the SU₆SO₆SO₅SO₃ wave functions of sd bosons according to the method of T.S.Yang     

BRANCHING FORMULAS FOR SO(n) SO(n－1) TENSOR AND SPINOR REPRESENTATIONS

Branching formulas for SO(n) SO(n－1) tensor representations are given from the branching rules for SO(n) SO(n－1) which described in F.D.Murnaghan's. Furthermore, these formulas are extended to the spinor representations by using the method of kronecker products. In this way a pair of complete branching formulas for SO(n) SO(n－1) is give in this paper.     

Searches for the technicolor signatures via gg → W±πt± at the Large Hadron Collider

In this paper, we calculate the production of a charged top pion in association with a W boson via gg fusion at CERN's Large Hadron Collider in the context of the topcolor assisted technicolor model. We find that the total cross section of pp → gg → W^±π_t is several dozen femtobarns with reasonable values of the parameters, and the total cross section of pp → W^±π_t can reach a few hundred femtobarns when we consider the sum of the contributions of these two parton subprocesses, gg → W^±π_t and bb → W^±π_t.     

Effects of Annealing Temperature on Structural and Optical Properties of ZnO Thin Films

The effects of annealing temperature on the structural and optical properties of ZnO films grown on Si （100） substrates by sol-gel spin-coating are investigated. The structural and optical properties are characterized by x-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy and photoluminescence spectra. X-ray diffraction analysis shows the crystal quality of ZnO films becomes better after annealing at high temperature. The grain size increases with the temperature increasing. It is found that the tensile stress in the plane of ZnO films first increases and then decreases with the annealing temperature increasing, reaching the maximum value of 1.8 GPa at 700℃. PL spectra of ZnO films annealed at various temperatures consists of a near band edge emission around 380 nm and visible emissions due to the electronic defects, which are related to deep level emissions, such as oxide antisite （OZn）, interstitial oxygen （Oi）, interstitial zinc （Zni） and zinc vacancy （VZn^-）, which are generated during annealing process. The evolution of defects is analyzed by PL spectra based on the energy of the electronic transitions.     

LEVINSON'S THEOREM FOR KLEIN-GORDON EQUATIONS WITH POTENTIAL TAILS

In terms of the modified Sturm-Liouville theorem, the properties of the solutions to the Klein-Gordon equations with the potential tails is discussed and the corresponding Levinson's theorem is proved in this paper.     

SOME ISOSCALAR FACTORS FOR THE GROUP CHAIN SO(6) SO(5)

Some isoscalar factors for the group chain SO(6) SO(5) are calculated by using the method of reduced matrix elements and the building-up principle.     

AN EVENT WITH TWO NON-SYMMETRICAL CORES

A double core event with ΣE_γ1000TeV observed in MEC is reported. The distributions of particles in the two cores are quite dissimilar from each other The possible existence of two different types of clusters is discussed.     

FINE STRUCTURES OF INCLUSIVE SPECTRA(Ⅰ)——SUM RULES AND THE GENERALIZATION OF FEYNMAN-YANG SCALING

Important implications of the fine structure of inclusive spectra(to be calledinclusive and semi-inclusive spectra of nearby particles,which represent the local dis-tributions of nearby particles in three-dimensional phase space with rapidity y and transverse momenta P_⊥x, P_⊥z as independent coordinates are explained,and some basicfeatures of the fine stucture are found,namely,sum rules and the generalized formof the Feynman-Yang scaling.One of the sum rules,for example,is:where f_(1;k) denotes the normalized invariant inclusive cross section of k closely neigh-boring particles.It follows that the inclusive the spectra of nearby particles arequalitatively different from the usual ones.The generalized form of the Feynman-Yang scaling for the case of k closelyneighboring particles,for example,is:f_(1;k)(s,x₁,P_⊥1,…x_k,P_⊥k⁾∞,（s→∞,x₁≤x₂≤…≤x_k）.where‘∞’denotes‘approaches a definite limit’.For k=2,the existing experimentaldata for the rapidity gap-length distributions show that for FNAL energies,f_(1,k） isalready close to its limiting form.The inclusive（semi-inclusive）spectra of nearbyparticles way be able to reflect effectively short-range correlation effects.     

NUCLEAR PAIRING PHASE TRANSITION

The intrinsic structure of the eigenfunctions of Cranking Shell Model hamiltonian and the pairing phase transition at high rotational frequency are investigated with the particle-number-conserving approach.Pair-transfer matrix elements and the K-structure of the wave functions display similar behaviour under the Coriolis interaction and hence both of them may be used to indicate the pairing phase transition.The blocking effects on pairing parameter,,are much more important than the Coriolis anti-pairing effects.     

INTRODUCTION OF THE CONCEPT OF THE DEPAIRING PROBABILITY TO EXPLORE NUCLEAR HIGH SPIN STATES

In order to explore nuclear high spin states,a physical concept of depairingprobability has been suggested,which is based on the CAP and the RAL effects inthe nuclear rotating system.We think that the depairing process,might be gradualat begin—then dramatic and finally gradual again.According to the concept ofthe depairing probability and the particle-rotor model,a formula for the spectrum ofrotational energy has been obtained,and the spectra for more than fifty nuclei have been calculated by using this for-mula.The calculated results are found to be in reasonable agreement with experi-mental data,and are able to reproduce the experimentally observed various backbending phenomena on the plots of g_eff—ω_eff².     

INCREASE OF BEAM PROJECTIVE EMITTANCE IN SYSTEM WITH DISPERSION

In this paper, the increase of beam projective emittance caused by the momentum dispersion in the transport systems is discussed, and the incrementary ratio is derived. If the bending plane is (XOZ), the incrementary ratio of the transversal emittance is

and the longitudinal one is

Here ε_x0 and ε_z0 are original emittances in the x-direction and z-direction respectively, (Δp/p)_maxis beam momentum spread β_xf, α_xf, γ_xf being acceptance parameters of the system in x-direction for betatron oscillations, η and η' are dispersion function and its derivative.     

New band structures in 107Ag

High spin states in ¹⁰⁷Ag are studied via the ¹⁰⁰Mo(¹¹B, 4n)¹⁰⁷Ag reaction at an incident beam energy of 60 MeV. Prompt γ-γ coincidence and DCO ratios are measured by the detector arrays in CIAE. The level scheme has been updated and a new negative band belonging to ¹⁰⁷Ag is identified. The new negative side band has been constructed and its configuration is tentatively assigned to πg_9/2 νh_11/2(g_7/2/d_5/2).     

THE BEHAVIOR OF THE PHASE-SHIFT IN THE BAKAMJIAN-THOMAS THEORY

The behavior of the phase-shift of the Bakamjian-Thomas theory and its relationwith the phenomenological nuclear force V=V_RiV_I at high energy are explored.Two limits are obtained:It is found that the repulsive core with a sharp outer edge may induce a characteris-tic oscillation of Re δ₁,and Im δ₁ is sensitive to V₁.The conclusion is that the analy-sis of the phase-shift extending to higher energy is relevant in determining therepulsive core and the imaginary part of the nuclear force.