柱前手性衍生色谱法拆分DL—氨基酸时流动相的影响

本文利用邻苯二甲醛和Ｎ－乙酰－Ｌ－半胱氨酸作柱前手性衍生化试剂，经反相高效液相色谱法拆分ＤＬ－氨基酸对映体，研究了流动相组成对出峰顺序和分离效果的影响。     

High-Performance Liquid Chromatographic Analysis of Amino Acids in Edible Seaweeds after Derivatization with Phenyl Isothiocyanate

Summary A reversed-phase high-performance liquid-chromatographic method has been used for analysis of the amino acids in edible seaweed. Sample proteins were hydrolysed with hydrochloric acid and the amino acids produced were derivatized with phenyl isothiocyanate. The resulting phenylthiocarbamyl amino acids were chromatographed on an ODS2 column with UV detection at 254 nm. The mobile phase was a mixture of 0.14 M ammonium acetate buffer, pH 6.4, containing 0.05% triethylamine (A) and 60:40 (v/v) acetonitrile–water (B), at a flow rate of 1.1 mL min^–1; the elution gradient (min:A%) was: 0:90, 8:90, 10:70, 12:70, 18:52, 20:0, 25:0, 28:90, 35:90. Method precision for the different amino acids was between 1.33 and 3.88% (relative standard deviation); detection limits were between 6.9 and 14.3 ng mL^–1. The amino acid content of the algae analysed ranged from 22.4 ± 1.9 to 138.0 ± 5.6 mg g^–1 d.w. The amino acids present at highest concentrations were glutamic acid, alanine, and phenylalanine.     

Purification of RhIFN- in Bacteria Bodies with Acetic Acid-Water as Mobile Phase in RPLC

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葡萄酒中游离氨基酸的高效液相色谱法测定

采用邻苯二甲醛衍生化法衍生葡萄酒中的游离氨基酸，以反相高效液相色谱法对葡萄酒中１８种氨基酸进行了测定，方法简单、迅速，２５ｍｉｎ即可完成１８种氨基酸的分离。精密度及回收率实验结果令人满意。     

Enantiomeric Resolution of Amino Acids by Reversed Phase High Performance Liquid Chromatography Using a New Chiral Mobile Phase

Abstract

The synthesis of a new chiral agent, (R,R) (-)N, N'-trans-1, 2-dihexylcyclohexanediamine, for the chromatographic resolution of racemates is reported. Highly selective separations of D- and L-isomers of free and Dns-amino acids were accomplished on a reversed-phase column using in the mobile phase a Cu(II) complex of the above chiral selector. The procedure was extended to resolve diastereomeric derivatives, which were obtained by reaction of an optically active amine with o-phthaldeyde in the presence of N-acetyl-L-cysteine.     

Fast Analysis of Free Amino Acids in Tobacco by HPLC with Fluorescence Detection and Automated Derivatization

A fast, simple, and sensitive HPLC method for the determination of free amino acids in tobacco was described. A fully automated sample processor performed precolumn derivatization of both primary and secondary amino acids with o‐phthalaldehyde/3‐mercaptopropionic acid and 9‐fluorenylmethyl chloroformate (FMOC‐Cl), respectively. All reactions were fully automated by means of an injector programme and accomplished in 10 min. Sample preparation consisted of a single step of extraction with 0.1 mol/L HCl at ambient temperature (assisted by sonication) in 30 min, followed by filtration of an aliquot and derivatization. By optimization of sample preparation and HPLC conditions, separation of 20 amino acids in 30 min was achieved. Detection limits ranged from 0.50 to 1.40 μg/g; coefficients of variation ranged from 1.8% to 3.9%; recoveries ranged from 84.6% to 108.5%. The method was applied to the analysis of amino acids contents of tobacco leaves in different varieties and flue‐curing period.     

Enantiomeric Separation of Non-Protein Amino Acids by Chiral Ligand-Exchange High-Performance Liquid Chromatography

Abstract

The enantiomeric separation by high-performance liquid chromatography of underivatized non-protein amino acids was investigated by using a column packed with octadecylsilanized silica coated with N,S-dioctyl-D-penicillamine as a chiral ligand-exchange phase (Sumichiral OA-5000). Excellent to good separations of enantiomers were achieved with a variety of nonprotein amino acids carrying aliphatic or aromatic side-chains by optimizing the amount (0-20%, v/v) of the organic component (2-propanol) and the concentration (1-5 mM) of the complexing metal ion (Cu²⁺) in the hydro-organic eluent.     

一种色谱保留模型的改进及二茂铁衍生物保留值的预测

二茂铁衍生物在四氢呋喃－甲醇－水三元溶剂系统中的保留符合Ｋｏｗａｌｓｋａ所提出的物理化学保留模型１。但由于模型１没有考虑到化学计量问题，故其结果不够精确。本文在模型１中引入粘度系数来定量表示化学计量关系，得到明显优于模型１的模型２。鉴于ＨＰＬＣ系统中常以ｌｏｇＫ’表示保留值，本文以ｌｏｇＫ代替模型１，２中的Ｒｆ值，简化了计算。     

大亚湾沉积物中氨基酸的垂直分布棗沉积物柱样W0中的游离氨基酸

用邻苯二甲醛（OPA）－3－巯基丙酸（3－MPA）柱前衍生高效液相色谱法测定了采自大亚湾近岸海域的一个长60cm的沉积物柱样W0中15种游离氨基酸（FAA）的含量，结果表明，W0中FAA总量在0．83－2．69mmol/kg之间，15种FAA以及FAA总量均随深度而以指数曲线降低，对氨基酸组成的分析表明，天冬氨酸，甘氨酸，组氨酸和苯丙氨酸的摩尔分数随深度而上升，苏氨酸，精氨酸，缬氨酸和异亮氨酸的摩尔分数随浓度而下降，其他氨基酸的摩尔分数随深度无显著变化，甘氨酸，丙氨酸，天冬氨酸，谷氨酸，丝氨酸是W0中含量最丰富的氨基酸，其摩尔数依次为28．1％，16．0％，14．7％，10．6％和7．2％。     

去甲万古霉素键合手性固定相在反相条件下拆分氨基酸类衍生物

使用合成的大环抗生素-去甲万古霉素键合手性固定相(NVC-CSP),在反相条件下直接拆分了4种丹酰化氨基酸对映异构体,并系统考察了缓冲溶液pH值、有机改性剂用量、温度以及流速对对映体拆分的影响。研究结果表明,在反相条件下,疏水作用和静电作用是影响溶质保留和手性选择性的重要因素,其手性识别的机理类似于蛋白质类手性固定相。     

保留方程式和流动相体积

从溶质的保留方程式出发,讨论了液相色谱柱中流动相体积V_m和各种测量V_m方法. 借助乙腈在C₈键合相上的绝对吸附等温线,评价了这些测量方法的局限性.     

Validation of an Ion-Interaction Chromatography Analysis of Underivatized Amino Acids in Commercial Preparation Using Evaporative Light Scattering Detection

A liquid chromatographic procedure using ion interaction reagent and evaporative light scattering detection was developed and validated for the direct quantification of 8 underivatized amino acids (threonine, lysine, valine, methionine, isoleucine, leucine, phenylalanine and tryptophan) present simultaneously in a commercial preparation. The chromatographic separation was achieved on a Purospher RP-18e column with an acetonitrile gradient and using heptafluorobutyric acid as volatile ion interaction reagent. Acceptable levels of linearity, specificity, precision, accuracy, robustness and limits of detection were achieved during the validation of the method. Detection limits varied from 1 mg.L^–1 to 2 mg.L^–1 depending on the amino acid being analyzed. The results of this method agree to within 98.6%–102.5% when compared to the manufacturers certificate of analysis obtained with the standard amino acid autoanalyser method. This approach yields a simple, universal method that is well suited for amino acid analysis, when a sufficient quantity is available. Only basic LC instrumentation with an ELSD is necessary for this procedure.     

胶束电动毛细管色谱分离氨基酸和磷酸化氨基酸

本文报道了胶束电动毛细管色谱分离、汞灯诱导荧光电荷耦合器件检测分析氨基酸和磷酸化氨基酸的 4-氟 - 7-硝基苯 - 2 - 口恶 - 1 ,3-丫唑衍生物。研究表明 ,在 p H9.35的 1 0 mmol/L硼砂和 1 0 mmol/L十二烷基硫酸钠的电泳缓冲介质中 ,5种氨基酸和 3种磷酸化氨基酸在 1 0 min内完全分离 ,检测灵敏度为 1 .2 1× 1 0 - 8～ 5 .2 1×1 0 - 8mol/L ,分离效率达 7.3× 1 0 5～ 3.0× 1 0 5/m理论塔板数 ,结果令人满意     

苯酚、马尿酸和甲基马尿酸的反相高效液相色谱分析

本文提出了人体内苯、甲苯和二甲苯的代谢产物苯酚、马尿酸和甲基马尿酸的反相高效液相色谱分析法,讨论了其保留机制和样品预处理技术.以ODS为固定相,甲醇-水-醋酸为流动相时可实现良好分离.方法回收率为97.3%,相对标准偏差为1.02%.提出的方法可用于尿样分析,适用于临床与职业病防治的监测分析.     

高效液相色谱法测定羊水中兴奋性氨基酸、抑制性氨基酸的含量

建立了反相高效液相色谱法测定羊水中兴奋性氨基酸天门冬氨酸、谷氨酸,抑制性氨基酸甘氨酸含量的方法,色谱柱为LUNAC18柱(4.6mm×250mm,5μm),流动相为乙腈水(V/V),按低压梯度洗脱,梯度系统0～4min,乙腈40%;4～20min,乙腈40%～52%;20～30min,乙腈52%～60%;30～40min,乙腈60%～40%。流速0.8mL/min,柱温40℃,紫外检测波长260nm;进样量10μL。结果显示,天门冬氨酸、谷氨酸和甘氨酸三者的线性范围均为2.5～85mg/L;标准加入的回收率为99.6%～102.6%。本方法灵敏度高、测定结果可靠。用本方法对201例不同孕期的羊水作兴奋性和抑制性氨基酸检测,发现羊水中3种氨基酸随妊娠进展而增加的趋势,胎儿畸形或宫内缺氧时羊水中这3种氨基酸水平明显升高。     

离子液体作高效液相色谱流动相添加剂分离测定芳香族羧酸

以离子液体作反相高效液相色谱流动相添加剂,建立了分离测定对氨基苯甲酸、邻苯二甲酸、对羟基苯甲酸、水杨酸、苯甲酸、邻甲苯甲酸6种芳香族羧酸的方法。以C18反相色谱柱为分离柱,采用紫外检测方法,以离子液体作高效液相色谱流动相添加剂,考察了检测波长、甲醇含量、离子液体溶液的pH值、离子液体烷基链长度以及离子液体溶液浓度等分离及测定条件。优化得到的色谱条件为:以甲醇和1.0mmol/L 1-丁基-3-甲基咪唑四氟硼酸盐水溶液(pH 3.0)(体积比40∶60)为流动相;检测波长240 nm;流速1.0 mL/min;柱温30℃。在优化条件下对6种芳香族羧酸进行梯度洗脱,约在16.5 min内分离完全;在5~120 mg/L范围内,线性系数均在0.999以上;检出限为0.026~0.082 mg/L。方法的平均加标回收率为98.3%~103.8%,相对标准偏差不高于0.63%。将该方法应用于药品复方紫荆皮水杨酸溶液和足君清酊剂中芳香族羧酸的测定,结果满意。     

柱前衍生高效液相色谱测定小儿复方氨基酸注射液中氨基酸

建立了高效液相色谱(HPLC)测定小儿复方氨基酸注射液中各种氨基酸含量的方法.采用Kromasil C18(250×4.6 mm,5 μm)色谱柱,以2,4-二硝基氟苯为衍生试剂,梯度洗脱.流动相A为乙腈∶水(50∶50,V/V),流动相B为0.04 mol/L的磷酸二氢钾溶液(pH=6.8);流速为1.0 mL/min;检测波长为360 nm.所测氨基酸的线性范围为0.008～0.2213 mg/mL,平均回收率在97.85%～102.86%之间.     

Silica Immobilised Chloro- and Amido-Derivatives of Eremomycine as Chiral Stationary Phases for the Enantioseparation of Amino Acids by Reversed-Phase Liquid Chromatography

Macrocyclic glycopeptide antibiotics immobilized on silica are one of the effective classes of stationary phases for chiral recognition and HPLC separation of a wide range of optically active compounds. Enantioselectivity primarily depends on the chemical structure of the chiral ligand, immobilization chemistry, and separation conditions. In the present work, three new chiral stationary phases (CSPs) based on macrocyclic antibiotic eremomycin were prepared and investigated for enantioseparation of amino acids. Two eremomycin derivatives, including simple non-substituted amide and bulky adamantyl amide, provided important information on the role of the carboxylic group in the eremomycin structure in the chiral recognition mechanism concerning amino acid optical isomers. One more CSP having a chlorine atom in the same position elucidates the role of the first aromatic ring in the eremomycin structure as a crucial point for chiral recognition. CSP with immobilized chloreremomycin was the most successful among the phases prepared in this work. It was additionally investigated under various separation conditions, including the type and content of the organic solvent in the eluent, the effects of different additives, and the concentration and pH of the buffer. Importantly, an efficient enantioselective separation of amino acids was achieved with pure water as the eluent.     

Ethylammonium Acetate as a Mobile Phase Modifier for Reversed Phase Liquid Chromatography

We have synthesized the low melting hygroscopic ionic liquid ethylammonium acetate (EAA) and characterized a concentrated solution of EAA as a reversed phase mobile phase replacement for organic solvents like methanol. This solution of EAA acts like an organic solvent with a polarity parameter (P=6.0) similar to methanol (P=5.1) but less than water (P=10.2). A test mixture of salicylate, nitrofurantoin, and acetophenone was separated in this order on C1, C4, and C18 columns using an EAA modified aqueous mobile phase. On a C-18 column, the reduction in retention factor for acetophenone from about 20 to 2 as the % EAA is raised from 20–80% is similar to the same trend found using methanol. However, the retention order using methanol is first nitrofurantoin, then salicylate, and finally acetophenone. Log retention factor (k) versus the volume fraction of either EAA or methanol plots were linear indicating the solvent strength parameter for EAA was about 85% of that for methanol. Despite the relatively high viscosity of EAA, plate count values averaged only about 15% less for EAA as compared to methanol using the same mobile phase composition and could be raised by either working at a temperature above ambient or reducing the flow rate. EAA as a modifier allowed for faster separations of water-soluble vitamins on a reversed phase column designed for totally 100% aqueous mobile phases.Acknowledgements This work was supported by a grant from the Miami University Committee on Faculty Research. We thank ES Industries for the gift of the AquaSep column.