基于电聚合作用的脂质体免疫传感器检测血液中2,4-二氯苯氧乙酸

利用旋蒸法和挤压法制备脂质体,通过脂质体包埋亚铁氰化钾,利用戊二醛交联2,4-二氯苯氧乙酸(2,4-D)兔抗制成免疫脂质体,制备快速检测血液中2,4-D的夹心型免疫传感器.实验结果表明:2,4-D在75 ng/mL～50 μg/mL浓度范围内呈现良好的线性关系,检测下限达到了36.42 ng/mL.该免疫传感器选择性强...     

基于脂质体信号增强癌胚抗原电化学免疫传感器的研究

研究了在玻碳电极利用巯基乙胺固定纳米金、然后纳米金固载癌胚抗体(Ab1),采用脂质体包裹电子媒介体硫堇,脂质体周围联接标记辣根过氧化物酶(HRP)的癌胚抗体(Ab2)对其传感器进行信号放大,通过循环伏安法考察了该免疫传感器的电化学特性,在优化的实验条件下,该免疫传感器的峰电流随着检测溶液中癌胚抗原(CEA)浓度的增大而增大,并在0.05～200 ng/mL CEA范围内呈现线性关系,回归方程为:Δi=0.20+0.24ρ(ng/mL);检测限为:18pg/mL(R=0.9947)。该免疫传感器可用于临床上对CEA的检测。     

以自制的吗啡脂质体免疫传感器为工作电极差示脉冲伏安法测定尿液中吗啡的含量北大核心CSCD

制备了氮掺杂有序介孔碳/铂纳米粒子(Pt-N-OMC)复合材料,并用透射电镜对其进行表征。将此复合材料的Nafion溶液滴涂于金电极表面,制得Pt-N-OMC/Au修饰电极。另行制备了包埋有电活性物质亚铁氰化钾的脂质体,并在其水悬浮液中加入吗啡抗体溶液,制得吗啡免疫脂质体。将Pt-N-OMC/Au修饰电极插入吗啡免疫脂质体的吡咯溶液中,用循环伏安法扫描10次,利用吡咯的电聚合作用将吗啡抗体直接固定到上述修饰电极上,制得吗啡脂质体免疫传感器,作为工作电极,用差示脉冲伏安法测定尿样中吗啡的含量。结果表明:在pH 7.0的磷酸盐缓冲溶液中,吗啡的质量浓度在1.0～500.0μg·L-1内与其峰电流呈线性关系,检出限(3S/N)为0.120 7μg·L-1,加标回收率为95.8%～102%,测定值的相对标准偏差(n=6)为1.5%～4.7%。     

环境污染物的免疫传感检测方法进展

本文首先从免疫传感器的构建开始论述,对近5年有关免疫传感器用于环境污染物检测的文章进行了分类和归纳,对其中的三大热点进行了详细介绍,即全内反射荧光、光波导模式谱和表面等离子共振免疫传感器.其次对该领域的研究现状进行了分析,重点从信号放大技术、多组分检测、传感器的再生以及自动化和小型化等方面进行评述.最后,对免疫传感器用于环境污染物检测的发展趋势作了讨论.     

基于壳聚糖-二茂铁/碳纳米管传导复合物的无标记安培型免疫传感器

免疫传感器是将免疫测定法与高灵敏的传感技术相结合而构建的一类新型生物传感器,应用于痕量免疫原性物质的分析研究.在各类免疫传感器研究中,安培型免疫传感器因其高灵敏度和简单的仪器设备引起了国内外许多学者的兴趣~([2]).然而,抗原和抗体没有电活性,通常需要对抗原或抗体进行步骤复杂的标记以制备安培型免疫传感器,并提高传感器的检测灵敏度.     

功能性纳米材料在电化学免疫传感器中的应用

新型功能性纳米材料以其诸多优良性质在构建电化学免疫传感器中备受关注,为电化学免疫传感器的开发和研究开辟了一片广阔天地。纳米材料在电化学免疫传感器方面的应用主要是将纳米材料作为传感器界面的修饰材料、生物分子的固载基质以及信号标记物等。本文就常见的功能性纳米材料在电化学免疫传感器中的应用做一综述。     

脂质体包覆CdSe/ZnSe核－壳量子点

本文提出了一种利用脂质体包覆量子点的方法。这种脂质体包覆的方法可以使量子点溶于水。被脂质体包覆的CdSe/ZnSe量子点仍具有很强的荧光，其荧光强度与未包覆的CdSe/ZnSe量子点处于同一数量级且具有很好的荧光稳定性。这种脂质体包覆的量子点有很好的生物相容性，利用它为荧光标记物，制备了鼠单克隆抗体CD95的免疫检测传感器。     

Love波免疫传感器在免疫分析中的研究

Love波免疫传感器是一种以免疫反应为识别方式的新型声表面波传感器。与其它压电声波免疫传感技术相比,水平剪切型表面波、高的压电晶体基频以及声波导层的存在使Love波免疫传感器在可用于气液两相检测的同时具有更高的灵敏度,从而可以成为免疫分析中的一种重要的工具。本文分别从Love波传感器的构造、原理、发展现状和以抗体作为探针在传感器表面的固定化方法两方面综述了Love波免疫传感器的研究进展。     

无标记型免疫传感器的原理及其应用

无标记型免疫传感器能够直接测定生物样品，测定过程中无需预先对被测物进行标记，适应直接、实时、原位、在线的痕量免疫分析，已经广泛应用于临床医学、环境、制药、食品等分析领域中。表面等离子共振(SPR)型免疫传感器、石英晶体微天平(QCM)型免疫传感器、电容型免疫传感器即是目前报道较多的3种无标记型免疫传感器。本文分别对这3种免疫传感器检测原理、传感器构建方式以及在生物分子检测中的应用进行了简要综述。     

电化学免疫传感器在肿瘤标志物检测中的应用

针对电化学免疫传感器研究的关键问题传感器的灵敏度,将具有优异性质的纳米材料及纳米复合材料应用于传感器敏感界面构建和电化学活性纳米探针的设计去增强检测信号方面进行总结,并将电极表面生物识别层的固定方法及电化学免疫传感器对多肿瘤标志物的联合检测应用进行了的综述,且对电化学免疫传感器的应用前景进行展望。     

Enzyme-loaded liposome with biocatalytic precipitation for potentiometric immunoassay of thyroid-stimulating hormone in thyroid carcinoma

A simple and feasible potentiometric immunosensing platform based on enzymatic biocatalytic precipitation technique was designed for the sensitive detection of thyroid-stimulating hormone(TSH;a typical kind of biomarkers for thyroid carcinoma),using horseradish peroxidase(HRP)-loaded liposome for the signal amplification.To construct such an assay system,a sandwich-type immunoreaction was readily carried out on monoclonal anti-TSH capture antibody-coated electrode by using polyclonal antiTSH secondary antibody-conjugated HRP-loaded liposome.Accompanying the formation of sandwichtype immunocomplex,the carried liposome was lysed through the added Triton X-100 to release the entrapped HRP molecules,which catalyzed the oxidation of 4-chloro-1-naphthol to produce an insoluble and uncharged organic precipitation on the electrode surface,thereby causing the change of the local electrical potential.Two labeling protocols with and without the liposome were investigated for detection of target TSH,improved analytical features were achieved with HRP-entrapped liposome.Under optimal conditions,the potentiometric immunosensor had good responses for TSH detection within the linear range of 0.01-30 p IU/mL at a detection limit of 0.0067 p IU/mL.Good reproducibility,high specificity and long-time stability were acquired during the assay procedure.Importantly,a wellmatched accuracy between the potentiometric immunosensor and commercial human TSH ELISA kit was gave for the analysis of human serum samples.     

脂质体免疫传感器的制备及其应用于测定尿液中2,4-D的量

将4种溶质(以10∶10∶1∶1质量比混合的DPPC、胆固醇、DPPG及DPPE)的混合物22mg,溶于4mL氯仿-异丙醚-甲醇(6+6+1)混合溶剂中。向此溶液中加入0.15mol·L-1亚铁氰化钾溶液1mL,于45℃超声涡旋5min使其包埋于脂质体中。将此脂质体包埋的亚铁氰化钾溶液1mL,通过戊二醛(0.7+99.3)溶液2mL的作用,与200μL 2,4-D免抗体溶液(10.53g.L-1)交联。另将自制MWNT′s修饰的石墨电极插入0.05mol·L-1脂质体-抗体-吡咯溶液中,用循环伏安法在0～0.75V电位区间扫描10次,扫描速率为50mV.s-1。由此制成的免疫传感器应用于测定尿样中2,4-D含量,其线性范围为0.05～2.5 mg·L-1之间,检出限(3S/N)为15.4μg·L-1。     

Electrochemiluminescence immunosensor for α-fetoprotein using Ru(bpy)3(2+)-encapsulated liposome as labels

In this work, an electrochemiluminescence (ECL) immunosensor for ultrasensitive detection of α-fetoprotein (AFP) was fabricated using Ru(bpy)(3)(2+)-encapsulated liposome as the label and electrodeposited gold nanoparticles (GNPs) as the immobilizing support. Great signal amplification was achieved since liposome could encapsulate large amount of reporter molecules and GNPs could provide large active surface. Under optimized conditions, with sandwich type format, a linear range of AFP from 0.005 to 0.2 pg/mL and an extremely low detection limit of 0.001 pg/mL was obtained, much lower than that in previous reports. The proposed ECL immnuosensor showed high sensitivity, specificity, and good stability, which may open a new door to ultrasensitive detection of proteins in clinical analysis.     

An ultrasensitive chemiluminescence immunosensor for PSA based on the enzyme encapsulated liposome

A highly sensitive chemiluminescence immunosensor for the detection of prostate-specific antigen (PSA) was developed based on a novel amplification procedure with the application of enzyme encapsulated liposome. Horseradish peroxidase (HRP) encapsulated and antibody-modified liposome acts as the carrier of a large number of markers and specific recognition label for the amplified detection of PSA. In the detection of PSA, the analyte was first bound to the specific capture antibody immobilized on the microwell plates, and then sandwiched by the antibody-modified liposomes encapsulating HRP. The encapsulated markers, HRP molecules were released by the lysis of the specifically bound liposomes in the microwell with Triton X-100 solution. Then, the analyte PSA could be determined via the chemiluminescence signal of HRP-catalyzed luminol/peroxide/enhancer system. The “sandwich-type” immunoassay provides the amplification route for the PSA detection in ultratrace levels. The CL emission intensity exhibits dynamic correlation to PSA concentration in the range from 0.74 pg/ml to 0.74 μg/ml with readily achievable detection limit of 0.7 pg/ml.     

石墨烯复合材料电化学免疫传感器在肿瘤标志物检测中的应用

监测肿瘤标志物水平变化是评估肿瘤治疗效果的重要方法.基于石墨烯复合材料构建的电化学免疫传感器可实现对肿瘤标志物的检测,检测灵敏度高、特异性好,是快速、准确分析肿瘤标志物含量的理想检测工具.本文重点阐述了石墨烯复合材料的电化学免疫传感器在肿瘤标志物检测中的应用进展.总结了其在肿瘤标志物检测中应用的优势和不足,最后对基于石...     

A label-free electrochemical immunosensor based on gold nanoparticles for detection of paraoxon

An electrochemical immunosensor for the direct determination of paraoxon has been developed based on the biocomposites of gold nanoparticles loaded with paraoxon antibodies. The biocomposites are immobilized on the glassy carbon electrode (GCE) using Nafion membrane. On the immunosensor prepared paraoxon shows well-shaped CV with reduction and oxidation peaks located −0.08 and −0.03 mV versus SCE, respectively. The detection of paraoxon performed at −0.03 mV is beneficial for guaranteeing sufficient selectivity. The amount of the biocomposite consisting gold nanoparticles loaded with antibodies and the volume of Nafion solution used for fabricating the immunosensor have been studied to ensure sensitivity and conductivity of the immunosensor. The immunosensor has been employed for monitoring the concentrations of paraoxon in aqueous samples up to 1920 μg l⁻¹ with a detection limit of 12 μg l⁻¹.     

Nanosilver and DNA-functionalized immunosensing probes for electrochemical immunoassay of alpha-fetoprotein

A simple and sensitive electrochemical immunosensor for a one-step immunoassay for alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) was designed using silver nanoparticles and double-stranded DNA as matrices. The detection was based on the change in the electron transfer resistance before and after the antigen-antibody reaction by using electrochemical impedance spectroscopy. Under optimal conditions, the resistance shift of the immunosensor is proportional to the AFP concentration in the range 3.5 –360 ng·mL^?1 with a detection limit of 1.5 ng·mL^?1 (at 3σ). The immunosensor exhibits high sensitivity, good reproducibility and stability. Results obtained for clinical serum samples by the immunosensor are in accordance with those determined by spectrophotometric enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays.     

Immunosensor for the determination of azidothymidine: its utilization as detector in a sequential injection analysis system

An amperometric immunosensor based on graphite paste (graphite powder and paraffin oil) has been constructed for the assay of azidothymidine (AZT). The graphite paste is impregnated with anti-AZT. The immunosensor can be reliably used for the assay of AZT in its pharmaceutical formulation. The potential used for AZT assay was 435 mV vs Ag/AgCl electrode. The surface of the immunosensor can be regenerated by simply polishing, obtaining fresh immunocomposite ready to be used in a new assay. Due to its reliability, the immunosensor was successfully used as a detector in a sequential injection analysis system, and gave reliable results for on-line assay of AZT purity in raw material and AZT contents in pharmaceutical formulations.