基于蚁群算法的结构拓扑优化方法

在蚁群优化算法的基础上,将结构拓扑优化问题转换成为双TSP问题,引入了拓扑量和拓扑总量作为结构拓扑变化的评判标准,用MATLAB语言编写了求解结构拓扑优化的简化程序,实现了蚁群优化算法在结构拓扑优化设计上的应用。对经典的平面桁架结构的拓扑优化算例,本文算法与离散系统下的优化算法结果表明:在不同约束限制下,结构拓扑形式一致,重量优化可减小1.4%~3.3%;对某输电线塔应用结果表明:与差商算法相比,搜索的结构拓扑形式更全面,结构质量优化也减小了22%。说明本文优化算法具有较强的实用性。     

结构拓扑优化局部性能约束下轻量化问题的互逆规划解法

瞄准应力和疲劳两类局部性能约束的结构拓扑优化问题,概括为分部、化整和集成3种解法和交融的3种解法.类比应力约束推导了疲劳寿命情况,一为满疲劳公式,二为疲劳寿命约束全局化的结构寿命概念和相应解法.在倒寿命概念下,实现了疲劳寿命约束与应力约束的规格统一.补充和完整了已有的局部性能约束解法,属于单目标模型,有分部、化整、集成...     

基于SIMP插值模型的渐进结构优化方法

在传统渐进结构优化算法(ESO)及带惩罚的变密度法(SIMP)的基础上,本文提出将二者相结合的基于SIMP插值模型的渐进结构优化算法.该方法通过缩小传统ESO算法中的进化步长,从而缩小了由于进化步长过大而导致的敏度评估误差,使得ESO算法在合理性及通用性上获得了较大改善.数值算例表明,该方法在保持了常规ESO方法的优点的同时,拥有更高的稳定性和可靠性.     

利用导重法进行结构拓扑优化

介绍了导重准则法基本原理并将其应用于杆系结构及连续体结构拓扑优化。对于重量约束结构性能最优化和多性态约束结构重量最小化问题的连续结构拓扑优化问题,详细推导了导重法与变密度SIMP(Solid Isotropic Microstructure with Penalization)法相结合的更加规范的全新优化准则公式,并给出了相应的算例。计算结果表明,导重法不仅适用于传统的结构尺寸优化与形状优化,而且可很好地求解结构拓扑优化问题,并具有公式简单、通用性强、收敛速度快及优化效果好的优点。     

一种基于应力的双方向结构拓扑优化算法

基于传统的渐进结构优化方法,提出了一种基于应力的双方向渐进拓扑优化算法。该方法是对传统方法和目前的双方向法的改进和完善。算例表明该方法能避免目前的双方向法具有的解的振荡问题,具有更高的可靠性,能获得更佳的拓扑结构。     

考虑平稳随机响应的显式结构拓扑优化

随机载荷是工程结构在服役中经常承受的一种复杂的载荷形式,通常采用统计学特性对其进行描述。对随机载荷作用下的结构进行拓扑优化设计是一项极具挑战性的工作,其主要难点在于,(1) 传统隐式拓扑优化方法的设计变量数巨大,且用于结构动态性能拓扑优化问题时存在虚假模态等数值不稳定问题; (2) 对结构的随机动力响应统计量及其灵敏度进行计算需要极大的计算量; (3) 隐式拓扑优化框架下的分析模型与优化模型强耦合,导致结构有限元模型具有极高的自由度,进一步加剧了上述困难。本文基于移动可变形组件框架和虚拟激励法理论,提出了一种平稳随机载荷作用下结构的显式拓扑优化设计方法。通过将一系列可移动和可变形的结构组件作为优化的基础单元,实现了使用少量设计变量描述结构拓扑构型的目的。采用虚拟激励法、自由度删除技术和模态位移法有效降低了对结构进行随机振动分析和灵敏度分析的计算量。在此基础上,以结构柔顺度的标准差为目标函数、以设计域内实体材料的体积为约束条件,实现了限带白噪声作用下结构的拓扑优化设计,并通过数值算例验证了本文方法的有效性。     

基于拓扑描述函数的连续体结构拓扑优化方法

提出了一种利用拓扑描述函数(TDF)作为拓扑设计变量求解连续体结构拓扑优化问题 的新方法. 优化问题的目标函数是结构的整体柔顺性，约束条件为对于可利用材料的体积限 制. 这种方法不仅可以消除拓扑优化中经常出现的棋盘格式等数值不稳定现象，而且能够有 效地抑制传统算法处理此类优化问题时所引发的边界扩散效应. 与其它的基于水平集描述函 数的拓扑优化方法相比，所提出的算法不仅无需求解控制水平集函数演化的双曲守恒方 程，而且合理地考虑了目标函数的拓扑导数信息，因而使得算法的计算效率有了显著的提高.     

基于CA的结构拓扑优化中变量更新规则研究

针对连续体结构拓扑优化中数值不稳定问题,借鉴控制系统中反馈控制和误差放大器的原理,构建了一种无梯度约束的变量更新规则,以结构应变能密度均匀分布为优化目标,建立了基于元胞自动机的拓扑优化模型,进行了二维连续体结构的拓扑优化设计,得到材料在设计域内的最优分布。通过求解三个经典的算例,探讨了不同的误差放大系数对优化结果的影响,试验结果表明,该更新规则能够有效地抑制棋盘格和网格依赖性问题。     

K-S函数集成局部性能约束的结构拓扑优化二阶逼近解法

应用K-S (Kreisselmeier–Steinhauser)函数,对结构拓扑优化问题中的局部性能如应力、疲劳寿命等进行集成然后求解。首先针对互逆规划的单目标多约束模型（称为s方模型）及多目标单约束模型（称为m方模型）,应用结构拓扑优化ICM方法,分别建立了基于K-S函数集成处理的优化模型,推导了集成化的约束（对s方模型）或目标（对m方模型）函数的一阶及二阶导数,采用序列二次规划模型对所建立的优化模型进行迭代求解,依据K-T条件给出了二次规划模型的迭代求解公式。然后基于K-S函数阐述了s方模型的集成迭代解法,亦即集成方法。最后,阐述了基于K-S函数的s方模型和m方模型交替融合的迭代解法,亦即集成-集成方法。结果表明集成-集成方法比单纯的集成方法收敛更快。     

基于深度学习的跨分辨率结构拓扑优化设计方法

在传统拓扑优化设计中,随着结构单元增加,迭代计算过程消耗了大量的时间.本文提出了一种基于深度学习的方法来加速拓扑优化设计过程,缩短了结构拓扑优化设计的迭代过程,并生成了高分辨率拓扑优化结构.利用深度学习方法,在低分辨率中间构型与高分辨率拓扑构型之间创建高维映射关系,利用独立、连续和映射(ICM)方法建立深度学习网络所需...     

结构拓扑优化ICM方法的改善

对结构拓扑优化的ICM(独立、连续、映射)方法进行了深入探讨,通 过选取不同的过滤函数可以不进行每步删除而得到清晰的拓扑图形. 以位移约束为例阐述了 ICM方法建模及求解过程. 对位移约束、频率约束、位移及频率约束、简谐载荷激励下动位 移幅值约束等拓扑优化进行了研究,计算算例表明ICM方法在处理静力问题及动力问题的拓 扑优化都是可行的. 程序算法都在MSC.Nastran及MSC.Patran的二次开发环境下实现,与 原软件有机结合在一起.     

Numerical performance of two formulations of truss topology optimization

The present paper studies topology optimization of truss structures in multiple loading cases and with stress constraints. It is pointed out in the paper that the special difficulty of adding bars and/or deleting bars from structure in the numerical algorithm of truss topology optimization is caused by the discontinuity of stress functions at the zero cross sectional area in the conventional formulation. In a new formulation, we replace the stress constraints by new constraints. The new constraints retain the same feasibility of the stress constraints, but are continuous in the closed interval up to zero cross sectional area. The new formulation enables us to solve topology optimization problem in the frame of the existing FEM software and mathematical programming techniques. Powell constrained variable metric method is applied to a number of examples of truss topology optimization. Numerical performances of the two formulations are compared. It is shown that in the conventional formulation the iteration of numerical algorithm may be blocked by discontinuity of the stress constraint and often stops at a nonoptimum solution. And in the new formulation the bar adding and bar deleting is done rationally and a local optimum, even the global optimum can be obtained by iteration. The project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China     

结构拓扑优化中变量连接算法研究与软件实现Research and software implementation of variable connection algorithm for structural topology optimization

结构拓扑优化的变量连接,是通过对设计变量之间添加约束关系,从而得到特定的拓扑优化构型,使得优化结果能够满足工程上的特殊要求和工艺制造技术的限制。针对拓扑优化中的几类过滤形式及灵敏度分析,给出了考虑变量连接的计算公式;基于自主研发的SiPESC软件集成化平台,在SiPESC ．TOPO拓扑优化模块上进行二次开发,构建了拓扑优化的变量连接算法框架,其核心思想是基于面向对象设计方法和软件设计模式,实现算法与数据分离。详细阐述了变量连接的作用方式,以及软件框架通用接口设计方案,并通过数值算例验证了其在静力问题、动力问题和热传导问题上的可行性。     

统一骨架与连续体的结构拓扑优化的ICM理论与方法

技术了基于ＩＣＭ方法的结构拓扑优化新模型并应用于骨架与连续体结构。ＩＣＭ方法意指独立、连续变量与映射及其反演。新模型将两种结构统一建立了具有重量目标函数和多工况下应力与位移约束下的优化问题,提出的过滤函数是ＩＣＭ方法的关键技术之一。说明了优化策略与算法。     

基于功能度量法的桁架结构非概率可靠性拓扑优化方法研究

在结构优化中,拓扑优化相比于尺寸优化和形状优化,设计空间更加广泛,因而能够取得更大的效益.近年来,结构拓扑优化逐渐成为人们研究的热点和难点.随着科学技术的发展,工程结构越来越复杂,材料本身和外部环境的不确定性影响加剧,因此在拓扑优化中需要考虑不确定性的影响.本文研究了桁架结构的非概率可靠性拓扑优化问题,用区间模型来量化...     

A level set method for structural topology optimization with multi-constraints and multi-materials

Combining the vector level set model, the shape sensitivity analysis theory with the gradient projection technique, a level set method for topology optimization with multi-constraints and multi-materials is presented in this paper. The method implicitly describes structural material interfaces by the vector level set and achieves the optimal shape and topology through the continuous evolution of the material interfaces in the structure. In order to increase computational efficiency for a fast convergence, an appropriate nonlinear speed mapping is established in the tangential space of the active constraints. Meanwhile, in order to overcome the numerical instability of general topology optimization problems, the regularization with the mean curvature flow is utilized to maintain the interface smoothness during the optimization process. The numerical examples demonstrate that the approach possesses a good flexibility in handling topological changes and gives an interface representation in a high fidelity, compared with other methods based on explicit boundary variations in the literature. The project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (59805001, 10332010) and Key Science and Technology Research Project of Ministry of Education of China (No.104060)     

基于功能度量法的刚性结构可靠性拓扑优化

相对尺寸优化和形状优化,结构拓扑优化可以更大程度上节约材料和改善设计;实际工程中必然存在着各种不确定性因素,从而考虑不确定性的可靠性拓扑优化逐渐成为研究热点。本文考虑载荷和材料参数的不确定性,采用功能度量法进行可靠性评估,基于变密度法开展了刚性结构的可靠性拓扑优化设计。通过四角支撑平面板、L型梁和二维三维悬臂梁算例,分析拓扑构型与体积分数随目标可靠指标、随机变量个数以及变异系数的变化情况,结果表明,可靠性拓扑优化设计能得到既符合最优传力路径又满足可靠性要求的刚性结构。     

A structural topological optimization method for multi-displacement constraints and any initial topology configuration

In density-based topological design, one expects that the final result consists of elements either black （solid material） or white （void）, without any grey areas. Moreover, one also expects that the optimal topology can be obtained by starting from any initial topology configuration. An improved structural topological optimization method for multidisplacement constraints is proposed in this paper. In the proposed method, the whole optimization process is divided into two optimization adjustment phases and a phase transferring step. Firstly, an optimization model is built to deal with the varied displacement limits, design space adjustments, and reasonable relations between the element stiffness matrix and mass and its element topology variable. Secondly, a procedure is proposed to solve the optimization problem formulated in the first optimization adjustment phase, by starting with a small design space and advancing to a larger deign space. The design space adjustments are automatic when the design domain needs expansions, in which the convergence of the proposed method will not be affected. The final topology obtained by the proposed procedure in the first optimization phase, can approach to the vicinity of the optimum topology. Then, a heuristic algorithm is given to improve the efficiency and make the designed structural topology black/white in both the phase transferring step and the second optimization adjustment phase. And the optimum topology can finally be obtained by the second phase optimization adjustments. Two examples are presented to show that the topologies obtained by the proposed method are of very good 0/1 design distribution property, and the computational efficiency is enhanced by reducing the element number of the design structural finite model during two optimization adjustment phases. And the examples also show that this method is robust and practicable.     

A modified model for concurrent topology optimization of structures and materials

This paper presents a study on the concurrent topology optimization of a structure and its material microstructure. A modified optimization model is proposed by introducing microstructure orientation angles as a new type of design variable. The new model is based on the assumptions that a structure is made of a material with the same microstructure, and the material may have a different orientation within the design domain of the structure. The homogenization theory is applied to link the material and structure scales. An additional post-processing technique is developed for modifying the obtained design to avoid local optima caused by the use of orientation angle variables.Numerical examples are presented to illustrate the viability and effectiveness of the proposed model. It is found that significant improvement in structural performance can be achieved by optimizing the orientation of microstructures in concurrent topology optimization of structures and materials.