具有离散性的连续性模型映射

为了实现在连续性空间中的离散分段问题,采用解决离散性问题的方法虚拟构造连续性集合,将连续性问题映射为分段的离散问题,根据集合中元素的离散特性实现连续性模型的分段求解.通过数据结构的设计与压缩路径的算法证实,模型的映射能够解决实际问题的分段求解.     

Quasiconformal groups with small dilatation I

We study Fuchsian quasiconformal groups with small dilatation. For this class of groups we establish a Jørgensen-type inequality in all dimensions. We show discreteness persists to the limit under algebraic convergence and that such groups are discrete if and only if every two generator subgroup is discrete.

     

偶阶非对称微分算子离散谱准则

本文研究了由2n阶复系数J-对称微分算式生成的J-自伴微分算子谱的离散性,分别得到了一类J-自伴微分算子谱离散的充分条件与必要条件,为判断一类微分算子谱的离散性提供了若干准则．     

一类自伴微分算子谱的离散性

本文研究了２ｎ阶实系数Ｅｕｌｅｒ微分算式生成的对称微分算子,得到了自伴Ｅｕｌｅｒ微分算子的谱是离散的充分必要条件．     

Vlasov limit and discreteness effects in cosmological N-body simulations

We present the problematic of controlling the discreteness effects in cosmological N-body simulations. We describe a perturbative treatment which gives an approximation describing the evolution under self-gravity of a lattice perturbed from its equilibrium, which allows to trace the evolution of the fully discrete distribution until the time when particles approach one another (“shell-crossing”). Perturbed lattices are typical initial conditions for cosmological N-body simulations and thus we can describe precisely the early time evolution of these simulations. A quantitative comparison with fluid Lagrangian theory permits to study discreteness effects in the linear regime of the simulations. We show finally some work in progress about quantifying discreteness effects in the non-perturbative (highly non-linear) regime of cosmological N-body simulations by evolving different discretizations of the same continuous density field.     

Euler微分算子谱是离散的充分必要条件

本文在研究一类高阶微分算子谱的离散性的基础上研究了2n阶实系数Euler微分算式生成的对称微分算子,进一步完善了自伴Euler微分算子的谱是离散的充分必要条件.     

非定常不可压Navier-Stokes方程两重网格方法的稳定性和L2误差估计

讨论了二维非定常不可压Navier-Stokes方程的两重网格方法．此方法包括在粗网格上求解一个非线性问题,在细网格上求解一个Stokes问题．采用一种新的全离散(时间离散用Crank-Nicolson格式,空间离散用混合有限元方法)格式数值求解N-S方程．证明了该全离散格式的稳定性．给出了L2误差估计．对比标准有限元方法,在保持同样精度的前提下,TGM能节省大量的计算量．     

Independence results in formal topology

We analyze a family of games by using formal topology as a tool. In order to win any game in the family one has to find a sequence of moves leading to one of the final states for that game. Thus, two results are relevant to the topic: to find terminating strategies and/or to show that every strategy is terminating. We will show that the language of formal topology can be useful to represent in a topological framework both of the problems, and in particular that the property of termination of all the strategies for a game is equivalent to the discreteness of a suitable formal space. Finally, we will provide some examples of games which are terminating according to any strategy, that is, such that the associated formal spaces are discrete, but the first order formulas expressing such a discreteness cannot be proved in Peano Arithmetic.     

Duality between compactness and discreteness beyond pontryagin duality

One of the most striking results of Pontryagin’s duality theory is the duality between compact and discrete locally compact abelian groups. This duality also persists in part for objects associated with noncommutative topological groups. In particular, it is well known that the dual space of a compact topological group is discrete, while the dual space of a discrete group is quasicompact (i.e., it satisfies the finite covering theorem but is not necessarily Hausdorff). The converse of the former assertion is also true, whereas the converse of the latter is not (there are simple examples of nondiscrete locally compact solvable groups of height 2 whose dual spaces are quasicompact and non-Hausdorff (they are T ₁ spaces)). However, in the class of locally compact groups all of whose irreducible unitary representations are finite-dimensional, a group is discrete if and only if its dual space is quasicompact (and is automatically a T ₁ space). The proof is based on the structural theorem for locally compact groups all of whose irreducible unitary representations are finite-dimensional. Certain duality between compactness and discreteness can also be revealed in groups that are not necessarily locally compact but are unitarily, or at least reflexively, representable, provided that (in the simplest case) the irreducible representations of a group form a sufficiently large family and have jointly bounded dimensions. The corresponding analogs of compactness and discreteness cannot always be easily identified, but they are still duals of each other to some extent.     

Motion of Discrete Interfaces Through Mushy Layers

We study the geometric motion of sets in the plane derived from the homogenization of discrete ferromagnetic energies with weak inclusions. We show that the discrete sets are composed by a ‘bulky’ part and an external ‘mushy region’ composed only of weak inclusions. The relevant motion is that of the bulky part, which asymptotically obeys to a motion by crystalline mean curvature with a forcing term, due to the energetic contribution of the mushy layers, and pinning effects, due to discreteness. From an analytical standpoint, it is interesting to note that the presence of the mushy layers implies only a weak and not strong convergence of the discrete motions, so that the convergence of the energies does not commute with the evolution. From a mechanical standpoint it is interesting to note the geometrical similarity of some phenomena in the cooling of binary melts.     

Riemannian Submersions with Discrete Spectrum

We prove some estimates on the spectrum of the Laplacian of the total space of a Riemannian submersion in terms of the spectrum of the Laplacian of the base and the geometry of the fibers. When the fibers of the submersions are compact and minimal, we prove that the spectrum of the Laplacian of the total space is discrete if and only if the spectrum of the Laplacian of the base is discrete. When the fibers are not minimal, we prove a discreteness criterion for the total space in terms of the relative growth of the mean curvature of the fibers and the mean curvature of the geodesic spheres in the base. We discuss in particular the case of warped products.     

One-dimensional Schrödinger operator with <Emphasis Type="Italic">δ</Emphasis>-interactions

The one-dimensional Schrödinger operator H _X,α with δ-interactions on a discrete set is studied in the framework of the extension theory. Applying the technique of boundary triplets and the corresponding Weyl functions, we establish a connection of these operators with a certain class of Jacobi matrices. The discovered connection enables us to obtain conditions for the self-adjointness, lower semiboundedness, discreteness of the spectrum, and discreteness of the negative part of the spectrum of the operator H _X,α .     

本刊英文版Vol.29(2013),No.3论文摘要

<正>The Discrete Subgroups and Jφrgensen's Inequality for SL(m,C_p) Wei Yuan QIUJing Hua YANGYong Cheng YIN Abstract In this paper,we give discreteness criteria of subgroups of the special linear group on Q_p or C_p in two and higher dimensions.Jφrgensen's inequality gives a necessary condition for a non-elementary group of Mbius transformations to be discrete.We give a version     

Asymptotics of the Distribution of Eigenvalues of a Selfadjoint Second Order Hyperbolic Differential Operator on the Two-Dimensional Torus

We study the asymptotic properties of the discrete spectrum for general selfadjoint second order hyperbolic operators on the two-dimensional torus. For a broad class of operators with sufficiently smooth coefficients and the principal part coinciding with the wave operator in the light cone coordinates we prove the discreteness of the spectrum and obtain an asymptotic formula for the distribution of eigenvalues. In some cases we can indicate the first two asymptotic terms. We discuss the relations of these questions to analytic number theory and mathematical physics.     

高阶加权微分算子谱的离散性

本文研究了加权的高阶微分算子的谱. 利用分解的方法和不等式的估计, 得到了一些高阶对称微分算子的任何自共轭扩张的谱离散的充分条件, 推广了 Pfeiffer , Sun, Glazman 等人的结果,利用这些结果可以判别某些微分算子谱的离散性.     

Equational fragments of systems for arithmetic

We investigate the equational fragments of formal systems for arithmetic by means of the equational theory of f-rings and of their positive cones, starting from the observation that a model of arithmetic is the positive cone of a discretely ordered ring. A consequence of the discreteness of the order is the presence of a discriminator, which allows us to derive many properties of the models of our equational theories. For example, the spectral topology of discrete f-rings is a Stone topology. We also characterize the equational fragment of Iopen, and we obtain an equational version of G?del's First Incompleteness Theorem. Finally, we prove that the lattice of subvarieties of the variety of discrete f-rings is uncountable, and that the lattice of filters of the countably generated distributive free lattice can be embedded into it. Received April 17, 1998; accepted in final form January 23, 2001.     

Nesterov’s smoothing technique and minimizing differences of convex functions for hierarchical clustering

A bilevel hierarchical clustering model is commonly used in designing optimal multicast networks. In this paper, we consider two different formulations of the bilevel hierarchical clustering problem, a discrete optimization problem which can be shown to be NP-hard. Our approach is to reformulate the problem as a continuous optimization problem by making some relaxations on the discreteness conditions. Then Nesterov’s smoothing technique and a numerical algorithm for minimizing differences of convex functions called the DCA are applied to cope with the nonsmoothness and nonconvexity of the problem. Numerical examples are provided to illustrate our method.     

The discrete subgroups and Jørgensen’s inequality for SL(m,ℂ p )

In this paper, we give discreteness criteria of subgroups of the special linear group on ? _p or ? _p in two and higher dimensions. Jørgensen’s inequality gives a necessary condition for a non-elementary group of Möbius transformations to be discrete. We give a version of Jørgensen’s inequality for SL(m,? _p ).     

Topological aspects of the Medvedev lattice

We study the Medvedev degrees of mass problems with distinguished topological properties, such as denseness, closedness, or discreteness. We investigate the sublattices generated by these degrees; the prime ideal generated by the dense degrees and its complement, a prime filter; the filter generated by the nonzero closed degrees and the filter generated by the nonzero discrete degrees. We give a complete picture of the relationships of inclusion holding between these sublattices, these filters, and this ideal. We show that the sublattice of the closed Medvedev degrees is not a Brouwer algebra. We investigate the dense degrees of mass problems that are closed under Turing equivalence, and we prove that the dense degrees form an automorphism base for the Medvedev lattice. The results hold for both the Medvedev lattice on the Baire space and the Medvedev lattice on the Cantor space.     

Interior transmission eigenvalue problem with refractive index having C2-transition to the background medium

The interior transmission eigenvalue problem for scalar acoustics is studied for a new class of refractive index. Existence of an infinite discrete set of transmission eigenvalues in the case that the acoustic properties of a domain D???? ⁿ are allowed to have a C ²-transition to the homogeneous background medium is established. It is shown that the transmission problem has a weak formulation on certain weighted Sobolev spaces for this class of refractive index. The weak formulation and the discreteness of the spectrum is justified by using the Hardy inequality to prove compact imbedding theorems. Existence of transmission eigenvalues is demonstrated by investigating a generalized eigenvalue problem associated with the weak formulation.