Schwarz混乱松弛法(S-COR)及同步和异步并行算法

早在1985年,[1]就把Schwarz交替法推广到任意多个子区域分解情形,并且提出了带松弛因子ω的S-COR算法.就一般的二阶自共轭椭圆问题而言,[1]断言:当ω∈(0,2)时,S-COR算法收敛,并在[1]和[2]中给出了收敛性证明.但在证明中有几处不严密的论证.本文利用Lions的理论给出一个收敛性证明,并提出几个同步和异步并行算法.其收敛性可由S-COR算法的收敛性导出.     

Schwarz混乱松弛法是收敛的

§1.引论 早在1985年,Schwarz交替法就推广到了多子区域情形,并给出了带松弛因子ω的S-COR算法。[1],[2]证明,对于一致正定二阶自共轭椭圆问题,当ω∈(0,2)时,S-COR算法是收敛的。但在证明中有几处不太严格。[4]基于[3]的变分框架理论给出一新的证明,亦不严格。[4]的问题出在对引理3的使用上。尽管通过反证法可以证明,存     

尺度变换和矩阵分解的收敛性

§1.引言 在[1]中尺度变换的基础上,本文讨论了最优尺度矩阵的情形,并利用[2]的结果,提出了证明矩阵分解收敛性的一种新方法.这个方法简单易行,用它可以证明和推广许多矩阵分解的收敛性.例如,[3]-[9]中的矩阵分解,大大简化了那里的证明步骤.     

一个新的超线性收敛性算法

本文在[1]的基础上对具有线性约束的非线性规划问题提出了一个新的算法,并采用[2]的证明思想,给出了它的超线性收敛性.其特点是不再使用 polak 扰动和ε-约束,有关背景参见[1—3].     

一个等式约束问题的拟Newton—信赖域型方法及其收敛性

在[1]中,Vardi提出一个信赖域方法,而收敛性证明却是在精确λ-搜索下给出的,本文在[1]的基础上提出一个新的算法-拟Newton-信赖域型算法,并证明该算法是全局收敛的,通过利用二阶修正技术去修正该算法,我们证明了该算法是局部超线性收敛的。     

无约束非光滑优化问题信赖域算法的收敛条件

1 引言 考虑下列无约束非光滑优化问题 minf(x),(1) x∈R~n,其中f为R~n上的局部Lipschitz函数,本文将‖·‖_2简记为‖·‖.记下列信赖域子问题为S∪B(x,△). min m(x,s)=φ(x,s)+1/2s~TBs, 其中φ:R~(2m)→R为f的迭代函数。 对于无约束非光滑优化问题(1),[11],[13],[3]、[4]和[5]分别在特殊的条件下给出了信赖域算法用以求解(1)的收敛性结果。最近,[10]、[2]和[6]在不同的假设条件下分别给出了信赖域算法求解无约束非光滑优化问题的一般模型,并在子问题的目标函数满足局部一致有界性条件时证明了算法模型的整体收敛性。在目标函数满足某种正则性条件时,[11]和[9]给出了当信赖域子问题的目标函数中二次项不满足一致有界性条件时的收敛性结果.本文则在目标函数仅为局部Lipschitz函数时得到了和[8]、[11]、[9]相同的收敛性结果。     

一族非线性约束条件下的摄动梯度投影法

对问题(P),堵丁柱改变了以往的做法,利用对约束切空间的摄动技巧,给出了一个收敛的梯度投影方法.本文推广了[1]中方法,给出了一个更一般的收敛算法,它无需[1]中对约束函数的凸性假设,也不须多次求投影梯度.本文中算法的收敛性证明是建立在[3]中引理10.2.6的简单推广得到的引理3的基础上的.本文引理3减弱了引理10.2.6中的条件3,因而更具实用性.可以简化许多算法的收敛性证明.     

正型差分解的收敛性

我们考虑一阶非线性偏微分方程一类正型差分解,证明它的整体收敛性,其极限函数(有界变差函数类)是微分方程的弱解.[9]和[1]证明了Lax格式的收敛性,[11]曾证明2m 1五点线性正型差分解大范围的收敛性,在[5]中研究的是m=1情况下一类正     

一个具有线性约束的Goldfarb方法的改进算法

本文对具有线性约束的非线性规划问题给出一个Goldfarb方法的改进算法,并且在与[1]同样的条件下,给出了算法之超线性收敛性证明.     

点到集映象族与最优化算法

1.引言文献[1]和[2]分别考虑了单降和单增点到集映象族,给出了由单降和单增点到集映象族定义的一些最优化的一般算法,并在适当的条件下证明了这些算法的收敛性.本文用一般的点到集映象族定义这些算法,改进了[1]和[2]中的某些假设,在较弱的条件下证明了这些算法的收敛性.特别,我们不需要点到集映象族的单降或单增性,以及[1]中假设     

Half Space and Quarter Space Dirichlet Problems for the Partial Differential Equation

A customary, heuristic, method, by which the Poisson integral formula for the Dirichlet problem, for the half space, for Laplace's equation is obtained, involves Green's function, and Kelvin's method of images. Although this heuristic method leads one to guess the correct result, this Poisson formula still has to be verified directly, independently of the method by which it was arrived at, in order to be absolutely certain that a solution of the Dirichlet problem for the half space, for Laplace's equation, has been actually obtained. A similar heuristic method, as seems to be generally known, could be followed in solving the Dirichlet problem, for the half space, for the equation where is a real constant. However, in Part 1, a different, labor-saving, method is used to study Dirichlet problems for the equation. This method is essentially based on what Hadamard called the method of descent. Indeed, it is shown that he who has solved the half space Dirichlet problem for Laplace's equation has already solved the half space Dirichlet problem for the equation In Part 2, the solution formula for the quarter space Dirichlet problem for Laplace's equation is obtained from the Poisson integral formula for the half space Dirichlet problem for Laplace's equation. A representation theorem for harmonic functions in the quarter space is deduced. The method of descent is used, in Part 3, to obtain the solution formula for the quarter space Dirichlet problem for the equation by means of the solution formula for the quarter space Dirichlet problem for Laplace's equation. So that, indeed, it is also shown that he who has solved the quarter space Dirichlet problem for Laplace's equation has already solved the quarter space Dirichlet problem for the " equation" For the sake of completeness and clarity, and for the convenience of the reader, the appendix, at the end of Part 3, contains a detailed proof that the Poisson integral formula solves the half space Dirichlet problem for Laplace's equation. The Bibliography for Parts 1,2, 3 is to be found at the end of Part 1.     

Various motivations for managerial (mis)reporting – an experimental study

In the experiment we model all possible consequences from misreporting for both the shareholder and for the manager, since we are interested in patterns in reporting behaviour resulting from different motivations for potential misrepresentation. This allows for examining the stability of the (mis)reporting behaviour in different treatments. Agents are primarily driven by the consequences for themselves rather than by the consequences for the principal, while deciding on misreporting. Participants are willing to sacrifice a small gain for themselves in order to prevent a greater loss for the principal. If agents misreport, they do it in order to generate positive rather than negative consequences for themselves. Reports in favour of the principal, but fruitless or even costly for the agent are very rare. The experiment indicates also that pro-social agents report more truthfully than pro-self agents.     

An approximation of stochastic hyperbolic equations: case with Wiener process

In the present paper, the two‐step difference scheme for the Cauchy problem for the stochastic hyperbolic equation is presented. The convergence estimate for the solution of the difference scheme is established. In applications, the convergence estimates for the solution of difference schemes for the numerical solution of four problems for hyperbolic equations are obtained. The theoretical statements for the solution of this difference scheme are supported by the results of the numerical experiment. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Lower Bounds for the Rate of Convergence of Dynamic Reconstruction Algorithms for Distributed-Parameter Systems

We obtain lower bounds for the rate of convergence of reconstruction algorithms for distributed-parameter systems of parabolic type. In the case of a pointwise constraint on control for known reconstruction algorithms, we establish a lower bound on the rate of convergence, which shows that, given certain conditions, for each solution of the system one can choose such a collection of measurements so that the reconstruction error will not be less than a certain value. In the case of unbounded controls, we obtain lower bounds for a possible reconstruction error for each trajectory as well as for a given set of trajectories. For a system of special form, we construct an algorithm for which we obtain upper and lower bounds for accuracy having identical order for a specific choice of matching of the parameters.     

Asymptotic for the cumulative distribution function of the degrees and homomorphism densities for random graphs sampled from a graphon

We give asymptotics for the cumulative distribution function (CDF) for degrees of large dense random graphs sampled from a graphon. The proof is based on precise asymptotics for binomial random variables. This result is a first step for giving a nonparametric test for identifying the degree function of a large random graph. Replacing the indicator function in the empirical CDF by a smoother function, we get general asymptotic results for functionals of homomorphism densities for partially labeled graphs. This general setting allows to recover recent results on asymptotics for homomorphism densities of sampled graphon.     

Error estimates for shooting methods in two-point boundary value problems for second-order equations

This paper is concerned with a procedure for estimating the global discretization error arising when a boundary value problem for a system of second order differential equations is solved by the simple shooting method, without transforming the original problem in an equivalent first order problem. Expressions of the global discretization error are derived for both linear and nonlinear boundary value problems, which reduce the error estimation for a boundary value problem to that for an initial value problem of same dimension. The procedure extends to second order equations a technique for global error estimation given elsewhere for first order equations. As a practical result the accuracy of the estimates for a second order problem is increased compared with the estimates for the equivalent first order problem.     

Circle theorems for steady Stokes flow

Two circle theorems for two-dimensional steady Stokes flow are presented. The first theorem gives an expression for the stream function for a Stokes flow past a circular cylinder in terms of the stream function for a slow and steady irrotational flow in an unbounded incompressible viscous fluid. The second theorem gives a more general expression for the stream function for another Stokes flow past the circular cylinder in terms of the stream function for a slow and steady rotational flow in the same fluid.     

A simulation approach to cost-effectiveness and cost-benefit calculations of screening for the early detection of disease

The computer simulation program Miscan, developed for analysis, prediction and optimization of screening for early detection of disease, has been extended to enable full cost-effectiveness and cost-benefit calculations. The user specifies which of the available cost- and effectiveness-items are to be used and can choose the valuation per unit for each item. The program computes the volume of each item for scenarios with and without screening, and calculates the costs and effectiveness of the simulated screening policy. The program allows for discounting and present value computations, for scale effects, and for quality adjustment of life years for age and disease stage. The use of the program is illustrated with a model of cervical cancer screening that was based on data from the pilot project in the Netherlands. Two screening policies are compared for several discount rates, and for several exchange rates between costs and health effects.     

Sharp two-weight inequalities for singular integrals, with applications to the Hilbert transform and the Sarason conjecture

We prove two-weight norm inequalities for Calderón-Zygmund singular integrals that are sharp for the Hilbert transform and for the Riesz transforms. In addition, we give results for the dyadic square function and for commutators of singular integrals. As an application we give new results for the Sarason conjecture on the product of unbounded Toeplitz operators on Hardy spaces.     

Sequence of operations analysis for dynamic data structures

This paper introduces a rather general technique for computing the average-case performance of dynamic data structures, subjected to arbitrary sequences of insert, delete, and search operations. The method allows us effectively to evaluate the integrated cost of various interesting data structure implementations, for stacks, dictionaries, symbol tables, priority queues, and linear lists; it can thus be used as a basis for measuring the efficiency of each proposed implementation. For each data type, a specific continued fraction and a family of orthogonal polynomials are associated with sequences of operations: Tchebycheff for stacks, Laguerre for dictionaries, Charlier for symbol tables, Hermite for priority queues, and Meixner for linear lists. Our main result is an explicit expression, for each of the above data types, of the generating function for integrated costs, as a linear integral transform of the generating functions for individual operation costs. We use the result to compute explicitly integrated costs of various implementations of dictionaries and priority queues.