催化动力学光度法测定痕量钯

在磷酸－磷酸二氢钾缓冲溶液中，以钯（Ⅱ）催化次磷酸钠还原罗丹明Ｂ褪色为指示反应，建立了痕量钯的动力学光度分析新方法。在金（Ⅱ）的存在下，检测下限达５×１０＾－１１ｇ／ｍＬ钯（Ⅲ），方法应用于模拟合金样和含钯分子筛中钯的测定。结果满意。     

淋洗液自动发生-离子色谱法测定重整催化剂中氯的含量

建立了重整催化剂中氯含量的淋洗液自动发生-离子色谱测定方法.以4 mL 7.5 mol/L NaOH溶液提取重整催化剂中Cl-,以淋洗液自动发生装置产生的KOH溶液为流动相,进行离子色谱法测定.结果表明,溶液中Cl-线性关系良好,相关系数为0.9999,测定结果的RSD小于0.76%,加标回收率为98.7%～102.8...     

Catalytic Oxidative Conversion from Naphthol to 2-Hydroxy-1, 4-naphthoquinone over Iron Porphyrin Catalysts by Molecular Oxygen in an Alkaline 2-Propanol Solution

In an alkaline 2-propanol solution with 5, 10,15,20-tetra (4-methoxyl phenyl) porphyrin iron chloride (TOMPPFeCl) as a catalyst and oxygen as a cheap green oxidant, 2-naphthol was conversed to 2-hydroxy-1 ,4-naphthoquinone(HNQ) with a yield of 62. 17% and a selectivity of 100%, and the conversion number of TMOPPFeCl catalyst was 8.32/min. The catalytic oxidation products were characterized by means of UVVis, IR, GC-MS, ^1H NMR and melting point determination. In this catalytic oxidation, the catalytic activity of TMOPPFeCl was researched in detail and the reacting conditions were optimized. A possible reaction mechanism is summarized based on in situ EPR determination.     

Simulation of the kinetics of complex heterogeneous catalytic reactions under diffusion limitations

A method is suggested for determining kinetic parameters of arbitrary complex heterogeneous catalytic reactions under conditions such that the reaction rate is significantly affected by heat and mass transfer to and in the catalyst pellets. Linear relationships are established between the concentrations of the key and dependent reactants (diffusion stoichiometry relationships) and between temperature and the concentrations of the key components. A solution procedure is suggested for the problems involved in the determination of kinetic parameters for reactions proceeding under diffusion limitations. The procedure is illustrated by analysis of data earlier reported for steam methane reforming over a nickel catalyst.     

An automatic absorptiometric method for the determination of nitrate

A method has been developed for the determination of nitrate with the Technicon Autoanalyser in the range 2–10 p.p.m. The method depends on the reduction of nitrate to nitrite by hydrazine in alkaline solution, with copper as a catalyst. The nitrite produced diazotises sulphanilamide and the product is coupled with N-(1-naphthyl) ethylenediamine, to give a red dye, the absorbance of which is measured at 550 mμ. A relative standard deviation of 3–4% is obtained.     

Sensitivity improvement of ammonia determination based on flow-injection indophenol spectrophotometry with manganese(II) ion as a catalyst and analysis of exhaust gas of thermal power plant.

The sensitivity improvement of a flow-injection spectrophotometric method for the determination of ammonia was examined based on an indophenol blue coloration reaction with salicylate and hypochlorite in the presence of manganese(II) as a reaction promotion catalyst. The optimal conditions for achieving higher sensitivity of ammonia determination were examined using a three-line flow system. The limit of detection corresponding to a signal-to-noise ratio (S/N) of 3 was 0.005 mg l(-1) (approximately equal to 5 ppb) of NH4+. A calibration graph was linear in the range from 5 ppb to 1,000 ppb of ammonium ion. The relative standard deviations (n = 9) for 50 ppb and 100 ppb of ammonium ion were 6.4% and 2.2%, respectively. The proposed method was applied to the determination of ammonia in the exhaust gas of a thermal power plant. Prior to the FIA determination, ammonia in the exhaust gas was absorbed into a boric acid solution; the absorption solution was then analyzed by the proposed FIA.     

Simultaneous Laser Thermal Lens Spectrometric Determination of Trace Platinum and Palladium in an Aquesous Solution

A selective and sensitive method for determination of platinum and palladium(Ⅱ）in an aqueous solution simultaneously by laser thermal lens spectrometry,based on the complex reaction of 2-(3,5-dichloropyridylazo)-5-dimethylaminoamiline(3,5-diCl-PADMA) with platinum and palladium,has been developed.It is shown that the palladium complex can be fromed at room temperature, while the platinum complex can be only formed after being heated in a boiling water bath.By using this difference of reaction temperature and the characteristic of the complexes mentioned above,the method for simultaneous determination of platinum and palladium was established in an aqueous solution without a pre-separation.The results show that the dynamic linear ranges of determination for platinum and palladium are 0.005-0.04μg/mL and 0.005-0.25μg/mL respectively,and that the detection limits are both 0.002/μg/mL.The method has been applied to the determination of platinum and palladium simultaneously in alloy and catalyst samples with satisfactory results.     

火焰原子吸收光谱法测定天然气转化催化剂中的氧化钾

建立火焰原子吸收光谱法测定天然气转化催化剂中氧化钾的分析方法。该方法将催化剂样品和助溶剂四硼酸锂熔融后再用盐酸溶解定容,采用火焰原子吸收光谱仪对样品溶液进行测定。在优化的实验条件下,钾离子的质量浓度在0.05~0.50 mg/L范围内与吸光度呈良好线性关系,相关系数为0.9995。钾的方法检出限为0.001 mg/L,定量限为0.01 mg/L,测定结果的相对标准偏差为2.6%~4.3%(n=6),样品加标回收率为97.8%~102.3%。与HG/T 3543-2014中的酸溶制样法相比,该方法能够将催化剂样品中的难溶钾盐溶出,分析结果准确度更高,可用于天然气转化催化剂中氧化钾含量的测定。     

Analytical applications of crown ethers : I. Oxidation and determination of benzaldehyde

The use of dicyclohexyl-18-crown-6 (DCC) as charge transfer reagent for the oxidation of benzaldehyde in organic solvents by aqueous solution of potassium permanganate is presented. The oxidation in the presence of a catalyst is found to be quantitative and suitable for the determination of benzaldehyde. Results for the determination of benzaldehyde in benzene and cyclohexane are given.     

Determination of phosphite,hypophosphite, tellurium and mercury

A new catalytic oxidation procedure, involving the use of a cerium(IV) sulfate reagent in perchloric acid with a mixed silver(I)—manganese(II) perchlorate catalyst, has been developed for the determination of phosphite, hypophosphite, and tellurium. By this method 15—100 mg of phosphite, 5—35 mg of hypophosphite, and 10—105 mg of tellurium may be determined with standard deviations of ±0.17, ±0.32, and ±0.21% respectively. A direct titration procedure for mercury(I) is described using a ceric perchlorate solution as titrant with the mixed catalyst system. Samples from 65–510 mg may be analyzed with a standard deviation of ±0.36%.     

Evaluation of peroxide value of olive oil and antioxidant activity by luminol chemiluminescence

Three procedures are developed and investigated for the simple and fast determination of peroxide value of olive oil by luminol chemiluminescence. The procedure using hemin as catalyst in carbonate alkaline solution allows the determination of hydrogen peroxide within the range 0.014-50 μM. The method can be used for the determination of peroxide value within the range 2.00-30.0 mequiv. O₂/kg oil and results correlate very well (r² = 0.99) with those of the official method. All reagents are aqueous solutions and olive oil is dissolved in acetone:ethanol mixed solution and, hence, the method is using minimal amounts of organic solvents and can be successfully applied to field analysis. Antioxidant activity of five common compounds found in natural products was determined by using luminol CL with Co(II) as EDTA complex as catalyst at pH 9.00.     

Solid-phase luminescent catalyst immunoassay for human serum albumin with hemin as labeling catalyst

A solid-phase luminescent catalyst immunoassay is described for the determination of human serum albumin (HSA) in solution; hemin is used as a label which catalytically amplifies the sensitivity. The method is essentially a non-radioactive and non-enzymatic sandwich immunoassay. Anti-HSA antibody is covalently bound to a transparent plate, which then undergoes the immunochemical reaction with HSA in the test solution, and with the fixed amount of hemin-labeled anti-HSA antibody. After the two-step immunoreaction, the immunochemically-adsorbed hemin-antibody conjugate is quantified by means of the luminescence produced in a solution containing luminol and hydrogen peroxide. The luminescence intensity is correlated with the amount of HSA. The limit of detection for HSA is 1 ng ml^-1.     

Dioctadecyldimethylammonium Chloride Bilayer Membrane Vesicle-Enhanced and Manganese (II)-Catalyzed Chemiluminescence for Determination of Adrenaline by a Flow-Injection Method

Abstract

A new chemiluminescence system reinforced by use of a surfactant and a metal catalyst is demonstrated for selective determination of adrenaline by a flow-injection method. The weak light emission originating from an aerobic oxidation of adrenaline in an alkaline solution is dramatically enhanced by ordered surfactant molecular assemblies, dioctadecyldimethylammonium chloride bilayer membrane vesicles, with the largest enhancement factor of 1000 which has not ever been realized. The enhanced emission is further increased by a Mn(II) catalyst with an enhancement factor of ca. 40. The limit of determination(S/N=2) is 1×10^?8M (0.2 ng in 100-μ1 injection), the linear range is four ordrers of magnitude, the sample throughput is 100 h^?1. and the relative standard deviation(n=5) is 0.9 % for 5×10^?7M adrenaline. Of other substances including dopamine, noradrenaline, and related compounds, p-hydroxymandelenic acid chemiluminesces most strongly after adrenaline, the 1×10^?3M solution providing a signal 24% of that for 1×10^?6M adrenaline.     

The determination of microgram quantities of organic nitrogen

A method is descriibed for the determination of microgram quantities of nitrogen in a wide variety of materials. This method involves the Kjeldahl procedure for the conversion of nitrogen to ammonium or amine sulphate. Digestion of the sample with concentrated sulphuric acid and catalyst, and, if necessary, pretreatment with hydriodic acid and red phosphorus, are followed by steam-distillation into a dilute acid solution. The final determination depends on the reaction of ammonia, in a suitably buffered solution, with sodium hypobromite reagent, and measurement of the excess reagent by titration of the iodine liberated by it from acidified potassium iodide, with a standard $\text{N}\text{500}$ sodium thiosulphate solution, using sodium starch glycollate indicator.Since sample size is relatively unrestricted and the final titration can measure 5 micrograms of nitrogen, the sensitivity of the method is very high.Reference is made to existing sub-micro methodes which, although sensitive, are time-consuming and specific in application.     

次亚磷酸钠分离-重铬酸钾容量法测定钨尾矿中砷含量

选矿中产生的钨尾矿长期堆放,经过雨水冲刷,钨尾矿中的砷会进入到水土中,造成环境污染,准确测定钨尾矿中砷含量,利于监测钨尾矿中砷对环境的污染程度。采用硝酸-氯酸钾饱和溶液和氟化铵溶液分解样品,再用硫酸溶液冒烟赶尽硝酸,在盐酸介质中,以硫酸铜为催化剂,用次亚磷酸钠将砷离子还原成元素态,析出的砷过滤分离,除去其他杂质。在硫酸溶液中,用过量的重铬酸钾标准溶液滴定溶解单质砷,过量的重铬酸钾以二苯胺磺酸钠为指示剂,用硫酸亚铁标准溶液反滴定。通过优化样品溶解条件和砷沉淀还原条件,建立了次亚磷酸钠分离-重铬酸钾容量法测定钨尾矿中砷含量的分析方法。通过测定滤液中的砷含量,考察了滤液中砷含量对砷测定结果的影响,可忽略不计,表明实验中砷沉淀完全。通过沉淀单质砷,过滤使砷与杂质元素分离,消除了杂质元素对砷测定的影响。运用重铬酸钾容量法测定3个钨尾矿样品中的砷,并进行加标回收实验,测定结果的相对标准偏差（RSD,n=11）在0.14%～2.1%,加标回收率在97%～101%。方法操作简单、精密度高,适合钨尾矿中高含量砷的测定,测定结果与碱融分离-碘量法结果基本一致。     

Colorimetric determination of chromium in titanium alloys

Chromium-titanium alloys are becoming increasingly important because of their strength and corrosion, resistance. Therefore, accurate methods for the determination of chromium in this type of alloy are needed. A colorimetric procedure for the determination of chromium in titanium alloys is proposed. In this method the chromium is oxidised to the chromate state by means of ammonium persulfate and potassium permanganate in the presence of silver nitrate as a catalyst. Diphenylcarbazide is then added to an aliquot of the solution, and the violet color read in 10 to 40 minutes at 580 millimicrons. None of the elements found in commercial titanium alloys, including iron, vanadium, molybdenum, and tungsten, interferes with the method. The proposed method is superior to the volumetric method for the determination of small amounts of chromium. The method is designed for titanium. alloys containing 0.02 to 4 per cent chromium.     

钌(Ⅱ)-2-(5-溴-2-吡啶偶氮)-5-二甲氨基苯胺显色反应的研究

研究了钌 ( )与 2 - ( 5-溴 - 2 -吡啶偶氮 ) - 5-二甲氨基苯胺 (简称为 5- Br-PADMA)的显色反应。在 p H4.2～ 6.2的醋酸 -醋酸钠缓冲溶液中 ,盐酸羟胺存在并加热条件下 ,Ru( )可与试剂形成绿蓝色配合物 ,加酸酸化后 ,其最大吸收峰位于 61 9nm,表观摩尔吸光系数达 9.2 7× 1 0 4 L· mol-1· cm-1。钌 ( )浓度在 0～ 0 .80 mg/L范围内符合比尔定律。利用 EDTA作掩蔽剂 ,可允许较大量的常见金属离子存在。方法已用于样品中微量钌的测定     

ICP-AES法测定加氢催化剂中的元素

本文论述了应用ICP-AES法测定加氢催化剂中的主要及次要组分的分析技术。考察了样品处理、测定条件及各种干扰。并确定在硝酸溶液中以H_2O_2为氧化剂、醋酸为催化剂,使S直接氧化成硫酸根的方法。ICP-AES同时测定试液中的S,P,Zn,Mo,Co,Ni,Cu,Ti,Fe及As。其含量为1—30%时,相对标准偏差<5%;1%以下时,相对标准偏差<13%。     

Quantitative determination of the chemical composition of silica-poly(norbornene) nanocomposites

Nanoparticle hybrid materials consisting of a silica core surrounded by a poly(norbornene) brush have been prepared by ring opening metathesis polymerization (ROMP). A quantitative determination of each stage of composite formation has been accomplished, including a determination of the density of surface-bound functional groups, catalyst molecules, and polymer chains. This analysis has enabled the determination of the reaction efficiency between the catalyst and the surface-bound functional groups as well as the determination of the fraction of metal-mediating species that initiate a polymer chain. Control of the chain density was demonstrated by two methods: the use of controlled reaction times between the catalyst and the surface, and the variation of the surface functional group density. Polymer chain densities resulting from composites prepared with different tether structures will also be reported. The resulting brush densities were found to span a wide range, including those previously reported for polymer layers formed by adsorption, grafting of preformed polymer chains, and surface-initiated polymerization (SIP).     

Dichromate method for the determination of chemical oxygen demand

The oxidizability of organic substances of different classes was studied under the conditions of an official procedure for the determination of chemical oxygen demand (COD) with and without using Ag₂SO₄ as a catalyst. Organic substances can be divided into three groups: easily oxidizable compounds that are oxidized by 80–100% without a catalyst; medium-oxidizable compounds that are oxidized by 40–80% in the absence of a catalyst; and hardly oxidizable compounds that are oxidized by less than 40% without a catalyst. It was shown that, in the presence of a catalyst, not all organic substances are completely oxidized; therefore, the verification of the results of the determination of COD using easily oxidizable potassium hydrophthalate and glucose cannot be reliable in the presence of more hardly oxidizable substances. A standard mixture containing ethylene glycol, acetic acid, dimethylformamide, and nitrobenzene was proposed to verify the results of determining COD in waters of any type. The error in COD values found in a standard mixture varied in the range from 15 to 840 mg O/L. A modified procedure for the determination of COD in pure waters was proposed.