利用HPLC-MS对精(口恶)唑禾草灵微生物降解途径的研究

产碱菌属H(Alcaligenes sp.H)以及其紫外诱变菌Huv均可降解精噁唑禾草灵,液相色谱显示二者具有某一相同的精噁唑禾草灵微生物降解产物;利用高效液相色谱-质谱联用技术(HPLC-MS),对上述精噁唑禾草灵微生物降解产物进行鉴定.结果表明:精噁唑禾草灵水解是降解菌Alcaligenes sp.H与Huv降解精噁唑禾草灵的公共降解途径之一,其产物为(R)-2-[4-(6-氯-1,3-苯并噁唑-2-基氧)苯氧基]丙酸和乙醇.     

The hydrolysis mechanism of bis(2,4-di-tert-butyl)pentaerythritol diphosphite (Alkanox P24): An atmospheric pressure photoionisation mass spectrometric study

Alkanox P24 is a commercial phosphite antioxidant, well known in the literature for its excellent processing stability. As in the case of many processing phosphites, however, Alkanox P24 might undergo hydrolysis when exposed to small amounts of water. A number of products proposed recently in the hydrolytic pathway of the phosphite [Ortuoste N, Allen NS, Papanastasiou M, McMahon A, Edge M, Johnson B, et al. Polym Degrad Stab; 2006;91:195-211] are investigated in this study by atmospheric pressure ionisation-mass spectrometry (API-MS). The applicability of atmospheric pressure photoionisation (APPI) and atmospheric pressure chemical ionisation (APCI) ion sources is tested and the ion formation characteristics of Alkanox P24 are compared in both sources. In positive ion mode, ionisation of the parent phosphite occurred by protonation. In negative ion mode no pseudo-molecular ion peak was detected and the deprotonated species were more dominant in APPI. This source was employed further for the investigation of the hydrolysis products, since it exhibited lower limits of detection. High performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) with single ion monitoring (SIM) detection was used for the separation of the species formed. Hydrolysis of the phosphite proceeded via the scission of the two P-O_phenol bonds exclusively to give 2,4-di-tert-butyl phenol quantitatively as a final product.     

Kinetics and products of the reactions of selected diols with the OH radical

Using a relative rate method, rate constants have been measured at 296 ± 2 K for the gas‐phase reactions of OH radicals with 1,2‐butanediol, 2,3‐butanediol, 1,3‐butanediol, and 2‐methyl‐2,4‐pentanediol, with rate constants (in units of 10^?12 cm³ molecule^?1 s^?1) of 27.0 ± 5.6, 23.6 ± 6.3, 33.2 ± 6.8, and 27.7 ± 6.1, respectively, where the error limits include the estimated overall uncertainty of ±20% in the rate constant for the reference compound. Gas chromatographic analyses showed the formation of 1‐hydroxy‐2‐butanone from 1,2‐butanediol, 3‐hydroxy‐2‐butanone from 2,3‐butanediol, 1‐hydroxy‐3‐butanone from 1,3‐butanediol, and 4‐hydroxy‐4‐methyl‐2‐pentanone from 2‐methyl‐2,4‐pentanediol, with formation yields of 0.66 ± 0.11, 0.89 ± 0.09, 0.50 ± 0.09, and 0.47 ± 0.09, respectively, where the indicated errors are the estimated overall uncertainties. Pathways for the formation of these products are presented, together with a comparison of the measured and estimated rate constants and product yields. © 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Int J Chem Kinet 33: 310–316, 2001     

Towards a Non-Biased Formaldehyde Quantification in Leather: New Derivatization Conditions before HPLC Analysis of 2,4-Dinitrophenylhydrazine Derivatives

In leathers, formaldehyde is currently analyzed according to EN ISO 17226-1 standard, by reversed phase liquid chromatography after off-line precolumn derivatization with 2,4 dinitrophenylhydrazine (DNPH) in strong acidic conditions. We first demonstrate that this standard is not adapted to leather retanned with resins likely to release formaldehyde by hydrolysis. Indeed, formaldehyde content may be largely overestimated due to concomitant resin hydrolysis (in harsh acidic conditions) that releases formaldehyde during the derivatization step and during the waiting time on autosampler before analysis. Therefore, we thoroughly studied the derivatization step in order to propose new derivatization conditions. Replacing orthophosphoric acid by less acidic buffer solutions is not enough to avoid hydrolysis. A derivatization without adding acid is realized by solubilizing DNPH in acetonitrile instead of orthophosphoric acid. These conditions lead to a complete derivatization of formaldehyde in 3 h at 50 °C (in a water bath) while avoiding the hydrolysis of co-extracted dicyandiamide and melamine resins. The as-obtained leather extracts are stable over time. Formaldehyde contents found with this method agree with the formaldehyde content measured immediately at the end of derivatization reaction in standard conditions or with formaldehyde content measured by a home-designed flow injection analysis with acetylacetone online derivatization and UV detection.     

利用HPLC-MS对精噁唑禾草灵微生物降解途径的研究

产碱菌属H(Alcaligenes sp.H)以及其紫外诱变菌Huv均可降解精噁唑禾草灵，液相色谱显示二者具有某一相同的精噁唑禾草灵微生物降解产物；利用高效液相色谱一质谱联用技术(HPLC—MS)，对上述精噁唑禾草灵微生物降解产物进行鉴定。结果表明：精噁唑禾草灵水解是降解菌Alcaligenes sp．H与Huv降解精噁唑禾草灵的公共降解途径之一，其产物为(R)-2-[4-(6-氯-1，3．苯并噁唑-2-基氧)苯氧基]丙酸和乙醇。     

基于固相萃取/高效液相色谱-质谱联用法的微囊藻毒素代谢产物制备及应用

采用HPLC-MS/MS监控反应,合成了微囊藻毒素RR的谷胱甘肽和半胱氨酸代谢物(MC-RRGSH及MC-RR-Cys)。该产物经Accu BOND C18固相萃取小柱纯化后,纯度大于95%(HPLC检测)。结果表明,合成反应的最佳时间为60 min。在SPE洗脱过程中,采用纯水淋洗,1%甲酸-90%甲醇洗脱时,MCRR-GSH和MC-RR-Cys的平均回收率可达86.4%±1.5%和90.2%±2.8%。运用ESI-HPLC-MS/MS对以上产物进行一级及二级质谱扫描。两种产物的一级质谱电离均以[M+2H]2+为基峰,对应的质荷比(m/z)分别为673.6和580.5。以MC-RR-GSH和MC-RR-Cys一级质谱图中丰度最高的双电荷离子为母离子进行二级质谱扫描,对应的子离子对为m/z 609.0/536.9和519.4/520.8,由上述裂解碎片推断合成的产物为MC-RR-GSH和MC-RR-Cys。以合成产物为标准品,测定出太湖鲤鱼肾脏中MC-RR-GSH,MC-RR-Cys和MC-RR的含量(干重)分别为未检出,1.587 5,0.001 5μg·kg-1。本文合成的高纯度代谢产物,可作为相关研究中非商品化的标准对照品,代谢产物的质谱裂解碎片亦可为环境中微囊藻毒素MC-RR的GSH/Cys代谢途径分析提供参考。     

高效液相色谱-串联质谱法同时测定化妆品中14种禁用着色剂

采用液相色谱-质谱联用法建立了同时测定化妆品中14种禁用着色剂(吖啶黄、酸性紫49、溶剂红49、溶剂蓝35、氯化四甲基副玫瑰苯胺、氯化五甲基副玫瑰苯胺、氯化六甲基副玫瑰苯胺、颜料橙5、颜料红53、苏丹红Ⅰ、苏丹红Ⅱ、苏丹红Ⅳ、罗丹明B、分散黄3)的分析方法。待测样品经四氢呋喃分散,并对目标物进行提取后,用含有醋酸铵的甲醇-水混合溶液将基质析出,提取液离心过滤后,以10 mmol/L醋酸铵-乙腈作为流动相在Agilent poroshell 120 EC-C18(2.7μm,3.0 mm×50 mm)色谱柱上梯度洗脱进行分离,以色谱峰的峰面积用标准曲线外标法进行定量。在优化条件下,各目标物的线性范围为0.01~1.0μg/m L,相关系数均大于0.999。14种禁用着色剂的定量下限为0.05~0.5μg/g。在低、中、高3个加标水平下,各目标物的回收率为85.4%~106.3%,相对标准偏差(RSD)均低于10%。方法准确、简便、灵敏、可靠,可用于化妆品中此14种禁用着色剂的定量测定。     

高效液相色谱-串联质谱法测定生鲜乳中三聚氰胺的含量

采用高效液相色谱-串联质谱法测定生鲜乳中三聚氰胺残留量。样品经乙腈溶液超声提取,过Waters Oasis MCX固相萃取小柱净化,50℃氮气吹干,再用1.0mL乙腈溶解后供高效液相色谱-串联质谱分析。以Waters Hilic色谱柱(100 mm×2.1 mm,3μm)为固定相,用乙腈-5mmol·L-1乙酸铵(95+5)溶液洗脱,采用电喷雾正离子模式多反应监测,内标法定量。三聚氰胺的质量浓度在10.0μg·L-1以内呈线性,检出限(3S/N)为0.5μg·kg-1。取空白样品在3个标准加入水平下进行回收和精密度试验,回收率在99.8%~103%之间,测定值的相对标准偏差(n=10)在1.9%~3.2%之间。     

Applications of HPLC-MS in compound Ilex pubescens extract study

In this paper, high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) along with mass spectrometry (MS) and HPLC along with a diode array detector (DAD) was used to study the compound Ilex pubescens extract. Two ionization techniques: electro spray ionization (ESI) and atmospheric pressure chemical ionization (APCI) were used in this work. The liquid chromatograms obtained by DAD, total ion chromatograms (TIC) from positive-and negative-ion ESI-MS and the positive-and negative-ion APCI-MS were compared. The liquid chromatograms obtained by TIC from ESI-MS provided more information on chromatographic peaks than those obtained by DAD or TIC from APCI-MS. It is suggested that the fingerprints of the compound Ilex pubescens extract should be provided by the liquid chromatograms obtained by DAD together with TIC from the negative-ion ESI-MS. The molecular weights of the nine main components in an HPLC-DAD chromatogram were determined by the corresponding positive-and negative-ion ESI and the positive-and negative-ion APCI mass spectra information. In the liquid chromatogram obtained by TIC from the negative-ion ESI-MS, the molecular weights of 23 main components were determined based on the corresponding positive-and negative-ion ESI mass spectra information.     

化妆品中致敏原香豆素及其衍生物的高效液相色谱法测定及质谱确证

建立了化妆品中致敏原香豆素及其7种衍生物(二氢香豆素、7-甲氧基香豆素、7-甲基香豆素、7-乙氧基-4-甲基香豆素、环香豆素、双香豆素和醋硝香豆素)的高效液相色谱测定方法。样品以0.1 mol/L氢氧化钠溶液-乙腈(1∶9,体积比)混合溶液进行超声提取,提取液经高速离心及微孔滤膜过滤后,ZORBAX SB-C18(250 mm×4.6 mm,5μm)色谱柱分离,0.05 mol/L乙酸铵溶液(含0.25%乙酸)和乙腈为流动相梯度洗脱,二极管阵列检测器检测,外标法定量。疑似阳性样品采用高效液相色谱-串联质谱法进行确证。结果表明,香豆素及其衍生物在一定浓度范围内线性良好(r2≥0.999 6),定量下限为8~20 mg/kg。在低、中、高3个加标水平下,香豆素及其衍生物的平均回收率为84.6%~100.7%,相对标准偏差(n=6)为0.8%~9.7%。该方法准确、稳定性好、特异性强,能够为化妆品检验和日常生产质量控制提供科学依据及技术支持。     

HPLC-MS/MS检测含蛋白质辐照食品中的邻酪氨酸

应用液相色谱-串联质谱(HPLC- MS/MS )技术建立了含蛋白质辐照食品中邻酪氨酸的检测方法.样品经胰蛋白酶于37℃水解过夜,正己烷去脂,乙酸锌沉淀蛋白净化后,HPLC-MS/MS检测.方法的定量下限为0.1 mg/kg,邻酪氨酸在0.1,0.5,1.0 mg/kg加标水平的回收率为80%-97%,相对标准偏差(R...     

Study on the reactions of fluoroalkanesulfonyl azides with indole derivatives

The reactions of fluoroalkanesulfonyl azides 1 with different indole derivatives have been studied in detail. Treatment of 1 with equimolar amount of 1,3-dimethylindole 3 in 1,4-dioxane at room temperature afforded 2-(1,3-dimethyl-1,3-dihydro-indolinylidene) fluoroalkanesulfonylimines 5 in moderate to good yields. However, under the same reaction conditions, in the case of 1 with 1,2-dimethylindole 4, the corresponding 2-fluoroalkanesulfonyl (1,2-dimethyl-1H-indol-3-yl)-amide 6 was obtained in moderate yields. In addition, the reactions of 1 and indole 7 gave different products under different conditions. Possible mechanisms of these reactions were proposed.     

海河底泥中12种抗生素残留的液相色谱串联质谱同时检测

建立了同时检测河流底泥中12种抗生素(4种磺胺类、3种喹诺酮类、2种四环素类、2种大环内酯类、甲氧苄啶)残留的高效液相色谱串联质谱检测方法(HPLC-MS/MS)。样品提取过程中以NaF为离子交换剂,经2种提取液逐次提取,合并提取液,正己烷脱脂,萃取物经SAX-HLB固相萃取系统净化浓缩,氮吹,定容。以乙腈和0.3%甲酸为流动相,采用梯度洗脱进行液相色谱分离,以Simatone为内标物,用质谱检测器进行定性和定量分析。12种目标物的检出限为1.0~5.0 ng/g,回收率为65%~91%,相对标准偏差为0.6%~5.1%(n=4)。     

中成药中违禁添加药物的液质联用仪测定研究

近年来不断有关于保健食品或植物提取药物中违禁添加合成药物的相关报道,其中包括各类兴奋剂、利尿剂、壮阳剂、厌食剂等几十种药物,为保护广大消费者的身体健康,有关国家都建立了相关的技术标准。在这一分析过程中,需要解决3个方面问题,一是药物的分析范围非常大,尤其是在极性、酸碱性差异非常大,如何能达到一次分析完成全谱的分析工作;二是药物含量限制差异巨大,有的仅有几个mg/kg;三是如何能准确地完成定性结论。我们依据相关国外实验标准,采用Waters的QuattroLC系统结合Waters的SymmetryC18色谱柱,非常好地建立了一个完整的相应的违禁药物分析系统。     

高效液相色谱-串联质谱法检测生物样品中6种雌激素

建立了雌酮、雌二醇、雌三醇、己烯雌酚、己烷雌酚和炔雌醇6种雌激素在生物体中的HPLC-MS/MS分析方法.采用加速溶剂萃取、固相萃取技术进行提取、富集及净化,有效降低了基质的干扰.以甲醇-0.1％氨水溶液为流动相,以C18色谱柱进行分离,质谱采用电喷雾负离子扫描模式,6种雌激素的回收率为88％～104％,相对标准偏差在1.3％～8.3％之间.雌酮、雌二醇、雌三醇在生物体中的方法检出限0.35ng/g;己烯雌酚、己烷雌酚、17α-乙炔基雌二醇在生物体中的方法检出限为0.13ng/g.方法适用于生物体内雌激素的分析和检测.     

麻黄-甘草药对配伍过程中的主要药效成分的分析

利用高效液相色谱串联质谱联用法(HPLC-MS/MS)和气相色谱质谱联用法(GC-MS)分析了麻黄与甘草药对配伍前后水煎液中主要药效成分的变化,并通过小鼠的耳廓肿胀试验考察了甘草、麻黄单煎液及药对共煎液的抗炎活性变化。分别通过HPLC法和GC-MS法对甘草与麻黄中主要化学成分,甘草酸、甘草苷、麻黄碱和甲基麻黄碱进行了定量分析,通过单煎液和药对共煎液的对比,发现麻黄与甘草配伍共煎液中麻黄碱（含伪麻黄碱）的含量增加了14.52%;甲基麻黄碱（含甲基伪麻黄碱）的含量增加了64.0%;甘草酸含量增加了13.50%;而甘草苷含量降低了19.38%。药效实验证明,甘草与麻黄配伍后抗炎作用较甘草麻黄单煎液明显增强。从而在主要成分的变化程度上揭示了甘草与麻黄配伍过程中的增效机理。     

高效液相色谱-串联质谱法测定纺织品中16种全氟烷酸类化合物

采用高效液相色谱-串联质谱(LC-MS/MS)技术建立了纺织品中16种全氟烷酸类化合物的测定方法。样品以甲醇为溶剂,超声提取,C18(100 mm×2.1 mm,2.7μm)色谱柱分离,流动相为水和甲醇,梯度洗脱,多反应监测(MRM)模式进行分析检测。16种全氟烷酸类化合物在1~1 000 ng/m L浓度范围内与对应峰面积呈线性关系。方法定量下限(S/N=10)为0.21~1.53μg/m2。加标回收率为84.8%~107.4%,相对标准偏差(RSD)不大于7.2%。该方法快速简便、准确可靠,适用于纺织品中全氟烷酸类化合物的分析检测。     

On the detection of both carbonyl and hydroxyl oxygens in amino acid derivatives: a O NMR reinvestigation

The hypothesis and the conclusions of previous ¹⁷O NMR studies on the detection of both oxygens of the carboxylic group of Boc-[¹⁷O]Tyr(2,6-diClBzl)-OH in DMSO-d₆ solution (Tetrahedron Lett.2000, 41, 8651) are reconsidered. The appearance of two discrete resonances at 340 and 175 ppm of this protected amino acid is not now attributed: (a) to the reduction of the intramolecular conformational exchange rate, due to the effect of intramolecular hydrogen bonding of the hydroxy part of the carboxyl with the carbonyl oxygen of the Boc-group, and (b) to the effect of solvent viscosity, suggested in the mentioned study. The cause of this phenomenon is now attributed to a strong hydrogen bonding of the polar proton acceptor solvent DMSO with the carboxy group, which effectively reduces the proton exchange rate, thus becoming slow on the ¹⁷O NMR time scale.     

Imino Diels-Alder reactions: an efficient one-pot synthesis of pyrano and furanoquinoline derivatives catalyzed by SbCl3

Antimony trichloride (SbCl₃) was found to be an efficient catalyst for the inverse electron demand imino Diels-Alder reactions of in situ generated N-benzylidenes with 3,4-dihydro-2H-pyran and 2,3-dihydrofuran to afford pyrano and furano[3,2-c]quinolines in excellent yields.     

HPLC-MS法检测氟[18F]脱氧葡萄糖([18F]-FDG)注射液中2-氯-2-脱氧-D葡萄糖（ClDG）的含量

建立了[18F]-FDG注射液中杂质2-氯-2-脱氧-D葡萄糖(ClDG)含量的HPLC-MS测定方法。色谱柱为Alltima Amino 100A 5μ柱(250×4.6 mm),流动相为5 mmol/L乙酸铵-乙腈(10:90),柱温:35℃;流速:1 mL/min,进样量20μL。ClDG浓度在0.01～0.15 mg/mL范围内与峰面积有良好的线性关系,检出限为0.003 mg/mL,定量限为0.01 mg/mL。首次采用液质联用法检测[18F]-FDG注射液中杂质ClDG含量。