平行映射下保测地线的曲面

利用古典微分几何方法,讨论了在平行映射下测地线不变的曲面若干局部性质;研究了该类曲面的测地坐标系,并最终得出满足该条件的曲面只有三类.     

椭球面上平面曲线类型的闭测地线

通过对椭球面上平截线的研究,找出了椭球面上所有平面曲线类型的闭测地线.     

由渐近线和测地线条件确定的两种螺旋线

在螺旋线的副法线面上,由一条特殊曲线分别成为渐近线和测地线的几何条件得到两种特殊的螺旋线.     

圆环面上测地线的稳定性

通过讨论圆环面上的测地线,研究在纤维缠绕时测地线的稳定性问题,按传统观点,测地线在曲面上是最稳定的,其意为一条弹性柔软的细线,在给定曲面上拉紧时,其形状应是测地线,且不会使曲线变形,上述提法仅在局部领域中成立,从整体角度分析,当拉紧弹性柔软细线时,将有两类不稳定测地线,第一类不稳定产生于过两点可以有多条测地线,另一类是缠绕的测地线位于曲面的凹侧,此时就会产生搭桥现象,这两类不稳定性在纤维缠绕中有着现实的意义,文章将对圆环面的测地线进行具体讨论。     

一类步数为2(k+1)的次黎曼流形上测地线的研究

构造了一类步数为2(k+1)的次黎曼流形,给出其上连接原点和t轴上一点测地线的条数和相应测地线的长度,同时得到其中最短的测地线.     

Morse指标和闭测地线的稳定性

令ind(c)为n+1维Riemann流形M上闭测地线c的Morse指标.我们证明:对于闭测地线c,如果它是定向的且n+ind(c)是奇数,或它是非定向的且n+ind(c)为偶数,则c不稳定.Poincaré的一个著名定理说Riemann面上的极小闭测地线是不稳定的,我们的结果是该结论的一个推广.     

双曲测地线与拟圆

设D是R2中的有界Jordan域,证明了D是拟圆当且仅当存在常数M≥1,对D中任意 两条不相交的闭双曲测地线段α1,α2,恒有mod(△(α1,α2;R2))≤Mmod(△(α1,α2;D)).     

万有Teichmuller空间中测地线的不唯一性

本文主要讨论万有Ｔｅｉｃｈｍｔｉｌｌｅｒ空间中的测地线问题，并给出了一些测地线不唯一的判断准则．特别地，证明了如下定理：设ｆ是单位圆△到自身上的极值拟共形映射，μ是它的复特征，如果存在常数ｋ．＜｜｜μ｜｜＿∞，使集合｛ｚ∈△：｜μ（Ｚ）｜≤ｋ｝有内点，则在万有Ｔｅｉｃｈｍｕｌｌｅｒ空间中，原点［０］与［μ］之间存在无穷多条测地线．     

凸域上拟双曲测地线直径的Gehring-Hayman 恒等式

利用型函数和最大项m（σ）的几何意义研究全平面上Dirichlet级数的增长性,得到了Dirichlet级数增长性与系数、指数之间关系的四个结论,推广了以往研究增长性的相关结果.     

测地线活动轮廓模型的图像分割快速算法

从最优化理论的角度来看,目前求解图像分割的测地线活动轮廓(geodesic active contour,GAC)模型大多采用固定步长的最速下降算法.而众所周知,该算法收敛速度较慢,这在能量泛函的梯度较小时尤为明显.对求解GAC模型的快速算法进行了研究.首先,回顾了GAC模型的演化方程;随后,将共轭梯度(conjugate gradient,CG)算法引入到GAC模型的求解中,形成一种新的求解图像分割问题的数值方法,即GAC模型的CG算法;最后,通过试验对比传统的数值方法,表明CG算法具有良好的收敛性.     

Closed Geodesics on Incomplete Surfaces

We consider the problem of finding embedded closed geodesics on the two-sphere with an incomplete metric defined outside a point. Various techniques including curve shortening methods are used The authors acknowledge the support of the Australian Research Council     

Geodesics in Heisenberg Groups

We obtain equations of geodesic lines in Heisenberg groups H²ⁿ⁺¹and prove that the ideal boundary of the Heisenberg group H²ⁿ⁺¹is a sphere S^2n-1with a natural CR-structure and corresponding Carnot-Carathéodory metric, i.e. it is a one-point compactification of the Heisenberg group H^2n-1of the next dimension in a row.     

On Manifolds Admitting Continuous Foliations by Geodesics

We show that complete, simply connected Riemannian manifolds admitting continuous foliations by geodesics with integrable orthogonal distributions are homeomorphic to products F×R. Moreover, the geodesics in the foliation are global minimizers.     

Sub-Riemannian Geodesics on the 3-D Sphere

The unit sphere can be identified with the unitary group SU(2). Under this identification the unit sphere can be considered as a non-commutative Lie group. The commutation relations for the vector fields of the corresponding Lie algebra define a 2-step sub-Riemannian manifold. We study sub-Riemannian geodesics on this sub-Riemannian manifold making use of the Hamiltonian formalism and solving the corresponding Hamiltonian system. The first author is partially supported by a research grant from the United State Army Research Office and a Hong Kong RGC competitive earmarked research grant #600607. The second and the third authors have been supported by the grant of the Norwegian Research Council #177355/V30, and by the European Science Foundation Research Networking Programme HCAA.     

The Geodesics of Metric Connections with Vectorial Torsion

The present note deals with the dynamics of metric connections with vectorial torsion, as already described by E. Cartan in 1925. We show that the geodesics of metric connections with vectorial torsion defined by gradient vector fields coincide with the Levi-Civita geodesics of a conformally equivalent metric. By pullback, this yields a systematic way of constructing invariants of motion for such connections from isometries of the conformally equivalent metric, and we explain in as much this result generalizes the Mercator projection which maps sphere loxodromes to straight lines in the plane. An example shows that Beltrami's theorem fails for this class of connections. We then study the system of differential equations describing geodesics in the plane for vector fields which are not gradients, and show among others that the Hopf–Rinow theorem does also not hold in general.     

Geodesics Closed On The Projective Plane

Given a C ^∞ Riemannian metric g on P ² we prove that (, g) has constant curvature iff all geodesics are closed. Therefore is the first non-trivial example of a manifold such that the smooth Riemannian metrics which involve that all geodesics are closed are unique up to isometries and scaling. This remarkable phenomenon is not true on the 2-sphere, since there is a large set of C ^∞ metrics whose geodesics are all closed and have the same period 2π (called Zoll metrics), but no metric of this set can be obtained from another metric of this set via an isometry and scaling. As a corollary we conclude that all two-dimensional P-manifolds are SC-manifolds. Received: April 2007; Revision: September 2007; Accepted: September 2007     

Geodesics as products of one-parameter subgroups in compact lie groups and homogeneous spaces

We study the geodesic equation for compact Lie groups G and homogeneous spaces $G/H$, and we prove that the geodesics are orbits of products $\exp (t{X}_1)\cdots \exp (t{X}_N)$ of one-parameter subgroups of G, provided that a simple algebraic condition for the Riemannian metric is satisfied. For the group $SO(3)$, we relate this type of geodesics to the free motion of a symmetric top. Moreover, by using series of Lie subgroups of G, we construct a wealth of metrics having the aforementioned type of geodesics.     

Simple Curves on Surfaces

We study simple closed geodesics on a hyperbolic surface of genus g with b geodesic boundary components and c cusps. We show that the number of such geodesics of length at most L is of order L^6g+2b+2c–6. This answers a long-standing open question.     

具有可反测地线的$(\alpha,\beta)$-度量

本文我们得到了$(\alpha,\beta)$-度量的测地系数$G^{i}(x,y)$和其逆$G^{i}(x,-y)$有相同Douglas曲率的充分必要条件.这个充分必要条件恰好是$(\alpha,\beta)$-度量具有可反测地线的充分必要条件.