LiB3O5晶体高温拉曼光谱研究

研究了LiB₃O₅晶体在不同温度下(在300—1173K的温度范围)的拉曼光谱,分析了LBO晶体结构随温度变化的规律.随着温度的升高,LBO晶体的拉曼光谱谱峰都不同程度地向低波数方向移动,也存在不同程度的展宽,同时强度减弱.发现晶体在1100K存在明显相变,与LBO晶体的相图给出的1107K的相变温度基本相符. 关键词： 3O₅晶体')" href="#">LiB₃O₅晶体 高温拉曼光谱 相变     

正磷酸盐晶体Ba3(PO4)2和Sr3(PO4)2高温拉曼光谱研究

测量了碱土金属正磷酸盐Ba₃(PO₄)₂和Sr₃(PO₄)₂常温及高温拉曼光谱, 对拉曼振动模式进行指认, 并分析了晶体拉曼振动光谱及晶体结构在高温下的变化. 在温度升高的过程中, 拉曼振动频率向低频移动且振动峰宽度展宽, 晶体中的P-O平均键长随温度升高而变长, 但O-P-O的键角并未发生变化. 晶体在900 ℃以下无结构相变发生. 关键词： 3(PO₄)₂和Sr₃(PO₄)₂')" href="#">Ba₃(PO₄)₂和Sr₃(PO₄)₂ 高温拉曼光谱 振动模式 高温结构     

Bi4Ge3O12晶体及其熔体结构的高温拉曼光谱研究

研究了BGO晶体在不同温度下(在300—1323 K的温度范围)的拉曼光谱及其熔体的高温拉曼光谱，分析了BGO晶体结构随温度变化的规律及BGO熔体的结构特征.随着温度的升高，BGO晶体的拉曼光谱谱峰都不同程度地向低波数方向移动，也存在不同程度的展宽，同时强度减弱.另外，在BGO熔体中存在［GeO₄］和［BiO₆］的结构基团；但两种结构之间的联键消失，即在熔体中二者是相互独立的生长基元. 关键词： 高温拉曼光谱 熔体 BGO晶体     

KTN晶体及其熔体结构的高温拉曼光谱研究

测量并研究了不同温度(室温—1573 K)范围内KTN晶体的拉曼光谱及其熔体的高温拉曼光谱,分析了KTN晶体结构随温度变化的规律及其熔体的结构特征.随着温度的升高,KTN晶体的拉曼光谱谱峰都不同程度地向低波数方向移动,同时存在不同程度的展宽,并伴随强度的减弱.观察并解释了温度353 K附近KTN晶体样品的四方—立方转相现象.研究了KTN晶体拉曼光谱中538cm^-1,585cm^-1,835cm^-1和877cm^-1谱峰及其 关键词： 高温拉曼光谱 熔体 KTN晶体     

磷酸钠结构的高温拉曼光谱研究

用高温拉曼光谱仪测定了固态和熔融态磷酸钠(Na3PO4)晶体的光谱,分析了磷酸钠晶体的结构及其随温度的变化。通过对从常温谱到高温谱的解析,得出主峰波数随温度的变化及主峰半高宽的变化,可以观察到在600 K附近及1773 K有两个相变产生。此外,磷酸钠晶体的相关高温DSC检测分析,也和拉曼谱中发现的两个相变符合。量子化学理论计算同时对该体系的P-O键振动和平均键长进行了模拟,随着键长的增加,对应的振动频率会降低。还确认了磷酸钠Raman光谱中各个峰的归属,938 cm-1波数处的峰属于(PO4)3-中P-O键的对称伸缩振动,是Na3PO4的特征峰,425及580 cm-1处峰属于磷氧四面体的弯曲振动。     

MgB2超导薄膜的变温拉曼光谱研究

MgB₂作为迄今为止超导转变温度最高的合金超导体,由于其具有结构简单、相干长度长、晶界间不存在弱连接、上临界场很高、电-声散射时间短等特点,MgB₂超导薄膜在电子学领域有着广阔的的应用前景。拉曼光谱是研究电-声子相互作用和超导能带的一种有效方法,且已广泛用于分析MgB₂材料的电子、声子特征以及超导体能带结构,研究表明,样品质量、晶粒尺寸以及测试条件对MgB₂拉曼峰的峰位和峰形影响很大,其中拉曼光谱随温度的变化也是一个研究重点,但目前关于MgB₂变温拉曼光谱的研究,测试的温度范围相对较小,局限在83 K到室温区域或是转变温度附近。研究了大范围温度区间内MgB₂薄膜的拉曼光谱变化,采用混合物理化学沉积法在(0001)SiC衬底上制备了MgB₂多晶薄膜,薄膜的晶粒尺寸约为300 nm,超导转变温度为39.3 K,对其在10～293 K之间的拉曼光谱进行了测试,测量的波数范围为20～1 200 cm-1。变温拉曼光谱的测试结果显示,在高频620 cm-1附近以及低频80和110 cm-1附近存在MgB₂的拉曼峰。经分析,低频区域出现的两个拉曼峰的频率与超导能隙宽度相对应,表明MgB₂的双能隙特性。考虑到MgB₂中四种声子模式的拉曼活性,高频620 cm-1附近的拉曼峰应是由E_2g振动模所贡献的,且随着测试温度的降低,该拉曼峰的峰位未发生明显的偏移,但半高宽显著变小,从293 K时的380.7 cm-1减小到10 K时的155 .7 cm-1,分析表明E_2g声子与电子系统的非线性耦合所引起的非简谐效应可能是拉曼峰半高宽线性变小的主要原因。     

Bi4Ge3O12晶体及其熔体结构的高温拉曼光谱研究

研究了BGO晶体在不同温度下(在300-1323 K的温度范围)的拉曼光谱及其熔体的高温拉曼光谱,分析了BGO晶体结构随温度变化的规律及BGO熔体的结构特征.随着温度的升高,BGO晶体的拉曼光谱谱峰都不同程度地向低波数方向移动,也存在不同程度的展宽,同时强度减弱.另外,在BGO熔体中存在[GeO4]和[BiO6]的结构基团;但两种结构之间的联键消失,即在熔体中二者是相互独立的生长基元.     

PbMoO4晶体生长基元和生长习性的高温拉曼光谱研究

应用高温拉曼光谱研究了PbMoO₄熔体中的生长基元.通过对不同温度下PbMoO₄晶体拉曼光谱和熔点温度附近熔体高温拉曼光谱的研究,发现PbMoO₄熔体中存在Pb²⁺阳离子和［MoO₄］^2－阴离子生长基元.进一步讨论了PbMoO₄晶体生长基元和各个低指数晶面间的相互作用,解释了晶体的生长习性和枝晶生长的原因,并指出:PbMoO₄晶体生 关键词： 钼酸铅晶体 枝晶 籽晶取向 拉曼光谱     

拉曼光谱法计算多孔硅样品的温度

利用457.5nm固体激光器作为激发光源，得到了在不同功率激发下的多孔硅样品的拉曼光谱以及一些谱峰参数随功率的变化关系. 在从前的理论研究中，认为是由于激光功率的增大导致样品局域温度升高，从而使样品局域粒径变小，并由此引起了一系列谱峰参数的变化. 分别由520cm^-1和300cm^-1附近得到的随功率变化的拉曼谱图，详细讨论并计算了激光功率对多孔硅样品局域温度的定量影响，为拉曼光谱用于样品温度的定量测量奠定了实验基础. 关键词： 拉曼光谱 多孔硅 激光功率 样品温度     

水热金刚石压腔结合拉曼光谱技术进行Na2SO4-水体系溶解结晶动力学研究

成矿作用过程中,温压条件改变导致矿物溶解重结晶,溶液中溶质浓度发生变化。从溶液中析出晶体的粒度同时存在着时间和空间的分布,是复杂的动力学过程。当前对矿物在流体中溶解重结晶动力学研究主要使用高压釜或活塞圆筒等封闭设备测定溶液溶质浓度的变化或固相矿物的形态变化,降温淬火反应会影响样品的真实组成。使用可进行原位观测的金刚石压腔结合拉曼光谱分析技术,研究无水芒硝-饱和Na₂SO₄溶液随体系温度压力变化所出现的晶体溶解重结晶过程。通过原位观测无水芒硝溶解、结晶变化来探究硫酸钠晶体在不同温压条件下的溶解结晶动力学反应机制。结果表明常温条件下无水芒硝拉曼位移分别位于449.9,620.5,632.9,647.4,993.3,1 101.8,1 132.2和1 153.1 cm-1。随着体系温度的缓慢升高,固相Na₂SO₄的晶形不断发生变化,温度至193 ℃时无水芒硝（Na₂SO₄）完全溶解,降温重结晶出现了新的1 196.5 cm-1拉曼特征峰,重结晶晶体为芒硝（Na₂SO₄·10H₂O）;金刚石原位观测结果显示迅速升温过程中无水芒硝发生部分溶解重结晶,重结晶区域拉曼特征峰显示依然为无水芒硝。拉曼光谱定量分析结果显示,溶液中SO2-₄,H₂O的拉曼谱峰面积比值参数更能反映SO2-₄浓度的变化, 体系达到溶解重结晶平衡状态时,SO2-₄/H₂O峰面积比值AR为(0.016 6±0.000 4),误差为2.4%。应用Johnson-Mehl-Avrami-Kolmogorov（JMAK）模型结合溶液中SO2-₄/H₂O峰面积比值变化对体系中固相无水Na₂SO₄的溶解重结晶过程进行动力学拟合,计算得出无水硫酸钠在109 ℃条件下的溶解结晶反应的反应级数为1.266 7,反应平衡常数为0.001 26。综上所述,水热金刚石压腔装置实验步骤少,过程简便,可避免由于淬火过程中退化交换作用等造成的误差,应用水热金刚石压腔原位观测的装置优势结合拉曼光谱定量分析技术可实现高温高压条件下矿物在水溶液中溶解结晶动力学过程的原位观察和测定,是一种高效的动力学研究手段。     

BSO晶体的高温拉曼光谱与高温结构特征

阐述了BSO晶体在常温下的结构特征,通过测量晶体在常温下的拉曼光谱,对晶格主要振动模式进行了指认,测量晶体升温至熔化过程中不同温度下的拉曼光谱,分析研究了其微观结构在升温过程中的变化以及在高温状态下的结构特征。     

Vibrational spectroscopic studies,conformations and ab initio calculations of 1,2‐bis(trifluorosilyl)ethane (SiF3CH2CH2SiF3)

Infrared spectra of 1,2‐bis(trifluorosilyl)ethane (SiF₃CH₂CH₂SiF₃) were obtained in the vapour and liquid phases, in argon matrices and in the solid phase. Raman spectra of the compound as a liquid were recorded at various temperatures between 293 and 270 K and spectra of an apparently crystalline solid were observed. The spectra revealed the existence of two conformers (anti and gauche) in the vapour, liquid and in the matrix. When the vapour was chock‐frozen on a cold finger at 78 K and annealed to 150 K, certain weak Raman bands vanished in the crystal. The vibrational spectra of the crystal demonstrated mutual exclusion between IR and Raman bands in accordance with C_2h symmetry. Intensity variations between 293 and 270 K of pairs of various Raman bands gave ΔH(gauche—anti) = 5.6 ± 0.5 kJ mol⁻¹ in the liquid, suggesting 85% anti and 15% gauche in equilibrium at room temperature. Annealing experiments indicate that the anti conformer also has a lower energy in the argon matrices, is the low‐energy conformer in the liquid and is also present in the crystal. The spectra of both conformers have been interpreted, and 34 anti and 17 gauche bands were tentatively identified. Ab initio and density functional theory (DFT) calculations were performed giving optimized geometries, infrared and Raman intensities and anharmonic vibrational frequencies for both conformers. The conformational energy difference derived in CBS‐QB3 and in G3 calculations was 5 kJ mol⁻¹. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Structure and photoluminescence properties of Er3+-doped TiO2-SiO2 powders prepared by sol-gel method

Er 3+-doped TiO 2-SiO 2 powders are prepared by the sol-gel method,and they are characterized by high resolution transmission electron microscopy (HR-TEM),X-ray diffraction (XRD) spectra,and Raman spectra of the samples.It is shown that the TiO 2 nanocrystals are surrounded by an SiO 2 glass matrix.The photoluminescence (PL) spectra are recorded at room temperature.A strong green luminescence and less intense red emission are observed in the samples when they are excited at 325 nm.The intensity of the emission,which is related to the defect states,is strongest at the annealing temperature of 800 C.The PL intensity of Er 3+ ions increases with increasing Ti/Si ratio due to energy transfer between nano-TiO 2 particles and Er 3+ ions.     

Structure and spectra of melaminium citrate

The first X-ray diffraction and vibrational spectroscopic analysis of the new melaminium salt, i.e. melaminium citrate, C₃H₇N₆⁺·C₆H₇O₇⁻, has been reported. Crystals were obtained by slow evaporation of an aqueous solution at room temperature. Powder infrared and Raman spectra were measured and interpreted. The vibrational spectra in the region of internal vibrations of ions corroborate structural data. Some spectral features of this new crystal are referred to the corresponding one for melamine crystal as well as other melamine complexes in crystalline form. Hydrogen-bonded network present in the crystal gives notable vibrational effect.No anomaly was detected in the heat-flow vs. temperature diagram in the range of 320-100 K.     

Structural phase transitions in niobium oxide nanocrystals

Niobium oxide nanocrystals were successfully synthesized employing the green synthesis method. Phase formation, microstructure and compositional properties of 1, 4 and 7 days incubation treated samples after calcinations at 450 °C were examined using X-ray diffraction, Raman, photoluminescence (PL), infrared, X-ray photoelectron spectra and transmission electron microscopic characterizations. It was observed that phase formation of Nb₂O₅ nanocrystals was dependent upon the incubation period required to form stable metal oxides. The characteristic results clearly revealed that with increasing incubation and aging, the transformation of cubic, orthorhombic and monoclinic phases were observed. The uniform heating at room temperature (32 °C) and the ligation of niobium atoms due to higher phenolic constituents of utilized rambutan during aging processing plays a vital role in structural phase transitions in niobium oxide nanocrystals. The defects over a period of incubation and the intensities of the PL spectra changing over a period of aging were related to the amount of the defects induced by the phase transition.     

Lacking Raman spectroscopic evidence for a structural phase transition in ZrTe5 at 141 K

The Raman spectra of ZrTe₅ are recorded at various temperatures between 10 and 500 K. The data give no evidence for a structural phase transition, in spite of appreciable temperature dependent effects in some of the Raman modes. The lack of Raman spectroscopic evidence for a low temperature structural phase transition in ZrTe₅ is also confirmed by powder X-ray and neutron diffraction data collected over 100 to 295 and 10 to 295 K, respectively. The present findings strongly suggest that the reported anomaly in the electrical resistivity at 141 K must reflect change(s) in the electronic band structure of ZrTe₅, and the temperature dependences of the Raman spectra could be caused by variations in the first order susceptibility.     

The rotational Raman spectra and cross sections of H2O, D2O, and HDO

We report the experimental rotational Raman spectra of H₂O, and of a mixture of D₂O and HDO in the vapor phase at room temperature, and their interpretation in terms of rotational–vibrational energies, wavefunctions, and transition moments of the molecular polarizability. These transition moments are based on high-level ab initio calculations of the wavelength dependent polarizability surface, and on wavefunctions where the rotational–vibrational coupling is considered in detail. As a byproduct of this analysis several tables have been compiled including scattering strengths and assignments for individual rotational transitions of the three species. From these tables the rotational Raman spectra can be simulated over the range of temperatures up to 2000 K for H₂O, and up to 300 K for D₂O and HDO.     

［Mg(NH2)2］n(n=1—5)团簇的密度泛函理论研究

用密度泛函理论的杂化密度泛函B3LYP方法在6-31G^*基组水平上对［Mg(NH₂)₂］_n(n=1—5)团簇各种可能的构型进行几何结构优化,预测了各团簇的最稳定结构.对最稳定结构的振动特性、成键特性、电荷特性等进行了理论研究.结果表明：团簇易形成链状结构,Mg—N键长为0.190—0.234 nm,N—H键长为0.101—0.103 nm,H—N—H键角为100.2°—107.5°;团簇中M 关键词： 2)₂］_n(n=1—5)团簇')" href="#">［Mg(NH₂)₂］_n(n=1—5)团簇 密度泛函理论 结构与性质 储氢材料     

Spectrum of vibrational frequencies of crystalline tungsten at temperatures of 293 and 2400 K

The slow neutron inelastic scattering spectra for a refractory (T _melt = 3680 K) Group VI transition metal of the Periodic Table, namely, tungsten, were measured for the first time in the range from room temperature to 2400 K. Measurements of the neutron scattering spectra of tungsten were performed on a DIN-2PI time-of-flight spectrometer installed at the IBR-2 reactor (Dubna, Russia). The sample was heated in a TS3000 K high-temperature thermostat. The spectrum of vibrational frequencies of the crystal lattice of tungsten at temperatures of 293 and 2400 K was determined from the measured neutron scattering spectra by the iterative method. A softening of the frequency spectrum of tungsten was observed with increasing temperature. This was explained by the increasing role of vibrational anharmonicity effects at high temperatures. The experimental results were compared with model calculations of the frequency spectrum of tungsten.