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介绍了离子回旋波加热领域研究进展,具体分析了快波少子加热模式转换情况以及影响模式转换分量大小和位置的因素。通过控制波的频率及少子浓度,使得波能够顺利传播到托卡马克等离子体的离子混合共振与截止的区域附近,并转换为离子Bernstein波而被等离子体有效吸收,因而能够改善加热效果。     

低频Alfvén波对等离子体非共振加热与随机加热的粒子模拟

采用粒子模拟方法,研究沿背景磁场方向传播的低频Alfvén波对磁化等离子体加热的物理过程.模拟结果表明:离子在垂直和平行于背景磁场的方向都得到明显的加热,在非共振加热阶段,垂直方向比平行方向的加热效果更加显著,形成温度各向异性;在随机加热阶段,垂直和平行方向的温度最终达到饱和且趋于一致.加热过程中,离子所获得动力学温度的最大值由外加磁场能量密度与等离子体密度的比值决定,与Alfvén波的频率及振幅无关;离子在平行于背景磁场方向上被加速,并最终获得相当于Alfvén波相速度大小的流速.     

HT—6M装置上离子回旋波的传播和吸收

本文从波与粒子相互作用的线性理论出发，结合ＨＴ－６Ｍ托卡马克少数离子为氢，基本离子为氘的等离子体离子回旋共振加热为例，讨论了离子回旋波在这特定的等离子体中传播、吸收与少数离子氢的浓度ＲＨ和平行波数ＫⅡ的关系。文中最后还给出ＨＴ－６Ｍ托卡马克离子回旋共振加热的优化实验方案。     

HT－6M装置上离子回旋波的传播和吸收

本文从波与粒子相互作用的线性理论出发，结合ＨＴ－６Ｍ托卡马克少数离子为氢，基本离子为氘［Ｈ（Ｄ）］的等离子体离子回旋共振加热（ＩＣＲＨ）为例，讨论了离子回旋波在这特定的等离子体中传播、吸收与少数离子氢的浓度ＲＨ（定义为ｎＨ／ｎｅ，ｎＨ为氢离子密度，ｎｅ是等离子体总密度）和平行波数ｋ‖的关系。文中最后还给出了ＨＴ－６Ｍ托卡马克离子回旋共振加热的优化实验方案。     

激光等离了体共振吸收的波碎过程

用理论分析和粒子模拟方法对激光等离子体共振吸收的波碎过程进行了研究，讨论了温度参量对共振吸收的影响，发现在共振区域电子不会会被其在静电波势阱中的振荡加热，也会被朗道阻尼所加热；在低密度区域还存在着湍动加速机制，在一定的功率水平下，可以观察到二次波碎行为。     

激光等离子体共振吸收的波碎过程

用理论分析和粒子模拟方法对激光等离子体共振吸收的波碎过程进行了研究．讨论了温度参量对共振吸收的影响，发现在共振区域电子不但会被其在静电波势阱中的振荡加热，也会被朗道阻尼所加热；在低密度区域还存在着湍动加速机制．在一定的功率水平下，可以观察到二次波碎行为     

低频Alfvén波多波相干加热粒子模拟

采用粒子模拟方法,考察多支沿背景磁场方向传播的低频Alfvén波对磁化等离子体的加热过程,研究不同频率的多支低频Alfvén波相干加热.结果表明可以通过调整波的频率比实现对非共振加热过程和随机加热过程这两个阶段的强化.符合相干共振条件的多波加热会强化低频Alfvén波对粒子拾取,进而强化非共振加热,明显提高加热效率.在多波加热的过程中,如果多支波之间的频率差足够小,则多波在调制过程中会形成波包.波包的出现标志着粒子各向异性的强化,从而提升随机加热效率.     

ICRH ���߷�����n||�Կ첨�������Ӽ���Ч����Ӱ��

采用等离子体分层模型,利用WKB近似研究了离子回旋共振加热(ICRH)天线发射谱n||对离子回旋波在托卡马克等离子体的表面功率反射系数、吸收衰减的影响,数值模拟了不同天线发射谱n||条件下快波少数离子加热的效果.模拟结果表明,当其它实验参数一定时,ICRH天线发射合适的n||能提高天线与等离子体的耦合效率,增强少数离子加热的效果.     

电子回旋波驱动的托卡马克芯部等离子体极向旋转

提出了一个驱动托卡马克芯部等离子体极向旋转的新途径：用电子回旋波产生芯部等离子体极向旋转.物理机制如下：在高功率的电子回旋波加热的托卡马克等离子体中，共振局域化现象将产生极向电场从而形成极向外高内低的离子密度分布；这个极向离子的积累可以克服来自磁泵的阻尼而使等离子体极向旋转退稳定.从流体力学方程和漂移动力学方程中，得到了等离子体旋转退稳的判别式.结果表明现有的电子回旋波加热功率水平可以驱动芯部等离子体的极向旋转. 关键词：     

电磁波的非线性动力理论

使用全动力途径，严格地推导了左旋圆极化电磁波的非线性色散关系。所得到的色散关系被用来分析电子Ｂｅｒｎｓｔｅｉｎ波和高杂波所激发的电磁辐射。结果表明：（１）电子Ｂｅｒｎｓｔｅｉｎ波可以激发频率上移辐射，也可以激发频率下移辐射，这取决于背景等离子体频率ｗｐｅ与电子回旋频率Ωｅ的比值大小；（２）高杂波只能激发频率下移辐射；（３）当电子Ｂｅｒｎｓｔｅｉｎ波位于高杂共振层时，频率上移辐射和频率下移辐射可以同     

Asymptotic analysis of nonlinear nonaxisymmetric waves on the surface of a neutral dielectric jet in a longitudinal electrostatic field

The problem of calculation of finite-amplitude waves on the cylindrical surface of an ideal incompressible dielectric liquid jet in a uniform electrostatic field collinear to the unperturbed jet axis is solved using a second-order asymptotic analytic procedure in ratio of the wave amplitude to the jet radius. Nonlinear corrections to the jet profile, velocity field potential, and electrostatic potentials inside and outside the jet are of resonant nature. The degenerate resonant interaction between the wave determining the initial strain and the waves excited due to nonlinearity of the hydrodynamic equations can take place for waves with different symmetries (different azimuth numbers).     

Structures of Equatorial Envelope Rossby Wave Under a Generalized External Forcing

The cubic nonlinear Schrodinger (NLS for short) equation with a generalized external heating source is derived for large amplitude equatorial envelope Rossby wave in a shear flow. And then various periodic structures for these equatorial envelope Rossby waves are obtained with the help of a new transformation, Jacobi elliptic functions,and elliptic equation. It is shown that different types of resonant phase-locked diabatic heating play different roles in structures of equatorial envelope Rossby wave.     

Nonlinear periodic waves on the charged surface of a finite-thickness ideal liquid layer

In the fourth order of smallness in the amplitude of a periodic capillary-gravitational wave travelling over the uniformly charged free surface of an ideal incompressible conducting liquid of a finite depth, analytical expressions for the evolution of the nonlinear wave, velocity field potential of the liquid, electrostatic field potential above the liquid, and nonlinear frequency correction that is quadratic in a small parameter are derived. It is found that the dependence of the amplitude of the nonlinear correction to the frequency on the charge density on the free liquid surface and on the thickness of the liquid layer changes qualitatively when the layer gets thinner. In thin liquid layers, the resonant wavenumber depends on the surface charge density, while in thick layers, this dependence is absent.     

Evaluation of the cement bond quality through filtering the reflected ultrasonic waves

High cement bond quality is required to keep an oil well from hydraulic communication between zones.In the cement bond evaluation,the ultrasonic echo method is widely used for its capability of channeling azimuth detection.Full waveforms reflected from the cased hole are simulated for different bonding conditions by the generalized transfer matrix method.Because of the high acoustic impedance of casing,the amplitudes of the reflected waves from the cement and the formation are small and cannot easily be used to evaluate the cementing condition.The wave that can propagate into the cement and the formation through the casing concentrates closely on the casing resonant frequency.To reduce the amplitude of the reflected wave from the casing inner surface and highlight the part of the reflected wave which carries the cementing quality information,the reflected full wave is filtered according to the casing resonant frequency.There are several wave packets in the filtered waveform.When the amplitude of the second wave packet is low,the cement bonds well with the casing,otherwise poorly.A low amplitude third wave packet is an indication of a good bond of the cement with the formation,otherwise poor.To reveal the sensitivity of the reflection wave amplitudes to the incident angle,reflected full waveform is modeled when an acoustic beam with finite width is incident on the casing.It is shown that the bond evaluation method based on filtered wave packets is valid for incident angle less than 5 degrees.     

Lower bound in energy for chaotic dynamics of ions

When a charged particle is acted upon by an electrostatic wave propagating across a uniform magnetic field, its dynamics is chaotic provided that its initial Larmor radius is larger than a threshold value ϱ_m. We analytically compute ϱ_m when the wave frequency is an integer multiple of the particle cyclotron frequency, and show that ϱ_m increases with the wave amplitude. This leads to the counter-intuitive result that the dynamics of a low energy particle can be made stochastic by decreasing the amplitude of the wave.     

Bending vibrations of semiconductor wafers with local heat sources

Experimental and theoretical analysis of temperature fields generated by the pulsed current heating of metallization paths on a semiconductor wafer surface is performed. It is shown that any step change in the heating power causes bending vibrations of the wafer. Within the safety margins for semiconductor device operation, the vibration amplitude is proportional to the step amplitude. The damping factor for the entire wave packet is found (Γ=1103 s^?1), and frequency components of acoustic radiation excited in a 300-µm-thick silicon wafer are determined.     

Double-resonant extremely asymmetrical scattering of electromagnetic waves in non-uniform periodic arrays

A new type of Bragg scattering – double-resonant extremely asymmetrical scattering (DEAS) of optical waves in oblique, non-uniform, periodic Bragg arrays is analysed theoretically and numerically. Steady-state DEAS is demonstrated to occur in the extremely asymmetrical geometry where the scattered wave propagates parallel to the front array boundary. The non-uniform array is represented by two joint uniform, strip-like, periodic arrays with different phases (and amplitudes) of the grating. DEAS is characterised by a unique combination of two simultaneous resonances with respect to frequency and phase variation at the interface between the joint arrays. As a result, a strong resonant increase in the scattered wave amplitude compared with the amplitude of the incident wave is predicted and investigated theoretically. The amplitude of the incident wave inside the array is also shown to increase resonantly in the middle of the array where the step-like variation in the phase of the grating takes place. The effect of different widths of the joint arrays, and magnitudes of the grating amplitudes on DEAS is analysed. Physical explanations of this type of scattering, based on the diffractional divergence of the scattered wave from one of the joint arrays into another, are presented.     

SAR CHARACTERIZATION OF FOCUSED PLANAR ARRAY OF WATER-LOADED MODIFIED BOX-HORNS FOR HYPERTHERMIA

A 4×4 planar array of modified box-horns as a microwave hyperthermia applicator is theoretically studied to characterize power deposition (SAR) in heating tissue (muscle) at 2450 MHz. A modified box-horn is a novel improved version of conventional box-horn in which horn exciting the box waveguide is flared in both E-and H-planes. Modified box-horn supports TE₁₀ and TE₃₀ modes. The amplitude distribution over the H-plane of the box-horn aperture is a closer approximation to the uniform distribution. It is proposed that the interior of the box-horn be filled with water to provide a better impedance match to biological tissue. By applying Fresnel-Kirchhoff scalar diffraction field theory, the expression for electric field in heating region is derived and distribution of specific absorption rate (SAR) in that region due to planar array of modified box-horns as direct contact applicator is evaluated at 2450 MHz. The results of modified box-horn array are compared with those of a single modified box-horn operating at the same frequency. Results demonstrate that planar array of modified box-horns offers improvement in SAR distribution and penetration depth. It is shown that by changing the phase and amplitude of excitation of the modified box-horns of the array, the relative amplitude and position of the hot spot can be changed. The present analysis is validated through the results obtained by plane wave spectral technique.     

Landau damping of electrons with bouncing motion in a radio-frequency plasma

One-dimensional particle simulations have been conducted to study the interaction between a radio-frequency electrostatic wave and electrons with bouncing motion. It is shown that bounce resonance heating can occur at the first few harmonics of the bounce frequency (nω_b,n=1,2,3,...). In the parameter regimes in which bounce resonance overlaps with Landau resonance, the higher harmonic bounce resonance may accelerate electrons at the velocity much lower than the wave phase velocity to Landau resonance region, enhancing Landau damping of the wave. Meanwhile, Landau resonance can increase the number of electrons in the lower harmonic bounce resonance region. Thus electrons can be efficiently heated. The result might be applicable for collisionless electron heating in low-temperature plasma discharges.