Curve cracks lying along a parabolic curve in anisotropic body

ＣＵＲＶＥＣＲＡＣＫＳＬＹＩＮＧＡＬＯＮＧＡＰＡＲＡＢＯＬＩＣＣＵＲＶＥＩＮＡＮＩＳＯＴＲＯＰＩＣＢＯＤＹＨｕＹｕａｎ－ｔａｉ（胡元太）ＺｈａｏＸｉｎｇ－ｈｕａ（赵兴华）（ＳｈａｎｇｈａｉＵｎｉｖｅｒｓｉｔｙ;ＳｈａｎｇｈａｉＩｎｓｔｉｔｕｔｅｏｆＡ...     

有限尺寸下双材料界面附近裂纹位置对裂纹尖端的影响

随着复合材料的应用和发展,不同材料组成的界面结构越来越受到人们的重视.界面层两侧材料的性能相异会引起材料界面端奇异性,同时界面和界面附近存在裂纹会引起裂尖处的应力奇异性.因此双材料界面附近的力学分析是比较复杂的.论文建立双材料直角界面模型,在材料界面附近预设初始裂纹,计算了有限材料尺寸对界面应力场及其附近裂纹应力强度因子的影响.运用弹性力学中的Goursat公式求得直角界面端在有限尺寸下的应力场以及其应力强度系数.通过叠加原理和格林函数法进一步得到在直角界面端附近的裂纹尖端应力强度因子.计算结果表明,在适当范围内改变材料内裂纹与界面之间的距离,界面附近裂纹尖端的应力强度因子随着裂纹与界面距离的增加而减少,并且逐渐趋于稳定.分析结果可以为预测双材料结构复合材料界面失效位置提供参考.     

应用修正的虚裂纹模型研究混凝土结构的三维裂缝扩展

本文在虚裂纹模型中引入初裂强度因子的概念以研究混凝土结构的三维裂缝扩展。虚裂纹的扩展由裂纹尖端的初裂强度因子和虚裂纹所传递的软化应力共同控制。将软化应力分析曲线分段线性化进行模拟,这使问题得到很大程度的简化,同时又保证了解的必要精度。对所建立的有限元基本方程组建议了一次性的求解方法,可以不进行迭代,这既保持了解的稳定,又减轻了计算工作量。     

有限厚度板穿透裂纹前缘附近三维弹性应力场分析

通过三维有限元计算来研究有限宽度、有限厚度含有穿透裂纹板的裂纹前缘应力场，从中找出应力强度因子与板的厚度、裂纹长度之间的关系，同时还分析了裂尖的三维约束程度和三维约束区的大小。分析结果表明：应力强度因子沿厚度的分布是不均匀的，应力强度因子的最大值及其位置与厚度有关；有限厚度板中面应力强度因子(KI)m-p及最大应力强度因子(KI)max均大于平面应力或平面应变的应力强度因子。对有限厚度裂纹问题，按平面应力或平面应变来考虑是不安全的；板中面的应力强度因子(KI)m-p及最大应力强度因子(KI)max是厚度B／a的函数；板的中面离面约束系数Tx最大，自由面(z=B)Tx=0。沿厚度方向裂尖附近的离面约束系数Tx也是z／B和B／a的函数，随着厚度的增加离面约束系数Tx增大，离中面越近离面约束系数Tx越大。Tx随着x的增大急剧减小，三维约束影响区域大小大约为板厚的一半，且裂纹长度a／W对应力强度因子沿厚度变化规律及Tx影响区域大小影响较小。     

On the stress state of a piezoceramic body with a flat crack under symmetric loads

A static-equilibrium problem is solved for an electroelastic transversely isotropic medium with a flat crack of arbitrary shape located in the plane of isotropy. The medium is subjected to symmetric mechanical and electric loads. A relationship is established between the stress intensity factor (SIF) and electric-displacement intensity factor (EDIF) for an infinite piezoceramic body and the SIF for a purely elastic material with a crack of the same shape. This allows us to find the SIF and EDIF for an electroelastic material directly from the corresponding elastic problem, not solving electroelastic problems. As an example, the SIF and EDIF are determined for an elliptical crack in a piezoceramic body assuming linear behavior of the stresses and the normal electric displacement on the crack surface __________ Translated from Prikladnaya Mekhanika, Vol. 41, No. 11, pp. 67–77, November 2005.     

含中心裂纹任意截面柱体扭转时的应力强度因子计算

本文提出了一组应力函数,采用边界配置方法计算了含中心裂纹不同截面形状柱体扭转时的应力强度因子。有关椭圆截面柱体的算例表明,本文方法具有良好的精度。同时,文中给出了圆、椭圆和矩形等不同截面柱体的计算结果。     

Crack problem under shear loading in cubic quasicrystal

IntroductionQuasicrystalasanewstructureofsolidmatter[1,2 ]bringsprofoundnewideastothetraditionalcondensedmatterphysicsandencouragesconsiderabletheoreticalandexperimentalstudiesonthephysicalandmechanicalpropertiesofthematerial,includingtheelasticitytheoryofthequasicrystal,manyvaluableresultsweregiven[3～ 5 ].Defectsinthematerialwereobservedsoonafterthediscoveryofthequasicrystal[6 ,7].Cracksareonetypeofdefects,theirexistencegreatlyinfluencesthephysicalandmechanicalpropertiesofthequasicrystalinem…     

Crack growth under alternating loading

Crack propagation under alternating loading is investigated. Relations between the growth rate of a fatigue defect and loading parameters and the expression for the stress intensity factor are derived for compression of a cracked solid taking into account the possible contact of the crack faces. A model for the deformation of a small region near the crack tip is proposed which allows one to formulate the conditions of residual opening of a growing fatigue crack. The experimental data obtained in tests of steel samples are compared with the results of calculation using the developed procedure. __________ Translated from Prikladnaya Mekhanika i Tekhnicheskaya Fizika, Vol. 49, No. 5, pp. 190–198, September–October, 2008.     

横观各向同性体三维裂纹的瞬态扩展

讨论一对集中力作用下横观各向同性体三维裂纹的瞬态扩展问题,其解答构成三维裂纹瞬态扩展问题的基本解。求解方法是基于积分变换技术,将混合边值问题化为Wiener-Hopf型积分方程,求得了裂纹所在平面应力和位移的封闭形式解。进一步利用Abel定理和Cagniard-de Hoop方法,求得了动态应力强度因子的精确解。最后通过数值结果揭示了横观各向同性材料三维扩展裂纹尖端场的动态特性。     

Two-dimensional problem of anisotropic elastic body with a hyperbolic boundary

The general and simplified formula for anisotropic medium with a hyperbolic boundary subjected to pure bending M_o is provided in this paper. The stress and strain fields in medium are obtained. Based upon the above results, we analyse the hoop stress along the hyperbolic curve and the stress distributions on the planex₂=0 for aluminium (cubic crystal). When the boundary curve degenerates into an external crack three kinds of stress intensity factors (k₁, k₂, k₃) are obtained, and it is easily found that the first stress intensity factor k₁ is independent of the material constants.     

An Edge Crack Problem in a Semi-Infinite Plane Subjected to Concentrated Forces

ＩｎｔｒｏｄｕｃｔｉｏｎＴｈｅｅｄｇｅｃｒａｃｋｐｒｏｂｌｅｍｉｎａｓｅｍｉ＿ｉｎｆｉｎｉｔｅｐｌａｎｅｗａｓｃｏｎｓｉｄｅｒｅｄｂｙｍａｎｙｉｎｖｅｓｔｉｇａｔｏｒｓ.ＵｓｉｎｇｔｈｅＦｒｅｄｈｏｌｍｉｎｔｅｇｒａｌｅｑｕａｔｉｏｎａｎｄｔｈｅａｌｔｅｒｎａｔｉｎｇｍｅｔｈｏｄ ,ａｎｅｄｇｅｃｒａｃｋｐｒｏｂｌｅｍｉｎａｓｅｍｉ＿ｉｎｆｉｎｉｔｅｐｌａｎｅｗａｓｓｏｌｖｅｄ[1].Ｔｈｅｏｂｔａｉｎｅｄｒｅｓｕｌｔｓａｒｅｌｉｍｉｔｅｄｔｏｔｈｅｃａｓｅｔｈａｔｔｈｅｅｄｇｅｃｒａｃｋｉｓｎｏｒｍ…     

含表面半椭圆裂纹板裂纹尖端应力强度因子的三维光弹分析

本文用三维光弹法得到了含表面半椭圆裂纹板拉伸载荷下应力强度因子 K_Ⅰ沿整个裂纹前缘的分布及由不同裂纹深度引起的有限厚度效应,得到的实验结果与理论结果进行了比较和分析,并对角点上的奇异性进行了定性分析.     

一种计算三维裂纹应力强度因子的新方法

构造了一种新的三维奇异单元,提出了一种有效计算三维裂纹应力强度因子新的数值方法。该方法的计算结果与理论解和Newman解结果一致;与Panson等方法相比所使用的自由度数大大减小。结果表明该方法是一种高效、稳定可靠的计算方法。     

The approximate solution of penny-shaped cracks periodically distributed in infinite elastic body

The penny-shaped cracks periodically distributed in infinite elastic body are studied. The problem is approximately simplified to that of a single crack embedded in finite length cylinder and the stress intensity factor is obtained by solving a Fredholm integral equation. Numerical results are given and the effects of crack interaction on the stress intensity factor are discussed. The project suppoted by National Natural Science Foundation of China     

Stress state of a piezoelectric ceramic body with a plane crack under antisymmetric loads

The static equilibrium of an electroelastic transversely isotropic space with a plane crack under antisymmetric mechanical loads is studied. The crack is located in the plane of isotropy. Relationships are established between the stress intensity factors (SIFs) for an infinite piezoceramic body and the SIFs for a purely elastic body with a crack of the same form under the same loads. This makes it possible to find the SIFs for an electroelastic body without the need to solve specific electroelasitc problems. As an example, the SIFs are determined for a piezoelastic body with penny-shaped and elliptic cracks under shear __________ Translated from Prikladnaya Mekhanika, Vol. 42, No. 2, pp. 32–42, February 2006.     

双材料中平片裂纹问题的超奇异积分方程解法

利用三维断裂力学的超奇异积分方程方法,对双材料空间中重直于界面的平片裂纹Ⅰ型问题进行了研究。首先根据双材料空间的弹性力学基本解,使用边界积分方程方法,在有限部积分的意义下导出了以裂纹面位罗间断为未知函数的超奇异积分方程,并为其建立了数值法。在此基础上,讨论了用裂纹面位移问题计算应力强度因子的方法。最后用此计算了几个典型的Ⅰ型下片裂纹问题的应力强度因子,其数值结果令人满意。     

弹性半平面中的斜边界裂纹问题

讨论了一群性半平面无限体中含有一斜烈纹的静力学问题,研究中以断裂力学原理为基础,采用了复变函数的方法,将原问题化为一组解析函数边值问题的求解。文中通过分析函数法以及应用Ｒｉｅｍａｎｎ－Ｈｉｌｂｅｒｔ（Ｒ－Ｈ）边值问题的一般理论,给出了所研究问题的解析解,并且给出了此问题的应力强度因子Ｋ１,Ｋ１的显式形式,此外,裂纹上的位移发生的错动可以得以进一步的讨论,文中的结论对地学的研究有一定的应用价值。     

一种经验型疲劳小裂纹扩展模型

金属材料疲劳寿命由裂纹萌生和裂纹扩展寿命两部分组成,其中对于萌生寿命中的小裂纹分析是精确描述裂纹萌生寿命的关键．而小裂纹在扩展过程中由于尺寸相对较小,导致传统线弹性断裂力学预测方法失效,需要对其进行改进,考虑裂纹尖端塑性区引起的残余压应力对小裂纹扩展速度的影响．本文针对此问题进行了初步分析,通过对塑性区引起的残余应力的量化,结合小裂纹门槛值特性,提出了一种经验型修正的小裂纹扩展模型,用于定量预测裂纹的萌生寿命．使用铝合金6082-T6缺口试样进行了疲劳实验,并与理论结果进行了对比,验证了所提模型的有效性．     

Elastic state of a transversely isotropic piezoelectric body with an arbitrarily oriented elliptic crack

The elastic stress state in a piezoelectric body with an arbitrarily oriented elliptic crack under mechanical and electric loads is analyzed. The solution is obtained using triple Fourier transform and the Fourier-transformed Green’s function for an unbounded piezoelastic body. Solving the problem for the case of a crack lying in the isotropy plane, for which there is an exact solution, demonstrates that the approach is highly efficient. The distribution of the stress intensity factors along the front of a crack in a piezoelectric body under uniform mechanical loading is analyzed numerically for different orientations of the crack __________ Translated from Prikladnaya Mekhanika, Vol. 44, No. 2, pp. 39–48, February 2008.     

使用焦散线法与光弹法测定三维裂纹混合型应力强度因子

本文介绍了将焦散线法与应力冻结，“解冻”技术相结合，使焦散线法用于测量三维体内部裂纹前缘应力强度因子的实验方法，并针对复杂应力状态下三维裂纹前缘的不同应变奇异场，合理地综合运用焦散线法与三维光弹法，实际测量与分离了三维裂纹前缘混合型应力强度因子。