MAPO-CHA(M=Mn,Fe,Co,Zn)系列过渡金属取代磷酸铝化合物的合成、结构与性质

在水热体系中, 以2-胺乙基哌嗪分解得到的二乙胺为模板剂, 合成了一系列具有CHA结构的过渡金属取代磷酸铝化合物MAl(PO₄)₂[(C₂H₅)₂NH₂](命名为MAPO-CHA, M=Mn, Fe, Co, Zn), 其M/Al原子比为1. 单晶结构分析表明, MnAPO-CHA晶体属于三方晶系, R3空间群, 晶胞参数a=1.4003(2)nm, c=1.5236(3) nm, V=2.5873(7) nm³, Z=9, 其无机骨架由Al(Mn)O₄四面体和PO₄四面体交替连接形成具有分子筛CHA的拓扑结构, 单质子化的二乙胺离子位于八元环孔道中. X射线粉末衍射分析表明, 这些化合物是同构的, 并均具有荧光性质, 其中, 化合物MAPO-CHA(M=Mn, Fe, Co)还具有弱的反铁磁交换作用.     

富铁稀土金属间化合物永磁材料的研究进展

富铁ThMn₁₂型R(Fe, M)₁₂(R=稀土,M=其他元素)和Th₂Ni₁₇/Th₂Zn₁₇型R₂Fe₁₇金属间化合物通常被命名为1-12和2-17型化合物;它们已被开发成为稀土基磁性合金中重要的系列化合物。随着以Sm₂Fe₁₇N_x和R(Fe, M)₁₂N_x(R=Pr, Nd)等氮化物为代表的“间隙原子效应”的发现,以及稀土资源的绿色开采和综合利用的发展,对富铁稀土-过渡金属间化合物的研究成为热点。其中,Sm(Fe, Co)₁₂化合物和间隙原子调制的R(Fe, M)₁₂N(R=Pr, Nd), Sm₂(Fe, M)₁₇N_x等富铁材料的内禀磁性能与作为当前主流应用的高性能永磁材料Nd_2...     

基于线性叠氮四核单元的系列二维化合物: 合成, 晶体结构及磁性

分子磁体的设计与合成一直是当今物理和化学的热门研究课题. 受分子磁体启发, 通过引入叠氮磁耦合基团以及长链棒状配体4,4'-二咪唑联苯(L), 我们构筑了三个磁性化合物[Co₂(N₃)₄(L)_2.5]_∞(1), [Ni₂(N₃)₃(NO₃)(L)_2.5]_∞(2)和[Mn₂(N₃)₄(L)_2.5]_∞(3). 结构分析显示, 这是三个同构化合物, 展现了一种基于线性叠氮四核单元的二维层网络. 有意义的是, 这种线性叠氮四核单元还未曾被人报道. 磁性研究表明, 三个化合物都是铁磁耦合, 这是由于EO-叠氮所导致的. 通过拟合实验数据, 我们得到了三个化合物的磁耦合常数, 进一步验证了上面磁构相关性的讨论.     

三角晶格反铁磁CuFeO_2的磁性和电子结构

基于广义梯度近似(GGA)的密度泛函理论(DPT),,通过构造铁磁(FM),阻挫的三角非共线反铁磁(FAFM)、上上下下型共线反铁磁(↑↑↓↓AFM)三种不同磁性构型,从非共线磁性结构计算出发.优化了低温铜铁矿CuFeO_2晶体材料的几何结构,研究了磁性结构对电子结构、能隙和磁矩等的作用.计算发现上上下下型反铁磁自旋排列能促进能隙形成,总能降低,磁矩增大.由于上上下下型反铁磁与阻挫三角非共线反铁磁相能量接近,外场的作用容易导致磁性结构相变到阻挫的三角反铁磁态,其电子态密度分布与X光发射光谱测得的结果一致,即具有高自旋的Fe离子3d电子自旋向上的子带中心位于Cu3d能态之下,O2p能态以上,而且配位场理论分析表明Fe离子3d态自旋向下的空轨道为铁电极化提供了有利的化学环境.     

三角晶格反铁磁CuFeO2的磁性和电子结构

基于广义梯度近似(GGA)的密度泛函理论(DFT), 通过构造铁磁(FM), 阻挫的三角非共线反铁磁(FAFM)、上上下下型共线反铁磁(↑↑↓↓AFM)三种不同磁性构型, 从非共线磁性结构计算出发, 优化了低温铜铁矿CuFeO2晶体材料的几何结构, 研究了磁性结构对电子结构、能隙和磁矩等的作用. 计算发现上上下下型反铁磁自旋排列能促进能隙形成, 总能降低, 磁矩增大. 由于上上下下型反铁磁与阻挫三角非共线反铁磁相能量接近, 外场的作用容易导致磁性结构相变到阻挫的三角反铁磁态, 其电子态密度分布与X光发射光谱测得的结果一致, 即具有高自旋的Fe离子3d电子自旋向上的子带中心位于Cu 3d能态之下, O 2p能态以上, 而且配位场理论分析表明Fe离子3d态自旋向下的空轨道为铁电极化提供了有利的化学环境.     

碱土金属叠氮化合物(CaN6)n (n＝1～5)团簇结构与性质的密度泛函理论研究

利用密度泛函理论在B3LYP/6-311G*水平上对碱土金属叠氮化合物(CaN₆)_n (n＝1～5)团簇各种可能构型进行了几何优化, 预测了各团簇的最稳定结构. 并对最稳定结构的成键特性、电荷分布、振动特性及稳定性进行理论研究. 结果表明, 叠氮化合物中叠氮基以直线型存在, CaN₆团簇的最稳定结构为线型结构, (CaN₆)_n (n＝2～5)团簇首先由两个叠氮基与两个Ca原子构成一个近似菱形, 再由菱形相互垂直形成链状最稳定结构; 叠氮基中间的N原子显示正电性, 两端的N原子显示负电性, 且与Ca直接作用的N原子负电性更强, 金属Ca原子和N原子之间形成很强的离子键; (CaN₆)_n (n＝1～5)团簇最稳定结构的IR光谱分为4个部分, 其最强振动峰均位于2195～2280 cm^－1, 振动模式为叠氮基中N-N键的反对称伸缩振动; 稳定性分析显示, (CaN₆)₃和(CaN₆)₅团簇相对于其他团簇较为稳定.     

氰根桥联Fe(Ⅲ)-Cu(Ⅱ)双金属配合物的合成及磁性研究

基于五氰构筑单元[Fe(CN)₅L]^2-[L=1-甲基咪唑(1-Meim), 咪唑(Him)]和铜大环配离子合成了3个氰根桥联Fe(Ⅲ)-Cu(Ⅱ)双金属配合物, 并研究了它们的晶体结构和磁性. 单晶结构分析表明, 3个化合物为一维链状的Fe^Ⅲ-Cu^Ⅱ配合物, 铜离子的配位构型为拉长八面体结构, 轴向由2个[Fe(CN)₅L]^2-上的氰根氮原子配位, 而每个[Fe(CN)₅L]^2-用2个氰根桥联2个铜离子, 得到1个交替一维链结构. 磁性研究表明, 其中2个配合物呈铁磁相互作用, 1个呈少见的反铁磁耦合.     

O-半乳吡喃糖基N,N-二(2-氯乙基)磷酰二胺酯的合成及其晶体结构

为探讨糖基磷酰胺酯类化合物的抗肿瘤活性,用三氯氧磷作磷酰化试剂,合成了标题化合物.通过重结晶,分离出标题化合物的一个纯异构体.经X射线衍射单晶结构分析,该晶体属单斜晶系,空间群P2₁,a=1.3474(5)nm,b=1.0624(4)nm,c=1.6916(5)nm,β=110.55(3)°,z=4,D_x=1.35g/cm³.收集到独立衍射点4379个,其中2159个为可观测点.最终一致性因子R=0.079.结构分析结果表明,反应中形成的手性磷原子为R构型.     

层状结构硫代亚磷酸镍锰(NixMn1－xPS3)及其夹层化合物的合成与磁性

报道了一类具有层状结构的混合金属硫代亚磷酸锰镍(Ni_xMn_{1－xPS3, 0＜x＜1)及其两个系列夹层化合物的合成, 并通过XRD、FT-IR和元素分析等对它们的结构进行了表征. 在此基础上研究了它们的磁学性质, 结果表明系列混合金属NixMn1－xPS3化合物均为低温反铁磁体, 其磁性与两种不同金属离子的含量密切相关. 相对于MnPS3或NiPS3而言, Ni^2＋或Mn^2＋的掺入能使自旋离子间的磁相互作用减弱, 导致反铁磁相变温度降低|尤其当两种金属离子含量相当时(如Ni0.50Mn0.50PS3), 因不同金属离子的半径及其外层电子结构的差异导致其结构无序增大, 反铁磁相变温度迅速下降. 此外, 研究结果表明两个系列夹层化合物中, 由于客体与层内Mn^2＋的交换产生了主体层内金属离子空位而呈现明显的稀磁效应, 加上不同金属离子的半径及其外层电子结构差异影响, 导致自旋金属离子的磁偶合作用明显削弱, 使夹层化合物表现出顺磁特性.}     

(+)-O-萘基环状磷酰二胺酯的合成、晶体结构及绝对构型

合成了目标化合物(+)-O-萘基环状磷酰二胺酯,其结构由¹HNMR,³¹PNMR及元素分析确定,并在273K下进行了X射线衍射晶体结构分析.该化合物晶体属正交晶系,P2₁2₁2₁空间群,晶胞参数a=1.0028(4)nm,b=1.1406(4)nm,c=2.4455(8)nm,V=2.7971(18)nm₃,Z=4,Dc=1.212g/cm³,F(000)=1088,μ=0.129mm^-1.晶体的结构收敛最终偏离因子R和wR分别为0.0585和0.0827.Flackx参数为0.03(12).目标化合物中磷原子的绝对构型为S.     

Electronic and magnetic properties of manganese and iron-doped Ga(n)As(n) nanocages (n=7-12)

The electronic and magnetic properties of Mn- or Fe-doped Ga(n)As(n) (n=7-12) nanocages were studied using gradient-corrected density-functional theory considering doping at substitutional, endohedral, and exohedral sites. When doped with one atom, the most energetically favorable site gradually moves from surface (n=7-11) to interior (n=12) sites for the Mn atom, while the most preferred doping site of the Fe atom alternates between the surface (n=7,9,11) and interior (n=8,10,12) sites. All of the ground-state structures of Mn@Ga(n)As(n) have the atomlike magnetic moment of 5mu(B), while the total magnetic moments of the most stable Fe@Ga(n)As(n) cages for each size are about 2mu(B) except for the 4mu(B) magnetic moment of Fe@Ga(12)As(12). Charge transfer and hybridization between the 4s and 3d states of Mn or Fe and the 4s and 4p states of As were found. The antiferromagnetic (AFM) state of Mn(2)@Ga(n)As(n) is more energetically favorable than the ferromagnetic (FM) state. However, for Fe(2)@Ga(n)As(n) the FM state is more stable than the AFM state. The local magnetic moments of Mn and Fe atoms in the Ga(n)As(n) cages are about 4mu(B) and 3mu(B) in the FM and AFM states, respectively. For both Mn and Fe bidoping, the most energetically favorable doping sites of the transition metal atoms are located on the surface of the Ga(n)As(n) cages. The computed magnetic moments of the doped Fe and Mn atoms agree excellently with the theoretical and experimental values in the Fe(Mn)GaAs interface as well as (Ga, Mn)As dilute magnetic semiconductors.     

Structural,electronic, and magnetic properties of 3d transition metal doped GaN nanosheet: A first‐principles study

We have performed the first‐principles calculations on the structural, electronic, and magnetic properties of 3d transition‐metal? (Cr, Mn, Fe, Co, and Ni) atoms doped 2D GaN nanosheet. The results show that 3d TM atom substituting one Ga leads to a structural reconstruction around the 3d TM impurity compared to the pristine GaN nanosheet. The doping of TM atom can induce magnetic moments, which are mainly located on the 3d TM atom and its nearest‐neighbor N atoms. It is found that Mn‐ and Ni‐doped GaN nanosheet with 100% spin polarization characters seem to be good candidates for spintronic applications. When two Ga atoms are substituted by two TM dopants, the ferromagnetic (FM) ordering becomes energetically more favorable for Cr‐, Mn‐, and Ni‐doped GaN nanosheet with different distances of two TM atoms. On the contrary, the antiferromagnetic (AFM) ordering is energetically more favorable for Fe‐doped GaN nanosheet. In addition, our GGA + U calculations show the similar results with GGA calculations. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.     

A Delicate Balance between Antiferromagnetism and Ferromagnetism: Theoretical and Experimental Studies of A2MRu5B2 (A=Zr,Hf; M=Fe,Mn) Metal Borides

Metal-rich borides with the Ti₃Co₅B₂-type structure represent an ideal playground for tuning magnetic interactions through chemical substitutions. In this work, density functional theory (DFT) and experimental studies of Ru-rich quaternary borides with the general composition A₂MRu₅B₂ (A=Zr, Hf, M=Fe, Mn) are presented. Total energy calculations show that the phases Zr₂FeRu₅B₂ and Hf₂FeRu₅B₂ prefer ground states with strong antiferromagnetic (AFM) interactions between ferromagnetic (FM) M-chains. Manganese substitution for iron lowers these antiferromagnetic interchain interactions dramatically and creates a strong competition between FM and AFM states with a slight preference for AFM in Zr₂MnRu₅B₂ and for FM in Hf₂MnRu₅B₂. Magnetic property measurements show a field dependence of the AFM transition (T_N): T_N is found at 0.1 T for all phases with predicted AFM states whereas for the predicted FM phase it is found at a much lower magnetic field (0.005 T). Furthermore, T_N is lowest for a Hf-based phase (20 K) and highest for a Zr-based one (28 K), in accordance with DFT predictions of weaker AFM interactions in the Hf-based phases. Interestingly, the AFM transitions vanish in all compounds at higher fields (>1 T) in favor of FM transitions, indicating metamagnetic behaviors for these Ru-rich phases.     

Ground state properties of perovskite and post-perovskite CaRuO3: Ferromagnetism reduction

Aiming at the disputed ground state properties of perovskite (Pv) CaRuO₃, we have investigated the variations of electronic structures and magnetism between Pv and post-perovskite (PPv) phases of CaRuO₃, based on the generalized gradient approximation (GGA) plus on-site Coulomb interaction U and spin-orbital coupling (SOC) effect correction, namely GGA + U + SOC method. Both Pv and PPv phases have Mott-Hubbard insulating characteristics. Under Pnma symmetry, the 4d electrons have the stronger SOC effect and the weaker electronic correlation. Under Cmcm symmetry, however, the situation is just reversed. The G-type antiferromagnetic (AFM) superexchange interaction of Ru–Ru is perfected in Pv phase, antiferromagnetically mediated by O atoms. PPv phase exhibits the AFM ground state along c direction, but the FM–AFM fluctuation exists in a–b plane of PPv phase. The strong magnetic anisotropy and big exchange constants are the inexistent evidences of spin-glass behavior in Pv and PPv phases. Ru⁴⁺ is in low-spin state, S ～ 1. Pv–PPv phase transition changed the electronic and magnetic structures, but the magnetism is not sensitive to pressure in each phase. The suppression of ferromagnetism in Pv and PPv phases arises from the AFM interaction induced by the SOC effect and the FM–AFM fluctuation, respectively.     

GGA and GGA + U Study of ThMn2Si2 and ThMn2Ge2 Compounds in a Body-Centered Tetragonal Ferromagnetic Phase

Our study used the full-potential linearized augmented plane waves (FP-LAPW) method to conduct a first-principles evaluation of the structural, electronic, and magnetic properties of ThMn₂X₂ (X = Si and Ge) compounds. To establish theoretical dependability with the currently available experimental results, computations for the structural findings of ternary intermetallic thorium (Th)-based compounds were achieved using the generalized gradient approximation in the scheme of Perdew–Burke–Ernzerhof (PBE–GGA) potential, while the generalized gradient approximation plus the Hubbard U (GGA + U) approach was employed to improve the electrical and magnetic properties. In contrast with both the paramagnetic (PM) and antiferromagnetic (AFM) phases, the ThMn₂X₂ compounds were optimized in a stable ferromagnetic (FM) phase, which was more suited for studying and analyzing magnetic properties. The electronic band structures (BS) and the density of state (DOS) were computed using the two PBE–GGA and GGA + U approximations. The thorium (Th)-based ThMn₂X₂ compound has full metallic character, due to the crossing and overlapping of bands across the Fermi level of energy, as well as the absence of a gap through both spin (up and down) channels. There was a significant hybridization between (Mn-d and (X = Si and Ge)-p states of conduction band with Th-f states in the valence band. The total magnetic moment of ThMn₂Si₂ in the ferromagnetic phase was 7.94534 μB, while for ThMn₂Ge₂ it was 8.73824 μB with a major contribution from the Mn atom. In addition, the ThMn₂Ge₂ compound’s total magnetic moment confirmed that it exhibits higher ferromagnetism than does the ThMn₂Si₂ compound.     

硅桥调控的聚茂钒体系电子结构和输运性质

利用密度泛函理论和非平衡格林函数的方法对硅桥调控后的聚茂钒体系（[V（Cp）₂（SiH₂）_n]_m（n=1（a）,n=2（b）,n=3（c）;m=∞;Cp=环戊二烯基））的电子结构和输运性质进行了研究。研究结果表明：随着硅桥的增长,V-V的铁磁性耦合变弱而反铁磁性耦合增强。a和b证实为铁磁性基态,而c更倾向为反铁磁性基态。a和b的铁磁性基态中的每个钒原子的磁距为3.0μ_B,超过钒-苯络合物或者纯聚茂钒体系的3倍。a-c的输运性质同它们的电子结构相一致,导电性变化规律为c > b > a。对于a和b,自旋向下状态的导电性略强于自旋向上状态。a和c都发生了明显的负微分电阻效应而b却没有,这主要是由于两个二茂钒的排列取向不同：a和c（SiH₂为奇数）中二茂钒呈V-型取向排列,进而导致了类似于离子键的量子点耦合,而b（SiH₂是偶数）中二茂钒是平行-型取向排列,从而导致了类似于共价键的量子点耦合。此外,由于散射区和两个电极之间的不对称耦合,a-c的导电性对电压施加方向较敏感。     

原子簇NixFe和NiFex(x=1-5)电子性质的DFT研究

More than one hundred models were designed to reflect the local structure and electronic property of Ni-Fe amorphous alloys. After calculating by DFF method, a series of configurations of clusters NixFe and NiFex （x = 1 - 5） were gained. The configurations, which possessed the lowest energies and non-imaginary frequencies, were considered the most stable optimized structures. The catalytic activity, charge and magnetic properties were analyzed and discussed. The different Fe content changed the catalytic properties of clusters through altering the value of Fermi level of every cluster. However the density of state （DOS） nearby Fermi level and average 3d orbital population of atom Ni, which were also important properties related to the catalytic activation, were little changed. Based on the Fermi level, the activity of catalyst toward hydrogenation reaction would be considered best when the ratio of Ni to Fe was close to 1. The Fermi level of clusters was far distant to the level of nitrogen in singlet state. It would be the reason why the reaction condition in ammonia synthesis and nitrogen fixation process was rigorous. When Fe atom contents were higher than 75% （NiFe3）, the electrons transferred from atom Fe to Ni, but when the ratio was decreased, the transfer was reversed. The ratio of atoms of local structure also played an important role in the aspect of electron transition. On the average 3d orbital population of atom Fe, the average magnetic moments of Fe atoms in clusters were calculated. When Fe atom contents were 50% nearly, the average magnetic moment achieved the highest point.     

Structural,electronic, and magnetic properties of double perovskite Pb2FeReO6 thin films with (001) orientation and three possible terminations

The structural, electronic, and magnetic properties of the three possible terminated (001)‐oriented thin films of the double perovskite Pb₂FeReO₆ compound, 9‐L FeReO₄ terminated, 10‐L FeReO₄+PbO terminated, and 11‐L PbO terminated, have been studied by using the first‐principles calculations. An outward relaxation is observed for several layers near surface, and the relaxed fractional rumpling s of the PbO layer is larger than that of the adjacent FeReO₄ layer, and both have a decrease tend from surface layer to inner layer. The O atom is closer to the adjacent Re atom than to the adjacent Fe atom. Except for Fe or Re transition‐metal (TM) atoms on the film's symmetrical central layer, the two axial TM‐O bond lengths are not equal in the survived FeO₆ or ReO₆ octahedra. The maintained HM‐FM character ensures the three possible terminated (001)‐oriented thin films of the double perovskite Pb₂FeReO₆ compound a potential application in magnetoresistive and spintronics devices. An FM coupling is obtained within each Fe or Re TM sublattice, whereas two TM sublattices are coupled AFM. The delocalized distribution of the spin/magnetic charge densities around the Fe atom on the first FeReO₄ layer leads to a smaller magnetic moment. The remained two Re 5d² electrons are mainly located on the down‐spin t_2g (d_xy, d_yz, and d_zx) orbitals.