Entropy Treatment of Evolution Algebras

In this paper, by introducing an entropy of Markov evolution algebras, we treat the isomorphism of S-evolution algebras. A family of Markov evolution algebras is defined through the Hadamard product of structural matrices of non-negative real S-evolution algebras, and their isomorphism is studied by means of their entropy. Furthermore, the isomorphism of S-evolution algebras is treated using the concept of relative entropy.     

玻璃模具的化学处理

本文介绍了如何解决光学玻璃模具易破碎的问题。作者对某些牌号的玻璃,根据不同的用途,不同的性质进行了多次试验,研究出了增加光学玻璃模具强度的新工艺,从而使玻璃模具的力学性能成倍的提高。     

General Treatment of Orbiting GyroscopePrecession

We review the derivation of the metric for a spinning body of any shape andcomposition using linearized general relativity theory (LGRT), and also obtainthe same metric using a transformation argument. The latter derivation makes itclear that the linearized metric contains only the Eddington and parameters,so no new parameter is involved in frame-dragging or Lense—Thirring effects.We then calculate the precession of an orbiting gyroscope in a general weakgravitational field described by a Newtonian potential (the gravitoelectric field)and a vector potential (the gravitomagnetic field). Next we make a multipoleanalysis of the potentials and the precession equations, giving all of these interms of the spherical harmonics moments of the density distribution. The analysisis not limited to an axially symmetric source, although the Earth, which is themain application, is very nearly axisymmetric. Finally, we analyze the precessionin regard to the Gravity Probe B (GP-B) experiment, and find that the effect ofthe Earth's quadrupole moment (J ₂) on the geodetic precession is large enoughto be measured by GP-B (a previously known result), but the effect on theLense—Thirring precession is somewhat beyond the expected GP-B accuracy.     

超光滑基片等离子体表面处理研究

通过对射频功率、反应室压强和处理时间等参量进行实验,系统研究了等离子体处理对基片表面状态的影响.结果表明,等离子体处理可以溅射去除加工变质层,降低表面粗糙度,提高基片表面洁净度和表面能.优化后的参量证实,经等离子处理的基片比未经等离子体处理的基片镀膜后损耗平均降低34.2 ppm,并且显示出良好的一致性.     

Treatment of Confinement in Three-Quark Calculations

 The treatment of confining interactions in non-relativistic three-quark systems is addressed. Usually in the Faddeev equations the Faddeev components are coupled by the total potential. In the new treatment proposed here the Faddeev components are coupled only by the non-confining short-range part of the potential, thus allowing its channel-by-channel investigation. The convergence in angular-momentum channels is much faster. Received August 28, 1998; accepted for publication October 16, 1998     

Treatment of kurtosis in financial markets

Since Mandelbrot (1963) [2] highlighted the fact that data on the yield of financial assets exhibit leptokurtosis, different distributions have been presented as alternatives to the normal distribution. So far little consideration has been given to the capacity that these distributions have to recover the kurtosis of the sample data. Our work aims to present distributions which, given the broad range of their kurtosis, have the capacity to perform adjustment on many occasions where other distributions fail, while also being capable of recovering the peakedness of the empirical data. Another key characteristic of these distributions is that they are defined within a bounded domain in the same way as the sample data. An empirical application of these distributions is presented within the financial field by using daily returns.     

Treatment of spent NTA-based decontamination solutions

This study deals with potential treatment of spent NTA-containing decontamination solutions for final disposal. The method proposed is based on the degradation of organic substances followed by the separation of radionuclides. The influence of various parameters (pH value, irradiation time, temperature, catalyst amount, type and various combinations of catalysts) on photocatalytic degradation of NTA has been studied. Photo-Fenton reagent (Fe³⁺/H₂O₂) as a homogenous catalyst was found to be much more efficient than the TiO₂-based heterogeneous catalyst Degussa P25. Under optimum conditions NTA in a simulant of a spent decontamination solution without or with hydrazine could be degraded within 5 or 9 hours, respectively. The study of sorption properties of a series of absorbers revealed that radiostrontium and radiosilver can be effectively removed from the simulant of a spent decontamination solution even in the presence of NTA, while total NTA degradation is necessary for effective radiocobalt separation.     

Mathematical Modelling of Malaria with Treatment

This paper proposes a Susceptible-Infective-Susceptible (SIS) model to study the malaria transmission with treatment by considering logistic growth of mosquito population. In this work, it is assumed that the treatment rate is proportional to the number of infectives below the capacity and is constant when the number of infectives is greater than the capacity. We find that the system exhibits backward bifurcation if the capacity is small and it gives bi-stable equilibria which makes the system more sensitive to the initial conditions. The existence and stability of the equilibria of the model are discussed in detail and numerical simulations are presented to illustrate the numerical results.     

Aluminum Ion Beam Treatment of Zirconium Ceramics

Russian Physics Journal - The paper presents the radiation and thermal treatment of zirconium ceramics with high-energy Al ion beams generated at an accelerating voltage of 1.5 kV, which modifies...     

Radiobiological Implications of Nanoparticles Following Radiation Treatment

Materials with a high atomic number (Z) are shown to cause an increase in the level of cell kill by ionizing radiation when introduced into tumor cells. This study uses in vitro experiments to investigate the differences in radiosensitization between two cell lines (MCF-7 and U87) and three commercially available nanoparticles (gold, gadolinium, and iron oxide) irradiated by 6 MV X-rays. To assess cell survival, clonogenic assays are carried out for all variables considered, with a concentration of 0.5 mg mL⁻¹ for each nanoparticle material used. This study demonstrates differences in cell survival between nanoparticles and cell line. U87 shows the greatest enhancement with gadolinium nanoparticles (2.02 ± 0.36), whereas MCF-7 cells have higher enhancement with gold nanoparticles (1.74 ± 0.08). Mass spectrometry, however, shows highest elemental uptake with iron oxide and U87 cells with 4.95 ± 0.82 pg of iron oxide per cell. A complex relationship between cellular elemental uptake is demonstrated, highlighting an inverse correlation with the enhancement, but a positive relation with DNA damage when comparing the same nanoparticle between the two cell lines.     

Quantum Chemical Treatment of Strong Electron Correlations

We discuss the problem of treating strongly correlated electrons by quantum chemical methods. It is shown how an incremental computational scheme for the ground-state energy can be related to a generalization of Faddeev's equations. We also discuss the application of the local increment method to lithium metal by the study of a Li₈ cluster.     

BiCaInVIG磁光晶体的筛选与处理

对于法拉第光隔离器,其内法拉第旋转器所采用的磁光晶体的光学性能直接决定了光隔离器的性能。从透射光谱、设计波长透射率、镀制增透膜等方面对BiCalnVIG磁光晶体的筛选与．处理进行了研究。     

Unifying Treatment of Discord via Relative Entropy

A new form of zero-discord state via Petz’s monotonicity condition on relative entropy with equality has been derived systematically. A generalization of symmetric zero-discord states is presented and the related physical implications are discussed.     

Heat Treatment of the Photonic Crystal Fiber

We report heat treatment of the photonic crystal fiber. As the temperature was increased, the transmission of the photonic crystal fiber was increased, unlike conventional single mode fiber. The transmission increase at short wavelength region was larger than long wavelength region for the various temperatures. After crystallization of the silica glass, the spectra of the photonic crystal fiber were just decreased at all wavelength regions, but, in case of the single mode fiber, the absorption in visible region around 450 nm increased with increasing temperature.     

Statistical Treatment of Low-Energy Nuclear Level Schemes

The level density parameter and the back shift energy E1 are determined for nuclei with A-values across the whole periodic table from fits to complete level schemes at low excitation energy near the neutron binding energies.We find that the energy back shift E1 shows complicated behavior and depends on the type of the nucleus,even-even,odd mass,and odd-odd.The spin cut-off factor has also been investigated for nuclei mentioned above.The results arecompared with the previous results and different experimental data on level densities.     

Realistic Langevin Treatment of Fission-Fragment Energy Distribution

The average kinetic energy and its variance of fission fragments for the compound nucleus ²¹³At are calculated by four-dimensional Langevin equation. Two collective coordinates are taken into account: the distance p between the centers of the nascent fragments and the neck parameter h using the {c, h, a} parametrization. The model allows for a realistic coordinate dependence of all coeficien ts appearing in the Langevin equation as computed by the Werner-Wheeler method. The diffusion process for thc fissioning nuclear system from the ground state to the scission line on the realistic energy surface is investigated. The results are in good agreement with the experiments.