纳米Si/C/N复相粉体的微波介电特性

研究了纳米Si/C/N复相粉体在8.2—18GHz的微波介电特性,采用双反应室激光气相合成纳米粉体装置,以六甲基二硅胺烷((Me₃Si)₂NH)(Me∶CH₃)为原料,用激光诱导气相反应法合成纳米Si/C/N复相粉体,复相粉体的粒径为20—30nm.纳米Si/C/N复相粉体与石蜡复合体的介电常量的实部(ε′)和虚部(ε″)以及介电损耗角正切(tan δ=ε″/ε′)随纳米粉体含量的增加而增大,ε′和ε″与纳米粉体体积分数(v)之间符合二次函 关键词： 纳米Si/C/N复相粉体 微波介电常量 微观结构     

具有横向磁晶各向异性的钴纳米线的微波吸收性能

使用电化学脉冲沉积法制备了磁晶各向异性易磁化方向(c轴)垂直纳米线长轴方向的钴纳米线.受到磁晶各向异性、静磁相互作用等因素与形状各向异性相互竞争的结果,纳米线阵列的磁滞回线显示出较弱的磁各向异性.此外,在2—18 GHz频率范围内,纳米线/石蜡复合材料的介电色散谱的虚部在5 GHz处有一个主峰,在10 GHz附近有一个较弱的峰;德拜弛豫特性和材料的电导率对这两个峰的形成均有贡献.同时,其磁导率色散谱的虚部在频率为6.1 GHz处有一个主峰,在10 GHz以上有两个较微弱的峰. 前一个峰源于自 关键词： 钴纳米线 介电色散谱 磁导率色散谱 微波吸收剂     

聚苯胺-碳纳米管复合体的制备及其光响应

纳米尺寸导电材料对功能分子材料及分子器件的作用越来越显得重要.采用原位乳液聚合法制备聚苯胺 碳纳米管复合体，SEM和TEM照片显示复合管的直径为60—70nm，聚苯胺的包裹层厚度约25—30nm.x射线衍射及热分析表明纳米复合管的结晶性能增强，热稳定性得到提高.光电响应试验表明复合管的光吸收增强，光电流增大，说明聚苯胺 碳纳米复合管薄膜受光照射后发生了光诱导电荷分离现象. 关键词： 聚苯胺 碳纳米管 复合纳米管 光电流     

聚苯胺/碳纳米管复合体的制备及其三阶非线性光学性能研究

通过原位吸附-受限生长聚合法成功制备了聚苯胺/碳纳米管(PANI/MWCNT)复合体.红外光谱和拉曼光谱证实了在碳纳米管(MWCNT)表面的包覆层为聚苯胺(PANI).紫外—可见吸收光谱表明随着MWCNT含量的增加PANI的吸收发生红移且强度提高.扫描电子显微镜和透射电子显微镜观察发现，PANI/MWCNT复合体直径为40—70nm，其中PANI的包覆层厚度约为15—20nm.利用四波混频方法测试它们的三阶非线性光学系数，结果发现PANI/MWCNT复合体的三阶非线性光学系数比纯PANI大，这说明在MWC 关键词： 碳纳米管 聚苯胺 复合体 三阶非线性光学系数     

温度相关的微波频率下氯化钠水溶液介电特性

针对NaCl水溶液(0.001–0.5 mol/L)介电特性, 实验调查了频率(200–6.25 GHz), 温度(293–353 K)、 浓度相关复介电常数. 结果表明: 频率增大的过程中虚部呈逐渐减小的趋势, 高温使离子扰动增大, 破坏了溶液内部水分子四面体结构和氢键构象而使介电常数实部减小. 与纯水相比, 溶液的损耗角正切在高温353 K低频区下降明显. 同时发现2.45和5.8 GHz的复介电常数随温度变化的温度窗效应, 温度窗效应导致微波加热时耗散功率的振荡变化, 温度分布不均匀现象在实验中得以证实. 关键词： 微波 复介电常数 介电特性 高温探头     

雷达波吸收剂的包覆改性设计

从电磁场理论出发，建立了包覆改性吸收剂等效电磁参数模型，初步得到了磁性吸收剂经介电改性后外包覆层和内层材料相对体积分数对损耗性能和特性阻抗的影响规律；以此为基础，进行了包覆改性吸收剂的结构设计；采用溶胶-凝胶法制备了包覆改性吸收剂，实验测试了样品的电磁参数，同理论预测结果进行了比较，表明理论预测的电磁参数频谱特性同实际测试结果比较接近. 关键词： 包覆改性吸收剂 等效电磁参数     

类花状ZnO-CoFe2 O4 复合纳米管束的制备及其电磁波吸收特性

在90 ℃水溶液中采用两步晶体生长法制备出类花状ZnO-CoFe₂O₄复合纳米管束.ZnO纳米管束的管壁厚度大约为60 nm,管的直径大约为350 nm,CoFe₂O₄纳米颗粒连续包覆在ZnO纳米管束的表面,CoFe₂O₄纳米颗粒尺寸小于40 nm, 壳层厚度随着CoFe₂O₄在ZnO-CoFe₂O_{4 关键词： 类花状 2}O₄')" href="#">ZnO-CoFe₂O₄ 纳米管束 微波吸收剂     

模板法合成多壁碳纳米管复合材料

以包覆在碳纳米管表面的薄层二氧化锰作为表面再包覆聚苯胺的反应性模板合成了聚苯胺和碳的复合的多壁纳米管的结构,该复合材料在水中显示出很好的分散性．该方法还可以用来合成如聚3,4-乙撑二氧噻吩、聚吡咯、二氧化硅、无定形碳等材料与碳纳米管的复合材料.     

低温氮化硅薄膜的介电性能研究

研究了微波电子回旋共振等离子体化学汽相沉积低温氮化硅薄膜在5—10⁶Hz频率范围内的介电性能．由于低温氮化硅薄膜为具有分形结构的纳米非晶薄膜，致使氮化硅薄膜的介电谱、损耗谱在低频区和高频区具有两种不同的分布规律．在低频区介电谱具有ε′∝ω^n－1₁的关系，ｎ₁在0.82—0.88之间，是电子跳跃导电的结果；在高频区介电谱具有ε′∝ω^n-1₂的关系，n₂在0 关键词：     

电流变液微波反射可调控性

研究了纳米二氧化钛包覆高岭土和钇掺杂钛酸钡两种电流变液的微波反射行为.实验发现，在垂直于微波传播方向电场作用下，两种电流变液微波反射系数均随电场强度的增大而增大；钇掺杂钛酸钡电流变液微波反射系数变化幅度比二氧化钛包覆高岭土电流变液宽，并且电场调节的能力随浓度的增加有减弱的趋势.对钇掺杂钛酸钡电流变液存在一个临界浓度，低于这个浓度，电场的调控能力随电场强度的增加而增大，高于这个浓度，电场的调控能力随电场的增加先增大后减小.另外，二氧化钛包覆高岭土电流变液反射回波相位随电场强度的增大出现最大值后逐渐减小趋于平 关键词： 电流变液 微波反射 相位     

碳纳米管复合吸波涂层微波吸收性能的模拟计算

如何利用碳纳米管复合吸波涂层的参数进行吸波性能优化是电磁屏蔽研究的热点之一.涂层参数对吸波性能影响的研究主要停留在实验探索阶段,而碳纳米管的结构参数对吸波性能影响的研究鲜有报道.因此,从微观结构层次研究涂层参数对吸波性能的影响有重要意义.基于多壁碳纳米管的等效电路,利用碳纳米管结构参数与等效电路各元件参数的关系,研究了碳纳米管损耗微波的机理,建立了碳纳米管结构参数与微波反射率的关系式.根据此关系式,利用Matlab软件模拟计算了碳纳米管管长、管径、涂层中碳纳米管的含量以及涂层厚度对微波反射率的影响.模拟计算结果表明:涂层的微波反射率随碳纳米管含量变化的模拟曲线与实验结果符合;碳纳米管含量和厚度是影响吸收峰位置和吸收强度的重要参量,而碳纳米管直径和长度是主要影响吸收峰强度的参量.     

The effects of static magnetic field on microwave absorption of hydrogen plasma in carbon nanotubes: A numerical study

We theoretically investigate the microwave absorption properties of hydrogen plasma in iron-catalyzed highpressure disproportionation-grown carbon nanotubes under an external static magnetic field in the frequency range 0.3 GHz to 30 GHz, using the Maxwell equations in conjunction with a general expression for the effective complex permittivity of magnetized plasma known as the Appleton–Hartree formula. The effects of the external static magnetic field intensity and the incident microwave propagation direction on the microwave absorption of hydrogen plasma in CNTs are studied in detail. The numerical results indicate that the microwave absorption properties of hydrogen plasma in iron-catalyzed high-pressure disproportionation-grown carbon nanotubes can be obviously improved when the external static magnetic field is applied to the material. It is found that the specified frequency microwave can be strongly absorbed by the hydrogen plasma in iron-catalyzed high-pressure disproportionation-grown carbon nanotubes over a wide range of incidence angles by adjusting the external magnetic field intensity and the parameters of the hydrogen plasma.     

Nanostructured carbon nanotube/TiO2 composite coatings using electrophoretic deposition (EPD)

Electrophoretic deposition (EPD) has been used to combine multi-walled carbon nanotubes of diameter in the range 20–30 nm and commercially available TiO₂ nanoparticles (23 nm particle size) in composite films. Laminate coatings with up to four layers were produced by sequential EPD, while composite coatings were obtained by electrophoretic co-deposition of carbon nanotubes and TiO₂ nanoparticles, respectively. Scanning electron microscopy was used to characterize the resultant microstructures. The mechanism of EPD of carbon nanotube/TiO₂ nanoparticle composites is discussed.     

Functional multi-walled carbon nanotube/polyaniline composite films as supports of platinum for formic acid electrooxidation

Embedding of carbon nanotubes in conducting polymeric matrices for various nanocomposites material is now a popular area. In this article, a concise chemical method has been described for the preparation of homogeneous nanocomposite of multi-walled carbon nanotube (MWNT)/polyaniline (PANI) by electrochemical codeposition. For this we functionalized the MWNTs via the diazotization reaction. This helped to disperse the nanotubes in aniline. The composite films were dispersed Pt by electrodeposition technique. The presence of MWNTs and platinum in the composite films was confirmed by XRD analysis and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). Four-point probe investigations revealed that the MWNT/PANI composite films exhibited a good conductivity. Cyclic voltammograms (CV) showed that Pt-modified MWNT/PANI composite films perform higher electrocatalytic activity and better long-term stability than Pt-modified pure PANI film toward formic acid oxidation. The results imply that the MWNT/PANI composite films as a promising support material improves the electrocatalytic activity for formic acid oxidation greatly.     

The effects of a static magnetic field on the microwave absorption of hydrogen plasma in carbon nanotubes： a numerical study

We theoretically investigate the microwave absorption properties of hydrogen plasma in iron-catalyzed high-pressure disproportionation-grown carbon nanotubes under an external static magnetic field in the frequency range 0.3 GHz to 30 GHz, using the Maxwell equations in conjunction with a general expression for the effective complex permittivity of magnetized plasma known as the Appleton-Hartree formula. The effects of the external static magnetic field intensity and the incident microwave propagation direction on the microwave absorption of hydrogen plasma in CNTs are studied in detail. The numerical results indicate that the microwave absorption properties of hydrogen plasma in iron-catalyzed high-pressure disproportionation-grown carbon nanotubes can be obviously improved when the exter- nal static magnetic field is applied to the material. It is found that the specified frequency microwave can be strongly absorbed by the hydrogen plasma in iron-catalyzed high-pressure disproportionation-grown carbon nanotubes over a wide range of incidence angles by adjusting the external magnetic field intensity and the parameters of the hydrogen plasma.     

Complex permittivity and microwave absorption properties of carbon nanotubes/polymer composite: A numerical study

Based on an equivalent resistance-capacitance (RC) network, we investigate theoretically the complex permittivity and microwave absorption properties of carbon nanotubes (CNTs)/polymer composite in the frequency range of 50 MHz-3 GHz using the logarithmic mixing rule. Both the real and imaginary parts of the permittivities of CNTs and polymer are considered in detail. The simulated results show that the real and imaginary permittivities of the composite increase explicitly with increasing volume fraction of CNTs, and the latter is more sensitive. The calculated complex permittivity spectra of the composite are in good agreement with the available experimental data. In addition, a good linear relationship between microwave absorbance and frequency is found.     

Synthesis, characterization and electrochemical behavior of polypyrrole/carbon nanotube composites using organometallic-functionalized carbon nanotubes

Thorn-like, organometallic-functionalized carbon nanotubes were successfully developed via a novel microwave hydrothermal route. The organometallic complex with methyl orange and iron (III) chloride served as reactive seed template, resulting in the oriented polymerization of pyrrole on the modified carbon nanotubes without the assistance of other oxidants. Morphological and structural characterizations of the carbon nanotube/methyl orange-iron (III) chloride and polypyrrole/carbon nanotube composites were examined using transmission electron microscopy (TEM), energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS), infrared spectroscopy and X-ray diffraction (XRD). The electrochemical property of the polypyrrole/carbon nanotube composite was elucidated by cyclic voltammetry and galvanostatic charge-discharge. A specific capacitance of 304 F g⁻¹ was obtained within the potential range of −0.5-0.5 V in 1 M KCl solution.     

聚苯胺与还原石墨烯复合材料的微波吸收性能

采用化学氧化法制备聚苯胺与还原石墨烯复合材料。复合材料的结构、晶型和电磁参数分别通过X射线衍射仪及HP8722ES型矢量网络分析仪进行表征、测试与分析。结果表明,同聚苯胺相比,聚苯胺与还原石墨烯复合材料的介电损耗明显增加。而且在复合材料中,石墨烯的含量越大,材料的微波吸收性能越好,在频率波段（9.5~13.4GHz）反射损耗均小于-10 dB,并在频率为11.2 GHz时达到最大反射损耗-29.69 dB。聚苯胺与还原石墨烯的复合使得材料的载流子迁移率变大,吸波特性得到改善。