反相高效液相色谱法测定喜树果中喜树碱的含量

采用反相高效液相色谱法,在Kromasil C18色谱柱(5 μm,250 mmx4.6 mm i.d.)上,以甲醇-水(体积比为60∶40)为流动相分离测定了喜树果中的喜树碱。流动相的流速为0.8 mL/min,紫外检测波长为254 nm。样品前处理中,采用了超临界CO2萃取(乙醇作提携剂)、甲醇-氯仿温浸的方法从喜树果中提取喜树碱。实验结果表明,该法的平均回收率为95.8%-100.8%,相对标准偏差为1.2%-2.0%。方法快速、准确,可用于实际样品的测定。     

高效液相色谱法测定食品中纳他霉素

提出了高效液相色谱法测定食品中纳他霉素的方法,样品经甲醇-水(3+1)溶液提取净化后,用高效液相色谱配紫外检测器在305 nm波长处测定.纳他霉素的检测采用保留时间定性,外标法定量.方法的回收率在95.7%～102.0%之间,相对标准偏差均小于3%.方法的检出限(3S/N)为0.50 μg·g-1(固体样品),0.25 mg·L-1(液体样品).     

加速溶剂萃取-高效液相色谱法测定土壤中咪唑乙烟酸残留量

建立了加速溶剂萃取-高效液相色谱法测定土壤中咪唑乙烟酸除草剂残留量的检测方法.加标土壤样品以V(甲醇)∶V(冰乙酸)＝5∶1作提取剂,在温度50 ℃,压力9 MPa下静态萃取10 min,提取物用高效液相色谱二极管阵列检测器进行分析.色谱柱为ODS柱,流动相为V(甲醇)∶V(水)∶V(冰乙酸)＝50∶46∶4,流量: 1 mL/min;检测波长: 254 nm.结果表明: 1和10 μg/g的加标回收率分别为90%和86%,相对标准偏差分别为4.1%和4.5%,检出限可达0.006 μg/g.     

高效液相色谱-原子荧光法测定农作物中无机硒的含量

采用磷酸二氢钾-硫酸铜溶液超声提取,离心过0.45μm滤膜后,高效液相色谱-原子荧光光谱仪测定农作物样品中的Se(Ⅳ)和Se(Ⅵ)含量。本方法的检出限为：Se(Ⅳ)1.5μg/kg,Se(Ⅵ)为1.5μg/kg。本方法的精密度(RSD)为5.8-8.2%和回收率为81.5%-92.5%。     

超高效液相色谱-质谱对动物源食品中氯丙嗪、异丙嗪及其代谢物的测定

建立了动物源食品中吩噻嗪类药物氯丙嗪、异丙嗪及其代谢物氯丙嗪亚砜和异丙嗪亚砜同时测定的固相萃取超高效液相色谱-电喷雾电离串联四极杆质谱(UPLC-ESI MS/MS)方法.样品用乙酸乙酯和氢氧化钠溶液提取,Oasis HLB柱富集净化,超高效液相色谱-电喷雾串联四极杆质谱仪检测,采用多反应监测正离子模式,可以一次性对动物源性食品中的吩噻嗪类药物氯丙嗪、异丙嗪及其代谢物氯丙嗪亚砜和异丙嗪亚砜进行定性和定量测定.方法在 1 ～100 μg/L范围具有良好的线性,回收率为76% ～96%,定量下限(S/N＞10)为异丙嗪5 μg/kg,氯丙嗪、氯丙嗪亚砜、异丙嗪亚砜1 μg/kg.检出限(S/N=3)为异丙嗪1.5 μg/kg,氯丙嗪、氯丙嗪亚砜、异丙嗪亚砜0.3 μg/kg.     

高效液相色谱-电喷雾串联质谱法测定蜂蜜中5种头孢菌素

建立了用高效液相色谱-电喷雾串联质谱(LC-MS-MS)测定蜂蜜中5种头孢菌素残留量的方法.蜂蜜样品用磷酸盐缓冲溶液溶解,经Oasis HLB固相萃取柱净化.5种头孢菌素在C18柱上以乙腈-水为流动相梯度洗脱条件下完成分离,电喷雾电离串联质谱在正离子多反应监测模式下进行测定.添加浓度在2～100 μg/kg范围时,回收率为84.2%～103.6%; 相对标准偏差为3.89%～9.08%.本方法头孢唑啉的定量限为10 μg/kg, 头孢匹林、头孢氨苄、头孢洛宁、头孢喹肟的定量限为2.0 μg/kg.     

高效液相法测定化妆品中对乙酰氨基酚

建立高效液相色谱法测定化妆品中对乙酰氨基酚的方法,并用液相色谱-质谱联用仪对疑似结果进行确证分析。样品经甲醇超声提取,使用C_(18)色谱柱(250 mm×4.6 mm,5μm)分离,以甲醇-乙腈-乙酸铵溶液(体积比为20:10:70)为流动相等度洗脱,采用二级管阵列检测器(DAD)检测,以标准曲线法定量。对乙酰氨基酚在245 nm波长处有最大吸收,其质量浓度在10-400μg/mL范围内与色谱峰面积线性关系良好,线性相关系数大为0.9999。在不同类型空白基质中进行加标回收试验,加标回收率为97.73%-101.00%,测定结果的相对标准偏差为0.04%-0.74%。     

高效液相色谱法测定水性涂料中碘丙炔醇丁基氨甲酸酯

建立高效液相色谱法测定水性涂料中生物杀伤剂碘丙炔醇丁基氨甲酸酯的分析方法。1.00 g水性涂料样品用约8 mL的甲醇超声提取10 min,冷却至室温后,用甲醇稀释至10.0 mL,以20 000 r/min转速离心5 min,上清液用0.22 μm有机相滤膜过滤,采用高效液相色谱/二极管阵列检测器(HPLC/DAD)测定滤液中碘丙炔醇丁基氨甲酸酯的含量。以甲醇–0.05 mol/L磷酸二氢钾溶液(用磷酸调节pH至4.0±0.05)为流动相进行等度洗脱,采用Shim–pack GIST C₁₈色谱柱(250 mm×4.6 mm,5 μm)分离,检测波长为230 nm。碘丙炔醇丁基氨甲酸酯的质量浓度在8.0～200.0 μg/mL范围内与其对应的色谱峰面积线性关系良好,相关系数为0.999 9,检出限为43 mg/kg。样品加标回收率为87.5%～99.6%,测定结果的相对标准偏差为1.36%～2.98%(n=6)。     

超高效液相色谱-串联质谱法测定浓缩苹果汁中的熊果苷

建立浓缩苹果汁样品中熊果苷的固相萃取-超高效液相色谱-串联质谱(SPE-UPLC-MS/MS)检测方法。浓缩苹果汁样品用水溶解、过滤后,用聚苯乙烯-二乙烯基苯共聚物(PS-DVB)固相萃取柱净化,外标法定量。测定时用Eclipse Plus C18色谱柱(100 mm×2.1 mm, 1.8 μm)分离,甲醇-水系统梯度洗脱;MS测定采用多反应监测(MRM)模式。熊果苷的检出限为0.02 mg/L,在0.04～2.0 mg/L的范围内标准溶液的峰面积与质量浓度呈良好的线性关系,回收率为75.2%～102.7%,相对标准偏差(RSD)低于8.9%。该方法简便、快速、灵敏,可用于浓缩苹果汁样品中熊果苷的检测和确证。     

高效液相色谱-串联质谱法同时测定红小豆中残留的6种咪唑啉酮类除草剂

建立了同时测定红小豆中6种咪唑啉酮类除草剂残留的高效液相色谱-串联质谱分析方法。样品经0.1 mol/L NH4HCO3(pH 5)-甲醇(体积比为70∶30)溶液提取,二氯甲烷液-液萃取和凝胶渗透色谱净化后,采用Inertsil ODS-3色谱柱(2.1 mm×150 mm, 5 μm)分离,以甲醇-0.1%乙酸为流动相梯度洗脱,离子阱质谱在选择离子模式下测定。咪唑啉酮类除草剂在10～200 μg/L(灭草喹在5～100 μg/L)内线性关系良好,相关系数为0.9987～0.9997;方法的检出限为0.2～0.5 μg/kg;在红小豆中3个加标水平的平均加标回收率为81.6%～99.4%,相对标准偏差为3.1%～7.8%。该方法简便、灵敏度高、精密度好,适用于红小豆中多种咪唑啉酮类除草剂残留的测定。     

二氧化碳和丙烯直接合成甲基丙烯酸的NiPMo/TiO2催化剂的研究

用溶胶-凝胶法以磷钼酸(MPA)的镍盐溶液水解钛酸四丁酯制备了NiPMo/TiO2催化剂.使用ICP、 XRD、 TG-DTA、 IR、 TPD-MS和微反应技术研究了催化剂的化学组成、热稳定性、化学吸附性质和催化反应性能.杂多钼酸盐与TiO2通过O2-在TiO2表面发生了键合.在623 K下,杂多阴离子仍保持原有的Keggin结构.CO2在Lewis酸位Ni(Ⅱ)和Lewis碱位Ni-O-Mo的桥氧协同作用下生成CO2卧式吸附态Ni(Ⅱ)←O-(CO)←(O--Ni).丙烯有多种吸附态在催化剂上吸附.在563 K、 1 MPa和空速1500 h-1的反应条件下,丙烯的摩尔转化率为3.2%,产物MAA选择性为95%.     

Toward new camptothecins. Part 6: Synthesis of crucial ketones and their use in Friedländer reaction

In the context of the preparation of camptothecin and luotonin A analogs, the synthesis of some key keto-precursors and their use in Friedländer condensation are described. This paper also focuses on the stability of these keto intermediates and emphasizes the major differences between indolizinones and pyrroloquinazolinones series. Noteworthy is also the report of some original structures isolated as by-products of some experiments.     

CoFe2O4自形成磁性液体场致结构化对磁化的影响

The Langevin paramagnetic theory can’t describe the relation between magnetization of ferrofluids and applied magnetic field. The structuralization of ferrofluids, which is considered the main influence factor of the magnetization, is regarded. The part of magnetization works is deposited when the structure is forming. This action influences the magnetization of ferrofluids directly or indirectly. On the base of the “compressing” model, the Langevin function that usually describes the magnetization of ferrofluid is modified, and a well-fitted curve is obtained. An equation of the relation between the equivalent volume fraction after being “compressed” and the intensity of magnetic field is discovered, which approximately describes the process of magnetization. The relation between the approximate initial susceptibility and the volume fraction can be obtained from modified formula.     

Highly regioselective Buchwald–Hartwig amination at C-2 of 2,4-dichloropyridine enabling a novel approach to 2,4-bisanilinopyridine (BAPyd) libraries

The highly regioselective Buchwald–Hartwig amination at C-2 of the cheap and readily accessible reagent, 2,4-dichloropyridine with a range of anilines and heterocyclic amines is described. This new methodology is robust and provides a facile access to 4-chloro-N-phenylpyridin-2-amines on 0.25 mol scale. These intermediates undergo a further Buchwald–Hartwig amination at higher temperature to enable rapid exploration of the chemical space at C-4 and to provide a library of 2,4-bisaminopyridines.     

KMnO4-mediated oxidative CN bond cleavage of tertiary amines: Synthesis of amides and sulfonamides

KMnO₄-mediated oxidative CN bond cleavage of tertiary amines producing secondary amine was introduced, which was trapped by electrophiles (acyl chloride and sulfonyl chloride) to form amides and sulfonamides. The reaction could take place at mild condition, tolerating a wide range of function groups and affording products in moderate to excellent yields.     

Chemistry of heterocyclic compounds at the A. E. Favorsky Irkutsk Institute of Chemistry, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, over 50 years (Review)

The review contains a concise historical account and information on the most significant researches undertaken by the staff at the A. E. Favorsky Irkutsk Institute of Chemistry, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences on the Chemistry of Heterocyclic Compounds. Dedicated to Academician of the Russian Academy of Sciences B. A. Trofimov on his 70th jubilee. Translated from Khimiya Geterotsiklicheskikh Soedinenii, No. 10, pp. 1443–1502, October, 2008.     

Sulfur-directed metal-free and regiospecific methyl C(sp3)–H imidation of thioanisoles

Regiospecific and direct imidation of the methyl C(sp³)–H bond of thioanisoles is realized under mild and metal-free conditions with N-fluorobis(benzenesulfonyl)imide as an oxidant and nitrogen source. Proposed mechanism suggests that thionium ion intermediates and a Pummerer-type reaction are involved. The imidation has advantages such as high step-economy, excellent functionality tolerance, and regiospecificity, giving structurally diverse imidation products.     

Selective syntheses of 2H-1,3-oxazines and 1H-pyrrol-3(2H)-ones via temperature-dependent Rh(II)-carbenoid-mediated 2H-azirine-ring expansion

The Rh(II)-catalyzed reaction of 2-carbonyl-substituted 2H-azirines with ethyl 2-cyano-2-diazoacetate or 2-diazo-3,3,3-trifluoropropionate provides an easy access to 2H-1,3-oxazines and 1H-pyrrol-3(2H)-ones. These compounds can be selectively prepared from the same starting material using temperature as the only varied parameter. The 2-azabuta-1,3-diene intermediate, a common precursor for both heterocyclic products, isomerizes into 2H-1,3-oxazine under kinetic control, while 1H-pyrrol-3(2H)-one is the sole product of the reaction at elevated temperatures. According to DFT-calculations a one-atom oxazine ring contraction involving ring-opening to a 2-azabuta-1,3-diene intermediate, followed by a 1,5- and 1,2-prototropic shift leads to the consecutive formation of imidoylketene and azomethine ylide, which then further undergo cyclization to the pyrrole derivative.     

Synthesis of 1-benzyloxypyrazin-2(1H)-one derivatives

Different approaches for the synthesis of 1-benzyloxypyrazin-2(1H)-one derivatives from simple amino acids have been investigated. A library of 33 precursors for the preparation of N-hydroxy pyrazinones was obtained in moderate to good yields.