N-溴代丁二酰亚胺催化水杨醛与麦氏酸反应合成香豆素-3-羧酸

室温条件下、水和乙醇的混合液中,N-溴代丁二酰亚胺(NBS)促进2-羟基苯甲醛与麦氏酸连续发生Knoevenagel缩合反应和分子内环化反应,高产率地合成了一系列的香豆素-3-羧酸.该方法扩展了可用于合成香豆素-3-羧酸的催化剂的种类,同时还具有催化剂廉价易得、反应条件清洁环保、底物适用性广、后处理简单和产物易于纯化等优点.     

4-羟基-3-(2-亚氨基乙基)-2H-苯并吡喃-2-酮类化合物的超声辐射合成

以乙醇为溶剂,4-羟基-3-乙酰基香豆素和胺为原料,对甲苯磺酸为催化剂,在超声波作用下合成一系列4-羟基-3-(2-亚氨基乙基)-2H-苯并吡喃-2-酮类化合物,产率62%~94%。 对产物进行了IR、1H NMR及HRMS表征,对化合物3c进行了X射线衍射分析。 该方法具有反应产率高、时间短、反应条件温和及操作简单等优点。     

温和条件下以芳基胺为原料CuI催化下区域选择性合成3-芳基香豆素（英文）

以香豆素和芳香胺为原料,在温和条件下通过CuI催化合成3-芳基香豆素衍生物.该合成方法简单地利用易得的原料为底物,廉价的金属作为催化剂,提供具有良好官能团耐受性的3-芳基香豆素,产率适中或较高.此外,控制实验表明该反应是通过自由基途径进行的.     

L-脯氨酸催化的香豆素-3-羧酸的“一锅法”合成

用二甲亚砜为溶剂,L-脯氨酸为催化剂,能简便高效地催化水杨醛与丙二酸二乙酯发生Knoevenagel缩合反应得到香豆素-3-羧酸乙酯,之后加入氢氧化钾进行水解,浓盐酸酸化得到香豆素-3-羧酸。本方法具有易于操作,反应收率较高,后处理方便,反应时间短,催化剂和溶剂廉价易得,绿色环保等优点。     

8(或6)-氯-7-羟基-4-甲基香豆素及其衍生物的合成

以2(或4)-氯间苯二酚和乙酰乙酸乙酯为原料,通过Pechmann缩合反应,合成了新的8(或6)-氯-7-羟基-4-甲基香豆素(1a或1b); 1经硫酸二甲酯甲基化得2a或2b; 以四正丁基溴化铵作相转移催化剂,1经Williamson反应合成了6个新的氯代香豆素衍生物(3a～6a, 3b, 4b),产率66%～92%.1～6的结构经1H NMR, IR和GC-MS表征.     

无溶剂条件下香豆素类化合物的绿色合成

以乙酰乙酸乙酯和间苯二酚为原料,固体NaHSO_4·H_2O为催化剂,无溶剂条件下通过Pechmann反应合成7-羟基-4-甲基香豆素;并对反应温度、反应时间、催化剂用量、原料配比等因素对产率的影响进行了探究。实验证明,在无溶剂条件下,NaHSO_4·H_2O是合成7-羟基-4-甲基香豆素的良好催化剂,正交实验法得出反应的最优条件为:反应温度为110℃,反应时间40 min,n(间苯二酚)/n(乙酰乙酸乙酯)=1∶1.2,催化剂用量相对于间苯二酚用量的20%mol,产品的收率为81.8%。     

微波辐射下氨磺酸催化水相合成3,3-亚芳基双(4-羟基香豆素)

在水介质中, 用氨磺酸作催化剂并经微波辐射, 使芳醛与4-羟基香豆素反应合成3,3-亚芳基双(4-羟基香豆素), 具有催化剂易得、环境友好、后处理简便、反应时间短和产率高等优点.     

重氮化反应高效合成1H-吲唑-3-羧酸衍生物

报道了邻氨基苯乙酰胺和邻氨基苯乙酸酯在重氮化试剂作用下直接转化为对应的1H-吲唑-3-羧酸衍生物.该反应操作简单,反应条件温和,反应迅速,产率高,底物范围广,为1H-吲唑-3-羧酸衍生物的合成提供了一种更加高效简洁的新方法.该方法被成功应用于药物分子格拉司琼和氯尼达明的合成,分别以46%和60%的总收率得到了目标产物.初步的机理研究表明重氮盐是该反应的关键中间体.     

微波辐射下"一锅煮"法合成2-氨基-3-氰基-4-芳基-4H,5H-吡喃-[3,2-c]苯并吡喃-5-酮

以芳醛、4-羟基香豆素、丙二腈为原料,乙醇为能量转移剂,哌啶为催化剂,在微波辐射下一步合成了一系列2-氨基-3-氰基-4-芳基-4H,5H-吡喃-[3,2-c]苯并吡喃-5-酮,反应在40～60s时间内完成,产率60%～97%.     

磷酸二氢钾催化Yonemitsu缩合反应合成5-[(3-吲哚基)-芳甲基]-2,2-二甲基-1,3-二噁烷-4,6-二酮衍生物

以醛、吲哚和麦氏酸为原料,水和乙醇混合液为溶剂,在室温搅拌条件下以磷酸二氢钾为催化剂通过Yonemitsu缩合反应,合成了一系列的5-[(3-吲哚基)-芳甲基]-2,2-二甲基-1,3-二噁烷-4,6-二酮衍生物,产率为48%~98%,并通过X射线单晶衍射仪测定了化合物4o的晶体结构。 该方法能够有效的促使反应活性较低的4-甲基苯甲醛和4-甲氧基苯甲醛参与反应,以83%和60%的收率获得相应的目标产物,并具有反应条件温和、催化剂廉价易得、后处理简单、产物易于纯化、产率较高等优点,可用于合成3-取代吲哚类化合物。     

Silver-catalyzed facile decarboxylation of coumarin-3-carboxylic acids

A simple and highly efficient protocol with mild reaction conditions has been developed that allows the smooth protiodecarboxylation of diversely functionalized coumarin-3-carboxylic acids. In the presence of catalytic amounts of Ag₂CO₃ and acetic acid, even un-activated coumarin-3-carboxylic acids were converted in good to excellent yields and with great preparative ease to the corresponding coumarin derivatives.     

PhI(OAc)2/I2-Mediated Decarboxylative C4-Amination of Coumarin-3-Carboxylic Acids via Csp2−H Dehydrogenative C−N Cross-Coupling under Ambient Conditions

An efficient and straightforward protocol for accessing a new series of functionalized 4-aminocoumarins from PIDA/I₂-mediated decarboxylative C₄-amination of coumarin-3-carboxylic acids via direct C_sp2−H dehydrogenative C−N cross-coupling with secondary amines under ambient conditions has been accomplished. The notable advantages of this protocol are the tolerance of diverse functional groups, mild reaction conditions at ambient temperature, moderate to good yields, short reaction times (in minutes), high regioselectivity, gram-scale applicability, and eco-friendliness. This is the first report of decarboxylative C_sp2−H cross-dehydrogenative C−N coupling of coumarin-3-carboxylic acids for synthesizing 4-aminocoumarins.     

Palladium-catalyzed domino protodecarboxylation/oxidative Heck reaction: regioselective arylation of coumarin-3-carboxylic acids

A protocol for straightforward and step-economical synthesis of neoflavones from coumarin-3-carboxylic acids is developed. This approach enables controlled protodecarboxylation/regioselective C–H arylation of coumain-3-carboxylic acids in one-pot using a monometallic catalytic system. A wide variety of electron-donating and -withdrawing substituents on both coumarins and arylboronic acid are tolerated under the reaction conditions and 4-aryl coumarins are constructed in high yields.     

SOLID STATE SYNTHESIS OF SUBSTITUTED COUMARIN-3-CARBOXYLIC ACIDS VIA THE KNOEVENAGEL CONDENSATION UNDER MICROWAVE IRRADIATION

Synthesis of substituted coumarin-3-carboxylic acids using the Knovenagel reaction of malonic acid and O-hydroxyaryl aldehydes supported onto HZSM-5 zeolite under microwave irradiation is described.     

Synthesis of coumarin-3-O-acylisoureas by dicyclohexylcarbodiimide

The synthesis and isolation of some O-acylisoureas are described. The reaction between dicyclohexyl-carbodiimide and coumarin-3-carboxylic acids leads to coumarin-dicyclohexylisourea derivatives, isolated as the main products, and to coumarin-dicyclohexylurea derivatives as byproducts.     

Synthesis of 2-(alkylamino)-5-{alkyl[(2-oxo-2H-chromen-3-yl)carbonyl]amino}-3,4-furandicarboxylates using a multi-component reaction in water

A simple synthesis of 2-(alkylamino)-5-{alkyl[(2-oxo-2H-chromen-3-yl)carbonyl]amino}-3,4-furandicarboxylates via a one-pot multi-component reaction is described. The reactive 1:1 zwitterionic intermediate generated from the addition of isocyanides to dialkyl acetylenedicarboxylates was trapped at room temperature by coumarin-3-carboxylic acids prepared in situ from a 2-hydroxy aromatic aldehyde and Meldrum’s acid to afford the title compounds in good to excellent yields.     

Doubly Decarboxylative Synthesis of 4-(Pyridylmethyl)chroman-2-ones and 2-(Pyridylmethyl)chroman-4-ones under Mild Reaction Conditions

The doubly decarboxylative Michael–type addition of pyridylacetic acid to chromone-3-carboxylic acids or coumarin-3-carboxylic acids has been developed. This protocol has been realized under Brønsted base catalysis, providing biologically interesting 4-(pyridylmethyl)chroman-2-ones and 2-(pyridylmethyl)chroman-4-ones in good or very good yields. The decarboxylative reaction pathway has been confirmed by mechanistic studies. Moreover, attempts to develop an enantioselective variant of the cascade are also described.     

Recyclization of 2-imino-2h-1-benzopyrans under the influence of nucleophilic reagents. 1. New approach to the synthesis of 3-(1,3,4oxadi-, thiadi-, and triazolyl-2)coumarins

It has been found that under the action of hydrazides of carboxylic acids, 2-iminocoumarin-3-carboxamides are recyclized to N⁽¹⁾-acylamidrazones of coumarin-3-carboxylic acids. The use of N⁽¹⁾-acylamidrazones is proposed as a simple and effective means of synthesizing 3-(1,3,4-oxadi-, thiodi-, and triazolyl-2)coumarins. The possibilities of alternate schemes of synthesis are discussed, and a mechanism is suggested for the recyclization.Translated from Khimiya Geterotsiklicheskikh Soedinenii, No. 2, pp. 186–192, February, 1996.     

Formylation of 5-hydroxybenzofuran derivatives and synthesis of furo-[3,2-<Emphasis Type="Italic">f</Emphasis>]coumarins based on them*

The formylation of esters of 5-hydroxy-1-benzofuran-3-carboxylic acid has been studied. The interaction of the synthesized aldehydes with esters of β-keto acids and hetarylacetonitriles gave furo[3,2-f]coumarin-1-carboxylic acids derivatives.     

Ionic Liquid–Mediated Synthesis of Coumarin-3-carboxylic Acids via Knoevenagel Condensation of Meldrum's Acid with ortho-Hydroxyaryl Aldehydes

A simple, efficient, and green protocol for synthesis of coumarin-3-carboxylic acids is described via Knoevenagel condensation of Meldrum's acid with ortho-hydroxyaryl aldehydes in [Hmim]Tfa ionic liquid, which was found to give better results than other ionic liquids. Furthermore, ionic liquid is easily reused without any appreciable loss in activity.