利用HPLC-MS对精(口恶)唑禾草灵微生物降解途径的研究

产碱菌属H(Alcaligenes sp.H)以及其紫外诱变菌Huv均可降解精噁唑禾草灵,液相色谱显示二者具有某一相同的精噁唑禾草灵微生物降解产物;利用高效液相色谱-质谱联用技术(HPLC-MS),对上述精噁唑禾草灵微生物降解产物进行鉴定.结果表明:精噁唑禾草灵水解是降解菌Alcaligenes sp.H与Huv降解精噁唑禾草灵的公共降解途径之一,其产物为(R)-2-[4-(6-氯-1,3-苯并噁唑-2-基氧)苯氧基]丙酸和乙醇.     

The hydrolysis mechanism of bis(2,4-di-tert-butyl)pentaerythritol diphosphite (Alkanox P24): An atmospheric pressure photoionisation mass spectrometric study

Alkanox P24 is a commercial phosphite antioxidant, well known in the literature for its excellent processing stability. As in the case of many processing phosphites, however, Alkanox P24 might undergo hydrolysis when exposed to small amounts of water. A number of products proposed recently in the hydrolytic pathway of the phosphite [Ortuoste N, Allen NS, Papanastasiou M, McMahon A, Edge M, Johnson B, et al. Polym Degrad Stab; 2006;91:195-211] are investigated in this study by atmospheric pressure ionisation-mass spectrometry (API-MS). The applicability of atmospheric pressure photoionisation (APPI) and atmospheric pressure chemical ionisation (APCI) ion sources is tested and the ion formation characteristics of Alkanox P24 are compared in both sources. In positive ion mode, ionisation of the parent phosphite occurred by protonation. In negative ion mode no pseudo-molecular ion peak was detected and the deprotonated species were more dominant in APPI. This source was employed further for the investigation of the hydrolysis products, since it exhibited lower limits of detection. High performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) with single ion monitoring (SIM) detection was used for the separation of the species formed. Hydrolysis of the phosphite proceeded via the scission of the two P-O_phenol bonds exclusively to give 2,4-di-tert-butyl phenol quantitatively as a final product.     

利用HPLC-MS对精噁唑禾草灵微生物降解途径的研究

产碱菌属H(Alcaligenes sp.H)以及其紫外诱变菌Huv均可降解精噁唑禾草灵，液相色谱显示二者具有某一相同的精噁唑禾草灵微生物降解产物；利用高效液相色谱一质谱联用技术(HPLC—MS)，对上述精噁唑禾草灵微生物降解产物进行鉴定。结果表明：精噁唑禾草灵水解是降解菌Alcaligenes sp．H与Huv降解精噁唑禾草灵的公共降解途径之一，其产物为(R)-2-[4-(6-氯-1，3．苯并噁唑-2-基氧)苯氧基]丙酸和乙醇。     

高效液相色谱-串联质谱法同时检测动物性食品中多种大环内酯类药物

高效液相色谱-串联质谱法同时检测动物性食品中6种大环内酯类药物泰乐霉素、交沙霉素、柱晶白霉素、螺旋霉素、替米考星和红霉素残留。样品经乙腈提取,C18固相萃取柱净化,以0.1%(φ)甲酸-乙腈和0.1%(φ)甲酸-水作流动相梯度洗脱。电喷雾正离子MRM模式检测,罗红霉素作为内标。方法的定量下限为20μg/kg。在2~50μg/L范围内,峰面积与质量浓度成良好的线性关系,相关系数大于0.999。样品在20、100、200μg/kg添加水平的回收率为70%~110%,相对标准偏差为4.1%~10.3%(n=6)。方法灵敏、检出限低、实用性强。     

高效液相色谱-串联质谱法测定生鲜乳中三聚氰胺的含量

采用高效液相色谱-串联质谱法测定生鲜乳中三聚氰胺残留量。样品经乙腈溶液超声提取,过Waters Oasis MCX固相萃取小柱净化,50℃氮气吹干,再用1.0mL乙腈溶解后供高效液相色谱-串联质谱分析。以Waters Hilic色谱柱(100 mm×2.1 mm,3μm)为固定相,用乙腈-5mmol·L-1乙酸铵(95+5)溶液洗脱,采用电喷雾正离子模式多反应监测,内标法定量。三聚氰胺的质量浓度在10.0μg·L-1以内呈线性,检出限(3S/N)为0.5μg·kg-1。取空白样品在3个标准加入水平下进行回收和精密度试验,回收率在99.8%~103%之间,测定值的相对标准偏差(n=10)在1.9%~3.2%之间。     

Applications of HPLC-MS in compound Ilex pubescens extract study

In this paper, high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) along with mass spectrometry (MS) and HPLC along with a diode array detector (DAD) was used to study the compound Ilex pubescens extract. Two ionization techniques: electro spray ionization (ESI) and atmospheric pressure chemical ionization (APCI) were used in this work. The liquid chromatograms obtained by DAD, total ion chromatograms (TIC) from positive-and negative-ion ESI-MS and the positive-and negative-ion APCI-MS were compared. The liquid chromatograms obtained by TIC from ESI-MS provided more information on chromatographic peaks than those obtained by DAD or TIC from APCI-MS. It is suggested that the fingerprints of the compound Ilex pubescens extract should be provided by the liquid chromatograms obtained by DAD together with TIC from the negative-ion ESI-MS. The molecular weights of the nine main components in an HPLC-DAD chromatogram were determined by the corresponding positive-and negative-ion ESI and the positive-and negative-ion APCI mass spectra information. In the liquid chromatogram obtained by TIC from the negative-ion ESI-MS, the molecular weights of 23 main components were determined based on the corresponding positive-and negative-ion ESI mass spectra information.     

Cerium(IV) based oxidative free radical cyclization of active methylene compounds with some cyclic alkenes: A useful annulation method for terpene functionalization

Ceric ammonium nitrate-mediated oxidative cyclizations of CH-acids with terpenes and terpene like substrates were investigated. Dimedone, acetylacetone, and methyl nitroacetate were condensed with pinene, norbornene, nopol, camphene, and carvone and the reaction stereoselectivity was examined. Condensation with endocyclic double bonds in pinene and nopol displayed stereoselectivity, resulting in the formation of pure enantiomers. Condensation with exocyclic double bonds in camphene and carvone produced enantiomer mixtures. The mechanism of the intramolecular annulation in a nopol derivative is discussed with the help of DFT and ab initio calculations.     

海河底泥中12种抗生素残留的液相色谱串联质谱同时检测

建立了同时检测河流底泥中12种抗生素(4种磺胺类、3种喹诺酮类、2种四环素类、2种大环内酯类、甲氧苄啶)残留的高效液相色谱串联质谱检测方法(HPLC-MS/MS)。样品提取过程中以NaF为离子交换剂,经2种提取液逐次提取,合并提取液,正己烷脱脂,萃取物经SAX-HLB固相萃取系统净化浓缩,氮吹,定容。以乙腈和0.3%甲酸为流动相,采用梯度洗脱进行液相色谱分离,以Simatone为内标物,用质谱检测器进行定性和定量分析。12种目标物的检出限为1.0~5.0 ng/g,回收率为65%~91%,相对标准偏差为0.6%~5.1%(n=4)。     

Study on the reactions of fluoroalkanesulfonyl azides with indole derivatives

The reactions of fluoroalkanesulfonyl azides 1 with different indole derivatives have been studied in detail. Treatment of 1 with equimolar amount of 1,3-dimethylindole 3 in 1,4-dioxane at room temperature afforded 2-(1,3-dimethyl-1,3-dihydro-indolinylidene) fluoroalkanesulfonylimines 5 in moderate to good yields. However, under the same reaction conditions, in the case of 1 with 1,2-dimethylindole 4, the corresponding 2-fluoroalkanesulfonyl (1,2-dimethyl-1H-indol-3-yl)-amide 6 was obtained in moderate yields. In addition, the reactions of 1 and indole 7 gave different products under different conditions. Possible mechanisms of these reactions were proposed.     

高效液相色谱-串联质谱法检测生物样品中6种雌激素

建立了雌酮、雌二醇、雌三醇、己烯雌酚、己烷雌酚和炔雌醇6种雌激素在生物体中的HPLC-MS/MS分析方法.采用加速溶剂萃取、固相萃取技术进行提取、富集及净化,有效降低了基质的干扰.以甲醇-0.1％氨水溶液为流动相,以C18色谱柱进行分离,质谱采用电喷雾负离子扫描模式,6种雌激素的回收率为88％～104％,相对标准偏差在1.3％～8.3％之间.雌酮、雌二醇、雌三醇在生物体中的方法检出限0.35ng/g;己烯雌酚、己烷雌酚、17α-乙炔基雌二醇在生物体中的方法检出限为0.13ng/g.方法适用于生物体内雌激素的分析和检测.     

中成药中违禁添加药物的液质联用仪测定研究

近年来不断有关于保健食品或植物提取药物中违禁添加合成药物的相关报道,其中包括各类兴奋剂、利尿剂、壮阳剂、厌食剂等几十种药物,为保护广大消费者的身体健康,有关国家都建立了相关的技术标准。在这一分析过程中,需要解决3个方面问题,一是药物的分析范围非常大,尤其是在极性、酸碱性差异非常大,如何能达到一次分析完成全谱的分析工作;二是药物含量限制差异巨大,有的仅有几个mg/kg;三是如何能准确地完成定性结论。我们依据相关国外实验标准,采用Waters的QuattroLC系统结合Waters的SymmetryC18色谱柱,非常好地建立了一个完整的相应的违禁药物分析系统。     

Synthesis of N,N-dimethyl-2,4-dinitro-5-fluorobenzylamine and its reactions with amino acids and peptides

A practical synthesis is described for N,N-dimethyl-2,4-dinitro-5-fluorobenzylamine (DMDNFB) and its -d₆ analog as an alternative Sanger's reagent (DNFB), for purposes of amino acid derivatization detectable by positive mode electrospray ionization mass spectrometry. DMDNFB is comparable to DNFB in its efficiency to derivatize amino acids and peptides. Various DMDNP (d₀/d₆) derivatives of (modified) lysine were synthesized to evaluate the potential use of isotope-edited LC-ESI-MS as a tool for structural definition of the posttranslational modification of protein-based lysines.     

On the detection of both carbonyl and hydroxyl oxygens in amino acid derivatives: a O NMR reinvestigation

The hypothesis and the conclusions of previous ¹⁷O NMR studies on the detection of both oxygens of the carboxylic group of Boc-[¹⁷O]Tyr(2,6-diClBzl)-OH in DMSO-d₆ solution (Tetrahedron Lett.2000, 41, 8651) are reconsidered. The appearance of two discrete resonances at 340 and 175 ppm of this protected amino acid is not now attributed: (a) to the reduction of the intramolecular conformational exchange rate, due to the effect of intramolecular hydrogen bonding of the hydroxy part of the carboxyl with the carbonyl oxygen of the Boc-group, and (b) to the effect of solvent viscosity, suggested in the mentioned study. The cause of this phenomenon is now attributed to a strong hydrogen bonding of the polar proton acceptor solvent DMSO with the carboxy group, which effectively reduces the proton exchange rate, thus becoming slow on the ¹⁷O NMR time scale.     

HPLC-MS法检测氟[18F]脱氧葡萄糖([18F]-FDG)注射液中2-氯-2-脱氧-D葡萄糖（ClDG）的含量

建立了[18F]-FDG注射液中杂质2-氯-2-脱氧-D葡萄糖(ClDG)含量的HPLC-MS测定方法。色谱柱为Alltima Amino 100A 5μ柱(250×4.6 mm),流动相为5 mmol/L乙酸铵-乙腈(10:90),柱温:35℃;流速:1 mL/min,进样量20μL。ClDG浓度在0.01～0.15 mg/mL范围内与峰面积有良好的线性关系,检出限为0.003 mg/mL,定量限为0.01 mg/mL。首次采用液质联用法检测[18F]-FDG注射液中杂质ClDG含量。     

Imino Diels-Alder reactions: an efficient one-pot synthesis of pyrano and furanoquinoline derivatives catalyzed by SbCl3

Antimony trichloride (SbCl₃) was found to be an efficient catalyst for the inverse electron demand imino Diels-Alder reactions of in situ generated N-benzylidenes with 3,4-dihydro-2H-pyran and 2,3-dihydrofuran to afford pyrano and furano[3,2-c]quinolines in excellent yields.     

Nitroarene products from the gas-phase reactions of volatile polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons with the OH radical and N2O5

The nitroarene products of the gas-phase reactions of acenaphthylene, acenaphthene, phenanthrene, and anthracene-d₁₀ with N₂O₅ and the OH radical (in the presence of NO_x) are reported. The calculated atmospheric lifetimes of these polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH), as well as those of naphthalene, 1- and 2-methylnaphthalene, biphenyl, fluoranthene, pyrene, and acephenanthrylene, show that reaction with the OH radical is the dominant loss process for these PAH, with the exception of acenaphthylene, acenaphthene, and acephenanthrylene which contain an external cyclopenta-fused ring. For these latter PAH, reaction with the NO₃ radical, and for acenaphthylene and acephenanthrylene reaction with O₃, are also expected to be important atmospheric loss processes. The nitroarenes observed as products of the atmospherically-important gas-phase reactions of the PAH in environmental chamber studies are compared with the nitroarenes measured in ambient air samples collected in California. It is concluded that although nitroarenes are formed in low yields (?5%) from the OH radical-initiated reactions of the PAH, atmospheric formation of nitroarenes may contribute significantly to ambient nitroarene concentrations.     

固相萃取地表水中痕量联苯胺及HPLC-MS测定

采用固相萃取及高效液相色谱-串联质谱技术,建立了地表水中痕量联苯胺的测定方法.水样经HLB固相萃取柱富集,二氯甲烷与丙酮(1:1,v/v)洗脱,氮吹后转为甲醇溶剂,以液相色谱串联质谱选择离子监测(SRM)模式定性、定量分析.在本实验条件下,加标回收率在72.0%～94.0%之间,相对标准偏差8.1%～9.8%(n=7)...     

Controlling degradation and branching reactions of polypropylene by different heteroaromatic ring derivatives

Heteroaromatic ring derivatives with the CC bond conjugated with different five-membered heteroaromatic rings were used to adjust melt reaction of polypropylene (PP). The effect of heteroatoms in the five-membered rings and electron-attracting groups connecting with CC bond on restricting the β-scission of PP macroradicals and promoting the branching reaction between PP and trimethylol propane triacrylate (TMPTA) was studied. From the analysis of the results concerning molecular structures and melt properties, it was found that the electron density of the CC bond determined the reaction rate between PP macroradicals and heteroaromatic ring derivatives. 2-cyano-3-(furan-2-yl)-2-propenoic acid ethyl ester (CFA) and 2-(furan-2-ylmethylene)malononitrile (FN) had CC bonds with lower electron density, therefore they can quickly convert the tertiary PP macroradicals into resonance stabilized macroradicals. As a result, the β-scission of PP macroradicals and the homopolymerisation of TMPTA were restrained to some extent. Modified PP samples containing TMPTA, peroxide and CFA (or FN), which had the lower grafting degree of TMTPA, showed the most obvious change on the relaxation behaviour of polymer chains.     

Chiral terpene auxiliaries. Part 1: Highly enantioselective reduction of ketones with borane catalyzed by an oxazaborolidine derived from (−)-β-pinene

(1R,2S,3R,5R)-3-Amino-6,6-dimethyl-2-hydroxybicyclo[3.1.1]heptane was synthesized in three steps from (−)-β-pinene. It was used for the in situ generation of a B-methoxy-oxazaborolidine catalyst for the asymmetric reduction of alkyl-aryl ketones with borane-dimethyl sulfide complex. In the presence of 3 mol % of the catalyst, the product alcohols were obtained in high yields and with enantiomeric excesses in the range of 93-98%.     

HPLC-APCI(+)MS/MS分析动物源性食品中的硝基咪唑类药物残留量

运用高效液相色谱-大气压电离串联四极杆质谱(HPLC-APCI( )MS/MS)内标法分析动物源性食品中多种硝基咪唑类(nitroimidazoles)药物——甲硝唑(MNZ)、地美硝唑(DMZ)、替硝唑(TNZ)、洛硝唑(RNZ)的含量。样品添加氘代标示物HMMNI-D3、IPZ-OH-D3后,用乙腈提取,通过OASIS HLB C18SPE柱净化,Waters Sunfire C18色谱柱分离,采用梯度洗脱,流动相为0.1%甲酸水溶液和0.1%甲酸乙腈溶液;大气压电离源正离子MRM模式检测:MNZm/z172.0/82.1,172.0/128.0;DMZm/z142.0/81.1,142.0/96.1;TNZm/z248.0/121.0,248.0/93.1;RNZm/z201.0/140.0,201.0/110.0;IPZ-OH-D3m/z189.0/125.0,189.0/171.0;HMMNI-D3m/z161.0/58.0,161.0/143.1。方法定量下限(LOQ,S/N>10)0.2μg/kg,在质量浓度0.2~25.0μg/L范围内,峰面积与质量浓度成良好线性(r>0.999 1)。