Nafion/Au溶胶自组装微铂传感器的研究及其在心肌细胞中NO水平测定中的应用

制备了一种新型的Nafion/Au溶胶修饰微铂传感器(Au溶胶颗粒的直径为7～14nm),并将该传感器应用于心肌细胞中NO水平的研究.实验结果表明,自组装制备的Nafion/Au溶胶修饰微传感器对NO有较高的灵敏度和良好的选择性,在1.0×10^-7～4.0×10^-5mol/L浓度范围内,NO的催化氧化电流与其浓度呈良好线性关系,检测限为5.0×10^-8mol/L.探讨了该修饰微传感器对NO的催化机理,研究了在L-精氨酸和乙酰胆碱刺激下心肌细胞内的NO释放.     

自组装膜上细胞色素c的电化学石英晶体微天平实时表征和定量检测

采用电化学石英晶体微天平(EQCM)实时表征和定量检测细胞色素c(Cytc).在压电石英晶振表面上自组装巯基十一酸(MUA)单层膜,以盐酸1-乙基-3-(3-二甲基氨基丙基)碳二亚胺(EDC)和N-羟基琥珀酰亚胺(NHS)活化羧基,将Cytc共价固化到电极表面.EQCM实时监测了MUA的自组装和Cytc的固化过程,测定了二者在电极表面的覆盖度和Cytc的固化量.结果表明,Cytc在0.03～3.00μmol/L浓度范围内呈线性变化,检测限可达到1.19×10^-9mol/L.     

基于拮抗作用检测除草剂的类囊体膜生物传感器研究

利用除草剂对植物类囊体束缚酶分解过氧化氢的拮抗作用,研制了一种快速检测痕量除草剂的电化学生物传感器.将植物类囊体用聚乙烯醇-苯乙烯吡啶(PVA-SbQ)光敏聚合剂在紫外光诱导下产生大分子网状结构进行包埋,制成生物敏感膜,并固定在铂电极表面.根据加入除草剂时类囊体膜束缚酶分解过氧化氢活性的变化,对除草剂进行测定.在含有1×10^-3mol/LNaCl,5×10^-3mol/LMgCl₂和0.01mol/LH₂O₂的Tris-HCl缓冲溶液(pH=7.4)中,基于测量0.65V处H₂O₂氧化电流的变化,可以对下列浓度的除草剂进行定量检测:百草枯3×10^-9～1.5×10^-7mol/L,敌草龙1×10^-8～3×10^-7mol/L,扑草净4×10^-8～3×10^-6mol/L,阿特拉津1×10^-7～5×10^-6mol/L,莠灭净1×10^-7～5×10^-6mol/L.利用PVA-SbQ光聚合膜固定类囊体,能够使酶的活性在低温下保持数月.     

重力驱动多相层流分离离子选择性电极检测集成化微流控芯片系统

将微流控芯片多相层流分离技术与离子选择性电极检测技术联用,利用重力驱动的芯片多相层流分离系统,在线净化生物(血液)试样.同时,在芯片上加工微离子选择性电极进行待测物的在线检测,实现整体分析系统的芯片集成化,并将其用于血样中K⁺的测定.对5.5×10^-3mol/L钾溶液5次平行测定的相对标准偏差(RSD)为5.6%,检出限为6.8×10^-5mol/L,线性范围10^-4～10^-1mol/L.     

功能化纳米金放大的DNA电化学传感器研究

研究了DNA夹心杂交和直接杂交体系,将功能化纳米金引入到标记有生物素的杂交双链上,制成具有电化学活性和纳米金放大作用的DNA电化学传感器,采用循环伏安法测试.在夹心杂交体系中,靶点DNA浓度与阳极峰电流关系曲线的相对标准偏差为3.0%～13.0%,在浓度为6.9×10^-3～0.14nmol/L范围内得到良好的线性关系,检测限达到2.0×10^-3nmol/L,实现了对单碱基突变的高灵敏检测和序列识别.直接杂交检测限为2.5×10^-4mol/L,分别在2.5×10^-4～5.0×10^-3nmol/L和5.0×10^-3～10nmol/L范围内得到峰电量与浓度的良好线性关系.并比较这两种体系.     

聚茜素红膜修饰电极控制电位扫描法分别测定多巴胺和抗坏血酸

研究了聚茜素红膜修饰电极(PARE)的制备及其对多巴胺(DA)和抗坏血酸(AA)的电催化性能,结果表明,在PARE上DA和AA具有不同的循环伏安行为,前者表现为一个准可逆过程,后者则为不可逆过程,并且二者的氧化峰电位分开近200mV.因此可通过控制不同的电位范围进行分步扫描,实现了对同一体系中DA和AA的分别测定,DA的还原峰电流和AA的氧化峰电流分别在8.0×10^-6～4.0×10^-3mol/L和4.0×10^-5～2.0×10^-2mol/L范围内与各自的浓度呈线性关系;检测限分别为8.0×10^-7mol/L和1.0×10^-5mol/L.同时与导数伏安法一步测定进行比较,结果令人满意.     

毛细管区带电泳电化学检测法测定药物及果汁中芦丁和L-抗坏血酸

用毛细管区带电泳-电化学检测法同时测定复方芦丁片及果汁中芦丁和L-抗坏血酸的含量.研究了电极电位、电解液浓度和酸度、电泳电压及进样时间等对电泳的影响,得到了较为优化的测定条件.以直径为300μm的碳圆盘电极为检测电极,电极电位为1.0V(vs.SCE),在25mmol/L硼砂-50mmol/LNaH₂PO₄(pH8.0)运行缓冲液中,上述两组分在12min内完全分离.芦丁和L-抗坏血酸浓度分别在1.0×10^-6～2.5×10^-4和5.0×10^-6～2.5×10^-3mol/L范围内与电泳峰电流呈现良好线性关系,检测下限分别为8.0×10^-7和3.3×10^-6mol/L.9次测定含5.0×10^-5mol/L芦丁和2.5×10^-4mol/LL-抗坏血酸的试样溶液,峰高的相对标准偏差分别为2.85%和1.65%,5次测得的平均回收率分别为97.73%和99.68%.     

Ni2+-胆红素和Ni2+-2,2'联吡啶-胆红素的单扫描极谱研究

本文研究了Ni²⁺-胆红素和Ni²⁺-2,2'联吡啶-胆红素在微碱性介质中的单扫描极谱行为和电极反应机理.在Ni²⁺-胆红素体系中.于-1.0V处产生络合物的催化前波;而在Ni²⁺-2,2'联吡啶-胆红素体系中,则于-1.5V处产生催化氢波.这2个体系的线性范围分别为1×10^-6～5×10^-6mol/L和2×10^-7～8×10^-6mol/L.     

双柱碳纤维微电极的研究及其在测定多巴胺中的应用

报道了双柱微电极的制作方法,提出了用双柱碳纤维微电极在抗坏血酸存在下选择性地测定多巴胺.探讨了电极反应机理.多巴胺的浓度在5.0×10^-4～5.0×10^-6mol/L范围内与收集电流成正比.抗坏血酸浓度<5.0×10^-4mol/L时对测定结果无影响.     

柱前衍生非水毛细管电泳分离钴、镍和铜

提出柱前衍生非水毛细管电泳分离金属离子的方法.应用新合成的2-(6-甲基-2-苯并噻唑偶氮)-5-二乙胺基酚作为柱前衍生试剂,乙醇和N,N-二甲基甲酰胺为非水溶剂,在6min内实现了钴、镍和铜的分离,灵敏度高,检测限分别为9.18×10^-8mol/L、2.79×10^-7mol/L和4.47×10^-7mol/L.考察了柱前衍生条件、非水溶剂配比以及分离参数对分离的影响.     

化学发光新体系NaIO4-H2O2-痕量环己烷-多羟基酚的研究及其应用

近年来,一些无机氧化剂在氧化有机物时伴随的化学发光现象引起了分析工作者的广泛兴趣[1,2].NaIO4氧化H2O2会产生弱化学发光,不同的多羟基酚类物质能不同程度地增强这一化学发光行为,据此建立了测定多羟基酚的化学发光法.目前,利用该法测定的酚主要有苯酚[3]、酚的衍生物[4]和连苯三酚[5,6].本文建立的测定连苯三酚的方法检测限较王伦等[3]的利用苯酚对Luminol-H2O2发光体系猝灭作用测定工业废水及Ermiridis[5]以IO4-在碱性介质中直接氧化连苯三酚的检测限低两个数量级,且扩大了测定酚的种类.研究发现,一些非极性有机溶剂对这一化学发光亦有增强和增稳作用,而痕量非极性溶剂由于在水中的溶解性较差,对化学发光的作用尚未受到注意.     

同步-导数-化学除氧微乳状液增稳室温磷光法测定痕量荧蒽与屈的研究

同步－导数－化学除氧微乳状液增稳室温磷光法测定痕量荧蒽与屈的研究杨欣,董川,晋卫军,魏雁声,刘长松（山西大学化学系,大原,０３０００６）关键词同步－导致－化学除氧微乳液增稳室温磷光法,荧蒽,屈Ｒａｍｏｓ等［１］于１９８８年提出了微乳状液增稳室温磷光法...     

Application of 2,2'-dithiobis(4-methylthiazole) as sensing material for construction of Lu~(3+) PVC-membrane sensor

In this work a new Lu³⁺ PVC-membrane sensor based on 2,2’-dithiobis（4-methylthiazole）（TMT） has been fabricated.The sensor exhibits a Nernstian slope of 19.6±0.4 mV decade（?） in the concentration range of 1.0×10⁶-1.0×10² mol L¹ and a detection limit of 6.8×10⁷ mol L¹.It could work well in the pH range of 2.7-9.6.The selectivity of the sensor against a lot of common alkaline,alkaline earth,transition,heavy metals and specially lanthanide ions was very good.     

铕-四环素-TOPO-十二烷基磺酸钠荧光体系及四环素测定的研究

广谱抗菌素四环素是一种亲癌化合物,近年来已成为诊断、治疗肿瘤的一种重要的荧光探针,并用于临床检查和治疗中。已报道的检测四环素的极谱、比色、色谱、紫外分光光度、荧光和微生物等法大多复杂且费时。而四环素能与Eu~(3+)形成稳定螯合物,且四环素-Eu~(3+)-TOPO-十二烷基磺酸钠多元络合物体系能发射很强的Eu~(3+)的特征荧光,所以我们提出了用上述多元络合物荧光体系来检测四环素的新的荧光方法,并将该法用于人体血清和尿中四环素的测定。结果表明,该法的检出限为1.2×10~(-8)mol/L,比Eu~(3+)-四环素二元荧光体系的灵敏度约提高两个数量级,且具有简便、快速等特点。     

Electroanalysis and simultaneous determination of dopamine and epinephrine at poly(isonicotinic acid)-modified carbon paste electrode in the presence of ascorbic acid

A carbon paste electrode modified with electropolymerized fills of isonicotinic acid was developed.The modified electrode shows excellent electrocatalytic activity toward the oxidation of both dopamine(DA)and epinephrine(EP).Separation of the reduction peak potentials for dopamine and epinephrine was about 357 mV in pH 5.3 phosphate buffer solution(PBS)and the character was used for the detection DA and EP simultaneously.The peak currents increase linearly with DA and EP concentration over the range of 8.0×10-5 to 7.0×10-4 mol/L and 5.0×10-6 to 1.0×10-4 mol/L with detection limits of 2 × 10-5 and 1×10-6 mol/L,respectively.The interference studies showed that the modified electrode exhibits excellent selectivity in the presence of large excess of ascorbic acid(AA).     

多环芳烃芴、苊的无保护流体室温磷光性质研究

我们[1,2 ]曾报道丹磺酰氯及其衍生物在无保护性介质亦无有机溶剂存在的水溶液中能诱导出强而稳定的室温磷光 (ＲＴＰ) ,并命名为ＮＰ ＲＴＰ[37].此后 ,Ｃａｒｒｅｔｅｒｏ等[810 ]亦发现了萘唑啉、萘氧乙酸和苊溶液在无任何有序介质时的ＲＴＰ发射现象 .在已有的研究中至少有两个问题需进一步探索 :其一 ,除苊外 ,已实现ＮＰ ＲＴＰ发射的化合物都仅具双环结构 ,即萘系化合物 ,对于多环化合物是否有类似的发射特性和随环的增多是否会出现新的特性 ;其二 ,对于无水溶性取代基的多环芳烃 ,因其在水中的溶解度很小 ,所引入的有机溶剂的种类和…     

Electrochemical Behavior of Mitoxantrone and Its Determination at a Pt／C Implanted Modified Microelectrode

In a 0.02 mol/L Na2HPO4-KH2PO4(PBS) buffer solution(pH=6.82), the electrochemical behavior of mitoxantrone was studied by linear-sweep voltammetry and cyclic voltammetry at a Pt/C ion implantation modified microelectrode. A sensitive reduction peak was observed. The peak potential was -0.72 V(vs.SCE), the peak current was proportional to the concentration of mitoxantrone within the ranges of 7.0×10-8-9.0×10-7 mol/L and 1.0×10-6-2.4×10-5 mol/L, with a detection limit of 4.0×10-8 mol/L. The linear correlation coefficients were 0.9994 and 0.9992, respectively. This method has been applied to the direct determination of mitoxantrone in simulated urine. The recoveries were in the range from 96.2% to 105.9%. The reduction process was a quasi-reversible one with adsorptive characteristics at the Pt/C microelectrode. The electrode reaction rate constant ks and the electron transfer coefficient α of the system were determined to be 4.5 and 0.65 s-1, respectively. The experiments showed that Pt element had surely been implanted into the surface of the carbon fiber, and the atomic Pt improved the electrocatalytic activity. The Pt/C microelectrode had a good stability and reproducibility.     

微分脉冲阳极溶出伏安法测定碘离子

基于I-能被氧化生成IO₃^-的特性,以铂球电极为工作电极,研究了微分脉冲阳极溶出伏安法(DPAS)测定碘离子.由于产物IO₃^-在电极上有吸附,因而在+1.3V电清洗120s.在pH=4的0.1mol/LKH₂PO₄-K₂HPO₄缓冲溶液底液中,能检测出5.00×10^-7mol/L的I-,在5.00×10^-71.50×10^-5mol/L范围内I^-的浓度与峰电流有良好的线性关系.该方法用于海带、食用碘盐中碘的测定,取得了较好的结果.     

Facile synthesis of enzyme functional metal-organic framework for colorimetric detecting H2O2 and ascorbic acid

In this work,a metal-organic frameworks material MIL-88 was prepared easily using solvent-thermal method,and was first found to have catalytic activities similar to those of biological enzymes such as catalase and peroxidase.The material was characterized by XRD,SEM,TEM,EDX,FT-IR techniques and an N_2 adsorption method.It exhibited peroxidase-like activity through catalytic oxidation of the peroxidase substrate 3,3',5,5'-tetramethylbenzidine(TMB) in the presence of H_2O_2,producing a blue-colored solution.Under optimal conditions,the absorbance at 652 nm is linearly correlated with the concentration of H_2O_2 from 2.0×10~(-6) mol/L to 2.03×10~(-5) mol/L(R~2=0.981) with a detection limit of 5.62×10~(-7) mol/L(S/N=3).More importantly,a sensitive and selective method for ascorbic acid detection was developed using this material as a catalyst.The analytical method for ascorbic acid detection was observed to have a linear range from 2.57×10~(-6) mol/L to 1.01×10~(-5) mol/L(R~2=0.989) with a detection limit of 1.03×10~(-6) mol/L(S/N=3).This work suggests MOFs have advantages of preparing biomimetic catalysts and extends applications of the functional MOFs in the field of biosensor.